MYRAA Sailing Rules – 1936

SAILING RULES Enclosed and Open Waters and General Rating Regulations 1936 PRICE 20 CENTS Model Yacht Racing Association of America CONTENTS t RULES FOR SAILING ON ENCLOSED WATERS & 1—CONDITIONS OF ENTRY FOR RACES 2—ENTRIES AND ENTRY FEES . 3—PRIZES AND TROPHIES 4—DEFINITIONS .. 5—RACE OFFICIALS AND ‘Dutizs . 6—DIsTINGUISHING MARKS. Salk Reta . 7—READINESS FOR PUNCTUAL START aes. ah ete ena 8—STATIONS AND STARTING 9—ScCORING oe : 10—HANDLING Yacuts nvasee pe 11—PoLE AND HAND TURNING . 12—PROPULSION . 13—COLLISIONS AND Fouts 14—CHANGING SAILS 15—DisaBLED YACHTS . 17—SAILING OVER. . WOOSMADAAYU AWN N | PAGE . 16—REMOVAL OF BEATEN AND DISQUALIFIED YACHTS . 18—WITHDRAWAL OF ComPEtitors 19—DISPUTES i . 20—CHECKING Scores AS, 21—TimeE LimIT AND PostPONEMENT 22—-INFRINGEMENT OF RULES 23—Prorests DurING Racks . . . 24—-METHOD OF SAILING ON ENCLOsFD WATERS | 25—-DouBTS AND SILENCE OF SAILING RULES . aks he ese RULES FOR SAILING ON OPEN WATER AND HANDLED FROM SKIFFS GENERAL RULES GOVERNING RATING AND MEASUREMENT . 1—VALIDITY OF CERTIFICATE AND neeieraation 2—ERRORS IN CERTIFICATES . . 3—PENALTIES FOR INFRINGEMENT 4—INSPECTION . oe ues 18 . 19 19 5—DISABILITIES OF MEASURERS oe Regen te hats Sip Segal 6—INSTRUCTIONS TO MFASURERS Mes . 7—SAILS UNFAIRLY SHEETED OR SET …… 8—PROTESTS RE MEASUREMENTS. 9-——DOUBESSRE? CERTIFICATES (S’s egle sO, 10—UNITS OF MEASUREMENTS …….. 19 . 19 20 Al 21 23 24 { RULES FOR SAILING ON ENCLOSED WATERS 1.—CONDITIONS OF ENTRY FOR RACES, (See also Rule 1 of General Rules governing Rating and Measurement.) (a) All races under the auspices of the M.Y.R.A.A. shall be sailed and conducted strictly in accordance with the current Conditions and Sailing Rules of the M.Y.R.A.A.—at such date, time and place as shall be appointed by the Executive Committee and published in a Fixture List annually. (4) The receipt of an entry shall be taken to mean that the Owner, Skipper and Club agree to conform to all Sailing and Rating Rules and Conditions, together with any orders of the duly appointed O. O. D. (¢) Each Skipper shall hand to the O.O.D. a Valid Rating Certificate for his yacht on or before the day of a race for the purpose of identification and verification of the Rating of his yacht. (d) Each Affiliated Club, together with the Owners and Skippers, shall be responsible for any difficulty, inconvenience or expense that may arise from inaccurate or invalid certificates presented by either (see Rating Rule 1). (e) In the case of a disputed rating the Owner (or Skipper) shall permit of the remeasuring of his yacht. (f) Skippers and Mates of competing yachts must, in all cases, be amateurs—an amateur is one who has not at any time received a fee for sailing a model. N. B.—Reasonable out-of-pocket oreenet for a helper are permissible. In case of doubt or dispute the M.Y.R.A.A. Executive Committee shall judge what constitutes ‘reasonable out-of-pocket expenses,’ which shall include fares and hotel expenses only and mot payment for services or loss of time. Any other payment to a skipper or mate, or by a skipper to a mate, shall constitute a breach of this rule and invalidate the amateur status of the recipient, and constitute a breach of rules on the part of the person making the payment. (g) In the event of a race having to be abandoned for the day (either at starting time or later) due to lack of wind, or to storm, accident, or other unforeseen cause, the O.O.D. i shall report the circumstances to the Executive Committee with a view to a new date being arranged—or if the Skippers agree, the O.O.D. may order the race to be carried out or completed next day. accepted. No new entries or starters can be 2.—ENTRIES AND ENTRY FEES. (a) Each entry must be made by the Secretary of the Affiliated Club of which the Owner is @ member, and be sent to the M.Y.R.A.A. Secretary not later than the date stated in Fixture List — accompanied by the Entry Fee, Names of Yacht and Owner, Registered Number. (2) Each competing yacht shall be sailed by the Owner or other member of the Affiliated Club making the entry. For all purposes the last Owner registered shall be deemed the Owner. (c) The maximum entries per Club and the Entry Fees payable shall be determined by the Executive Committee and published in the M.Y.R.A.A. Fixture List. No Club may exceed the limit, and the Executive Committee shall have the right to vary the limit and Entry Fees. (¢d) No one Owner may enter more than one yacht in any race or series of races, nor shall an Owner sail the yacht of another if one of his own is also entered for the same race or series. _ (e) No entry can be accepted unless both Certificate and Registration agree, and are within the two-year limit and endorsed by the M.Y.R.A.A. Orn (f) Entry Fees for non-starters shall be forfeited. 3,—PRIZES AND TROPHIES. (a) Apart from the appropriate Trophy or Cup (if any), the First Prize shall go to the winning Owner—and where a Replica is provided such Replica shall constitute the First Prize. (b) If the ownership of a yacht is changed after she has won (not outright) a Trophy which has to be won a predetermined number of times to become the property of the final winner—her previous wins shall not count towards the new Owner’s claims to the Trophy. 2 © (c) The winner of any Trophy or Cup in which the M. Y. R. A. A. is concerned shall sign an undertaking for its safe custody and subsequent delivery to such person and at such date and place as shall be notified by the M.Y.R A.A. Secretary. Such undertaking to be secured by the O, O. D. in the prescribed form and transmitted by him (together with his report of the race) to the M.Y.R.A.A. Secretary within seven days, 4—-DEFINITIONS. Skipper—The person sailing the yacht, who is also responsible for actions of Mate. Mate—The Assistant to the Skipper. Com peti!or—A yacht forming part of a pair and her Skipper. Pair—Two yachts drawn to sail together. Board—A course in one direction of the lake. Heat—Two or more boards in which the same pairs sail. Round—€ach yacht must have met all others in the race to to complete a Round. A Race may consist of one, two or more Rounds. Shorc—The sides of the lake other than the starting and the finishing lines. Obstruction—An,; thing (excluding weed) that may impede a yacht other than its competitor or the shore, including other yachts sailing in the same board. : C Foul—When a yacht colliding with a competitor or obstruc“~~ tion is hung up, turned off her course, or has any of her gear disarranged so as to affect her chance of winning a board. Beating to Windward—A close-hauled passage, i.e. yacht sailing by the wind as close as she can lie with advantage. Otherwise she is sailing free. Tackino—When the yacht is put about on the opposite tack with headsails full and drawing. “Break Tack’’—When a yacht has been correctly turned (with headsail filled on the new tack) and returns to the same shore with headsail filled on the other tack, she is said to have “broken tack.’’ 3 Completion of a Board—A yacht shall be deemed to have completed a board as soon as any part of her hull or gear has crossed the finishing fine. 5.—RACE OFFICIALS AND DUTIES. The Officer of the Day—For all races or regattas held under the auspices of this Association the Executive Committee shall appoint the O.O.D., who shall take entire charge on behalf of the Association, and is empowered to select and appoint all other Officers and local assistance as he may require, such Officers to be under his authority and act within the area assigned to each, all of whom must be members of Affiliated Clubs, or Individual Members of M.Y.R.A.A. He shall act as Referee on all matters of fact and interpretations of Rule, and will exercise powers conferred under any other Clause in these Sailing Rules. His decisions shall be binding and final unless a Skipper lodges a Protest under Rule 23. He shall be empowered on his own initiative to disqualify a Skipper for any infringement of Rule at any time or place during a race. He shall be responsible for the placing of the Mark Flags, Starting Marks, and will decide the Starting Tack and points to be scored. He is also responsible for the proper inspection of Rating Certificates before the start of a race and for the checking of Scores at the conclusion or earlier if necessar. Assistant Officer of the Day (appointed if required) to assist the O.O.D. in any capacity under his instructions and with power to act as O.O.D. if the latter is unable to be present. Judge(s).—To decide which of a pair of yachts is first over the finishing line. Such decisions shall be final. A judge shall have no other duty. Umpire(s).—To make decisions in respect of the enforcement and observance of Rules within the area assigned to them. An Umpire’s decision may be subject to revision by the O.0.D. Starter(s).—To start the yachts in pairs from the stations appointed by the O.0.D. They shall have full control of 4 the yachts within six yards of the starting point. (See Rules 7 and12;) Scorer(s).—To record the scores in accordance with the decisions of the Judge at the station assigned to them, Windward and Leeward. The success of model yacht racing is largely dependent on the absolute impartiality and good judgment of the responsible officials, 6.—DISTINGUISHING MARKS. Each yacht shall carry on her mainsail her Class Mark and Registered Number as allotted by the M. Y.R. A. A., which shall correspond with the number given on her Rating Certificate. Such marks and numbers shall be in black of the sizes specified below, andplaced midway between luff and leech at about two-thirds of the height from boom to ~peak or hoist (as the case may be). The letters and marks shall be placed on each side of the mainsail at different heights, so as to avoid showing on each other through transparency of the sail. SIZES FOR NUMBERS ON SAILS Class Mark i pees . Height. i Thickness of Width Oth teaes Spaced 1 inch ‘ f inch bet Ya inch ¥%4 inch “a, 3 inches. | % inch P inches between , inch Yi figures 2 The Bar dividing Class Marks and Registered Numbers to be ¥ inch thick. *Does not apply to Figure ‘‘I.”’ In the International A’ Class the Registered Number will be preceded by the National letter “U” of similar dimensions. EXAMPLE: A. U 339 feo See ew 2 3 7.—READINESS FOR PUNCTUAL START. All competing yachts are to be out of the water and at the starting place at least ten minutes prior to the advertised time for the start. { 8.—STATIONS AND STARTING. Choice of Stations (Windward and Leeward) shall be drawn for at the start of each heat. The winner may elect at which end he will take his choice, and the loser shall have the option at the end not chosen by the winner of draw. In Windward Boards, competitors must both start on the same tack (with sails full and drawing). The position of the Starting Marks shall be determined by O.0.D.—and shall not be less than three yards apart. The Marks and Tack may be altered in consequence of a change of wind or other sufficient reason, only on the authority and at the discretion of the O.O.D. The Tack and Starting Stations may be altered only when all the pairs have completed a heat. 9,—SCORING. Scores shall be counted in points as follows:— For a win to windward 3 points are to be awarded: For a win to leeward 2 points; For a win in reaching winds 2 points. Two or More Rounds. When a race consists of two or more rounds the scoring value may be changed only between the rounds—but may be reversed end for end at any time between heats should a change of wind dictate. The scoring value must remain unchanged for all the heats in a round. Ties. Should the leading yachts have scored equal points at the end of a race, the yachts in question are to sail one windward board to decide. In reaching winds a board in the direction in which the race was started will be sailed. 6 Dead-heats. In the event of a dead-heat the points for the board shall be divided. Re-sails. Where a re-sail is ordered it is compulsory, and not a matter for arrangement between Skippers, but if for any reason (in the opinion of the Officer of the Day) a re-sail is impracticable, the points for the board shall be divided between the competitors affected. (See also Rule 17.) If, when a pair is called for a re-sail, one fails to come to the line, the points are to go to the other, and if either refuse to re-sail the competitor shall be considered to have withdrawn from the race without permission and dealt with as per Rule 18—and the case reported by the O.0.D, to the M.Y.R.A.A. Secretary. Divisions. See ‘Methods of Sailing’’—Rule 24. 10.—HANDLING YACHTS. A yacht which comes to shore must :— (2) In WINDWARD BOARDS be either Tacked, with or without retrimming, or Put off on the same tack provided that she has been stopped and retrimmed. A yacht shall be tacked, i.e. fairly put about, by the Skipper taking a firm stand and turning the yacht by the pole or hand placed against the lee bow. The yacht may be steadied on her new course with the pole or hand against the lee quarter as she sails away. Her headsail must fairly and definitely fill before she leaves the reach of her skipper. No other part of the yacht, sails or gear may be touched unless a retrim is being made or to avoid an obstruction. If a yacht returns to the same shore from which she has been put off without breaking tack, she must be retrimmed. 7 (2) In LEEWARD and REACHING BOARDS, be Stopped and retrimmed and then allowed to sail off on the course trom the hand; if a jibe is necessary, it will be carried out when the yacht is stopped. © NOTE.—The touching of the shore by the main or spinnaker boom or gear or thereto shall not necessitate stopping and retrimming the yacht. In either WINDWARD, LEEWARD or REACHING BOARDS— (i) A RETRIM is a readjustment of a yacht’s sails, gear or rudder that will allow her to proceed fairly on her course toward the finishing line. The application of the Guy constitutes a retrim. After a retrim, a yacht will be sailed from the hand only; the use of the pole will not be allowed. (ii) The Skipper’s feet must remain stationery while he is turning or retrimming his yacht, and the yacht must be STOPPED while a retrim is being made. NOTE.—In the case of yachts fitted with sendy gears which have to be adjusted on change of tack, an adjustment constitute a ‘‘retrim.”’ for this purpose only does not By (iii) Whenever a yacht is being tacked, or re-started after a. retrim, her way must not be accelerated by the Skipper. Failure to conform to any Clause in this Rule shall entail disqualification for the board in progress and the points awarded to the competing boat upon completing the board. (See also Rules 11, 12 and 13.) 11.—POLE AND HAND TURNING. (See also Rule 10.) Turning from the Banks (by Pole).— No Skipper or Mate shall enter the water where turning, trimming and restarting can be properly carried out from the banks. Turning poles shall be of uniform length as dictated by the nature of the banks. Turning in the Water (by Hand).—Where it is cus- tomary or necessary (by low-water or nature of banks) for 8 0 Skippers to do all turning, trimming and re-starting in the water, the yacht shall be turned by hand only, no pole is to be used, but all other Rules shall apply. A Skipper shall not wade further out than is necessary to keep his yacht afloat. alloat. 12,—PROPULSION. At the Start of each board Skippers are not permitted to impart way to their yachts, unless authorized to do so by the O.0.D. (see (4) below). After the Start the yacht shall be sailed fairly throughout each board without any form of propulsion or acceleration by a Skipper. Propulsion by a Skipper entails disqualification — and includes any form of acceleration by pushing or pulling in any direction by any means other than fair sailing. It also includes lifting and dropping of the counter and launching from the hand. The following are exceptions to this rule. (2) Should a yacht run aground a Skipper is permitted to use reasonable means to get her afloat. (4) Should there be any difficulty from low water or high banks, blanketed starting base or obstructions (other than a shore or sailing craft) the O.O.D. shall issue suitable instructions at start of race. (c) Nothing in this Rule shall prohibit a Skipper from drawing his yacht back if necessary to obviate collision. 13.—COLLISIONS AND FouLs. (2) Tacking, Guying, or Re-starting a yacht may not be done so as to involve the risk of collision. (4) A yacht sailing has right of way over any other leaving shore. Should a collision occur, the Umpire shall be the judge as to whether it could or should have been avoided. (c) If a competing pair foul within six vards (or a distance previously settled by the Officer of the Day) of the starting-point, they shall be re-started from their original positions. Should the foul recur the Starter may order them to start further apart. 9 (d) If a competing pair fouloutside the distance mentioned in (c) the board shall be re-sailed on the order of the Officer of the Day, except as otherwise provided. © (e) If one of a pair fouls an obstruction the board shall be re-sailed, unless the Officer of the Day is of opinion that she had no chance of winning the board. (f) If two yachts (not previously fouled) touch on shore alongside each other the position shall be regarded as a foul and the board re-sailed as in (@). (g) To minimize damage by collision, no yacht shall be allowed to start in a race without an efficient fender on her bows, which must satisfy the Racing Committee or O.O.D. 14.—CHANGING SAILS. Sails may be changed at any time, provided such change does not infringe the Rating Rules, but such change shall not delay the racing. 15.—DISABLED YACHTS. If a yacht is not ready when called upon and thus misses two boards, she shall be considered a non-starter, and all points scored for and against her shall be deleted. 16.—REMOVAL OF BEATEN AND DISQUALIFIED YACHTS. Where a yacht is in the water after her competitor has crossed the winning line she shall be removed from the water or towed by hand (if within reach) to the new starting point as soon as practicable. 17.—SAILING OVER. When at the end of a Race a re-sail has been ordered or a tie has to be sailed off and one of the parties refuses or is absent, the other shall be awarded the points. (See also Rule 8.) 18.—WITHDRAWAL OF COMPETITORS. No competitor may withdraw from a race without permission of the Officer of the Day, and then only under special circumstances, in which case points for and against such yacht are to be eliminated from the score book. 10 © 19.—DISPuTES. Should any dispute arise during the course of Umpires shall report to the Officer of the Day at the board then being sailed, and the decision of of the Day shall be binding and final, unless the lodges a Protest under Rule 23. a Race the the end of the Officer competitor 20.—CHECKING SCORES. Skippers must record their own scores on cards provided, handing them to the O.0.D, at the end of the Race (or earlier if required) for checking. Any discrepancies will be settled by the O.0.D. before the results are announced, and no subsequent question regarding scores will be entertained except by way of Protest under Rule 23. The Official Scores shall not be altered for any reason except by the O.O.D. under Rule 23. 21.—TIME LIMIT AND POSTPONEMENT Should it be impossible to finish a Race in the available time, owing to weather conditions, the Officer of the Day shall have the power to postpone the event. This shall be decided by him as soon as the position is obvious, but not later than when two-thirds of the available time has elapsed. If, in such circumstances, it is found that one competitor (or Team) by virtue of score could not have been beaten, then such competitor (or Team) shall be deemed to have won the Race. If, however, the event is designed for two rounds, and the first round has taken more than half the available time, as above, then the Officer of the Day shall determine the event on the result of the first round. NOTE.—As the length of the cour-e varies on different waters, it is not pos- sible to lay down a Time Limit for each board to suit all cases. 22.—INFRINGEMENT OF RULES. A competitor infringing any of the Sailing Rules in any particular board shall forfeit the points he might have gained in that board to his competitor, provided that the competitor has not also infringed Rules, in which case neither yacht Id shall score points. For continued infringement of the Rules the Officer of the Day, on the representation of the Umpires, or on his own initiative, may disqualify a yacht for the event. The Officer of the Day is also empowered to disqualify a competitor from further participation in a race for cebadi- ence of his orders, when points for and against him shall be eliminated. A Breach of Rule 18, or any other gross breach or in- fringement of any of these Rules, shall be reported to the M.Y.R:A.A. by the Officer of the Day. This shall be treated in the same manner as a Protest and the competitor given an opportunity to state his case. Should the matter be decided by the Executive Committee against such competitor, he shall be suspended from participation in any event held under M.Y.R.A.A. auspices for such period as the Executive Committee may determine. The case will also be reported to any Associated Club (or Clubs) to which the offender belongs. Certificates of all craft belonging to him shall also be suspended, 23.—PROTESTS DuRING RACES. In any Race held by the M.Y.R.A.A. or Inter-Club Event under M.Y.R.A.A. Rules, any competitor shall have the right of protest, not as to matters of fact but solely as to interpretation of Rules either against another competitor, or against the decision of the Officer of the Day, provided he acts in accordance with the procedure herein laid down for the conduct of Protests. (a) At the conclusion of the board then being sailed, the competitor in question shall verbally inform the Officer of the Day of his intention to protest. He shall then sail through, to the end of the Race (see also 23 (7)). (2) After the last board, and before competitors are permitted to disperse, the Officer of the Day shall see whether the Protest affects the result of the Race. If it does not, he shall give the competitor the option of withdrawing it. If, however, the Protest affects the result, the scorer shall say whether in the event of the Protest being upheld, any resails, or sail-offs, would be necessary. In such case the Officer of the Day shall order these to be carried out, and results 12 noted in the Score Book, so that the final winners can be adjusted upon settlement of Protest. Failure to obey these orders shall be treated as a breach of Rule 18. (c) Until Protests affecting results have been settled, prizes shall be withheld. (d) The protesting competitor shall lodge a written Proest within 48 hours with the Secretary of the M.Y.R.A.A. or the Affiliated Club concérned, whichever held the race in question. Such Protest shall contain full account of circumstances with names of witnesses, and shall state the Rule, or Rules, under which it is made, and shall also be accompanied by a deposit of $2.00. (e) The Secretary of the M.Y.R.A.A., or the Affiliated Club (as the case may be), shall give due notification in advance to all concerned as to when the Protest will be heard, and request them to attend. Such notification shall be given at least seven days before the fixed date, unless this period is varied, with the consent of all concerned. (/) In the event of Principals or Witnesses being unable to attend the hearing of a Protest, written statements may be submitted. The evidence in the case shall be open to both sides, but all parties interested are to be excluded from the discussion. In the event of such written Statements being submitted by either or both parties in the dispute, both parties shall be supplied with copies, and sufficient time given to make reply before the date is fixed for hearing the case, (g) The M.Y.R.A.A. shall be at the service of any Affili- ated Club, should such Club think fit to Appeal or refer a protest to the Executive Committee. In either case the Secretary of the Club concerned shall forward to the Secretary of the M.Y.R.A.A. all papers together with the Deposit of $2.00 and a full report of the case to date. (A) Protests arising in Races held by the M.Y.R.A.A. shall be sent direct to that body. In the case of Regattas where there are several Races and Finals, and provided that there are at least five of the Executive Committee present to form a quorum, a Special Emergency Executive Committee Meeting may be immediately convened by the Chairman (or 13 in his absence by the Officer of the Day), so that the matter can be dealt with on the spot. In such case this Meeting shall be attended by all parties to the Protest, and it shall not be held until Race is concluded. Notification of the circumstance with Minutes of the Meeting and Names of those present and voting must be sent to the Secretary of the M.Y.R.A.A., if he is not present and such Minutes read at the next Executive Committee Meeting. (7) The decision of the M.Y.R.A.A. on all Disputes, Protests, Appeals or References shall be final and binding on all concerned, and should the Protest be disallowed, the deposit of $2.00 will be forfeited to the M.Y.R.A.A. funds. 24.—METHOD OF SAILING ON ENCLOSED WATERS. All M.Y.R.A.A. events shall be sailed throughout on the Tournament system, whereby each competitor meets all others both ways, and each Club entitled to enter meets an equal number of yachts according to prescribed limit per Club, and (if possible) reach a definite result in the time available. Where the time is limited and the entry is too large to complete a full Tournament in that time—the entries shall be divided by draw into two or more Divisions of suitable size (not less than six in any one division). Then on completion of the several rounds the best (prearranged number) of each division shall sail a Final and the Scores of the preliminaries shall not be catried into the Final. Where a Tournament is extended over several days it shall be permissible at the end of the full Tournament to take the best (prearranged number) and sail a Final—in which case the Scores of the preliminary shall be brought forward into Final. 25 —DouBTS AND SILENCE OF SAILING RULES. Should any question arise during the progress of a Race in which the Rules may be silent, the Officer of the Day shall be competent to give a ruling for the occasion, which must be accepted, but same shall be reported to the M.Y.R. A.A. Secretary in writing. RULES FOR SAILING ON OPEN WATER AND HANDLED FROM SKIFFS NOTE.—The Code of Rules governing racing on Enclosed Waters shall also apply to Open Water racing where not in conflict with those for Open Water. 1. All Races shall be in charge of an Officer of the Day, who shall have such Umpires and Assistants as are necessary. 2. One hour before the start of a race each Skipper is entitled to and the O.D.D. shall supply a plan of the course with full details, in writing, of the starting line, the tack on which to start, marks and sides on which they are to be left and rounded, the finishing line, and whether once or twice around. 3. A yacht is amenable to the rules from the starting signal, until she has entirely crossed the finishing line. 4. Positions on the starting line shall be drawn for; No. 1 to start from the left, facing the first leg of the course. The positions should be at least 3 yards apart. 5. The start shall be on such signal as may be arranged by the O.O.D. 6. A yacht shall be deemed to have completed a race as soon as any part of her hull or gear has passed the finishing line, 7. Rules of the Road—to be observed as far as possible. (a) A yacht overtaking another shall keep out of the way of the overtaken yacht. (6) A yacht which is close hauled shall keep out of (c) A yacht which is close hauled on the Port tack shall keep out of the way of one which is close the way of one which has the wind free. hauled on the Starboard tack. (d) When two yachts have the wind free on different sides, that which has the wind on the Port side shall keep out of the way of the other. (e) When both have the wind free on the same side, the yacht to windward shall keep out of the way of the yacht to leeward. 15 _(f) When two yachts, close hauled on the same tack, are converging by reason of the leeward yacht holding a better wind, the yacht which is to windward shall keep out of the way of the other. 8. If two yachts foul, that which was in the right by the foregoing rules shall be started first. The Skipper of the yacht whose attendant skiff clears the colliders may not alter the trim of the other, but should hook any sheets that may have come adrift by reason of the collision. 9. A yacht’s course may not be altered in such a manner as to cause a possibility of an immediate collision. 10. Marks shall be rounded fairly on the correct sides as defined by Clause 2, but a yacht shall not be disqualified for touching a mark in rounding. 11. In starting the yachts they are not to be pushed, but are to be let go fairly on the signal being given. Models to be allowed 15 seconds’ start before rowing after them to re-trim. While sailing the course a yacht’s way is not to be accelerated in any way, except by fair sailing. While turning model for tacking or adjustments (including bailing) are being performed the attendant skiff is not to be propelled or backed in any way, except when necessary (and then only as much as requisite) to prevent fouling another yacht. 12. Attendant skiffs must keep out of the way, and out of the wind, of competing yachts, as much as possible. 13. If a yacht gets ashore, or foul of any obstruction, she must be started fairly on her course directly she is clear, and not towed or carried any distance by the attendant skiff. 14, Penalty.—The penalty for infringement of Rules 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 is disqualification. 15. A yacht may be taken on board its attendant skiff for the purpose of alteration to sails, or trim, or bailing out. The yacht may be placed in the water from any convenient side of the skiff. 16. Skiffs may make fast to an object, or anchor for convenience of effecting alterations, etc., if the following regulations are observed :— (a) The yacht must sail to the object or place of anchorage. 16 ©) (4) After alterations are effected the skiff must cast off, or weigh anchor, before the yacht is started. 17. Time Races——When Races are decided on Time, a Penalty of Ten Seconds shall be added to the total elapsed time for each occasion a Skipper handles his yacht during a Race, and the result declared on corrected times. ( 17 GENERAL RULES GOVERNING RATING AND MEASUREMENT © 1.—VALIDITY OF CERTIFICATE AND REGISTRATION. (See also Sailing Rule 1.) A Rating Certificate shall be valid for 24 months from the date of issue—subject as follows:— (a) All Certificates shall be upon forms obtained from the M.Y.R.A.A. and shall be made out, signed and dated by the Measurer and Secretary of the Club to which the owner belongs. (6) On completion of the measuring of each yacht the Club Measurer and Secretary shall fill in the Declaration on Certificate and post to M.Y.R.A.A. Treasurer for Registratior. (c) On receipt of such Certificate the M. Y. R. A. A. Treasurer shall allot a number (or re- register), endorse and return to Club Secretary. No number shall be issued unless Certificate of Rating is submitted. (¢) The Owner shall then put Number and Class Mark on the down in Sailing Rule 5, and until tion shall be deemed incomplete for racing. (or cause to be put) the sails in the manner laid this is done the Registraand the yacht ineligible (e) Any alteration in the hull, rig or displacement of a yacht, or the expiration of the time limit, or change of owner, club or yacht name, renders a Certificate invalid. The onus rests with the owners at all times to notify his Club Secretary or Measurer of anything whatsoever that may necessitate re-measuting. Following any such alteration the owner shall surrender his previous certificate to the Measurer for cancellation. © (f) No Certificate shall be valid or complete unless duly confirmed by M.Y.R.A.A. and bearing the official stamp and date of expiry. (g) No yacht shall be certified for two Classes. The above Regulations shall apply to all Classes Registered with the M.Y.R.A.A. 18 ) U ©) 2.—ERRORS IN CERTIFICATES. Should, after enquiry, the Certificate under which a model yacht was sailed in any race, or races, be proved to be incorrect for any reason, the authority may correct such Certificate as they deem proper and revise the claim of the model yacht to the prize or prizes which she may have been awardedin such race or races. If a yacht prove to be out of rating the Officer of the Day shall advise the Secretary of ‘the M.Y.R.A.A. and her Certificate shall be suspended until she shall have been brought within rating and duly re-measured. 3,—PENALTIES FOR INFRINGEMENT. If in the opinion of the authority holding the races a wilful infringement of the provisions in respect of the validity of a Certificate of a model yacht should be proved against any Owner or Skipper, he shall be reported to the M.Y.R.A.A. forthwith, and the case will be dealt with as a: gross breach of Rules under Sailing Rule 22. 4.—INSPECTION. Every Owner sailing under these Rules shall permit all reasonable inspection by or on behalf of the authority holding the races, and shall afford all reasonable facility to carry out such inspection in regard to measurements and such other matters as fall within the scope of a measurer’s duty. 5.—DISABILITIES OF MEASURERS. Unless witnessed and certified by an independent meas- urer dravyn from one of the Affiliated Clubs, measurers shall not measure:— (a) Model yachts which they themselves have designed or built, or in the construction or alteration of which they have taken part. (2) Model yachts of which they themselves are owners or part owners. (c) Model yachts which have been built by firms in which they have a business interest. Measurers are not allowed to take other measurements than those necessary for determining the Rating. 19 6 6.—INSTRUCTIONS TO MEASURERS. The measuring of all yachts shall also be subject to the Special Rating Rules as published for each Class — but where no provision is made the following shall be observed: INSIDE BALLAST (if any) must be declared by owner at time of measuring, and the measurer shall see that it is definitely fixed and the declared weight recorded on certificate, TOTAL DISPLACEMENT of all yachts shall be taken and recorded in a Rating Register and on all certificates. No shifting ballast is permitted. PROJECTIONS, NOTCHES or HOLLOWS IN HULL. If any part of the yacht below the L.W.L. (except the rudder) project beyond the extremities of the L.W.L., such projections shall be added to the measured length. Any yacht having notches or hollows in the profile, intended or having the effect of reducing the length for measurement, shall be refused a certificate. STEERING VANE. Where a Vane is used for steering and is capable of being fixed and used as a sail, the area of the Vane shall be computed and included in the calculated Sail Area. There are no restrictions on the nature of materials used for the hull, spars or fittings, except where specified in the rules. Hollow spars are allowed except where otherwise stated. In the case of a yacht having a mast slide, the position of the foreside of the mast is to be marked when the measurements are taken, and is not to be altered without remeasurement, except when provided for in the rating formulae. N.B.—The distance from foreside of mast to stemhead is to be inserted on all certificates. Model yachts shall at all times carry the same rudder and steering gear with which they are measured. All steering gear, except the rudder, shall be above deck. Weights attached to tiller or beam shall not be removed nor shall any weight be added at any time. Model yachts shall be measured in racing trim with the largest suit of sails, bent and set, the largest spinnaker, or 20 0 other running sail, being made up and stopped to the fore side of the mast, together with the spinnaker boom or other spars used to spread the running sail or sails. 7.—Saits UNFAIRLY SHEETED OR SET. The fore-stay or stays must be fixed approximately in the centre line of the yacht. Two mainsails may not be set at the same time. The spinnaker sheet may be led round the luff of the foremost headsail, subject to the limits of the triangle in respect of hoist, boom and headstick. Any contrivance for extending the spinnaker to any other than a triangular shape, such as an outrigger or footyard, battens on an auxiliary sheet, is prohibited. Sleeves and tubular pockets are not allowed. The spinnaker boom must be set on the opposite side to the main boom. A spinnaker must not be set without a boom. The spinnaker boom shall not be used as a bowsprit by being tacked or fixed down at the outer end when it is right forward. A headsail fixed to the deck in the ordinary way may be set on to the spinnaker boom provided the spinnaker boom is on the opposite side to the main boom. No jib, foresail or spinnaker shall be sheeted to the main boom. The clew of a jib or foresail shall not extend more than one-third (1/3) of “J” abaft the foreside of the mast measured head to wind. A spinnaker sail may be used as jib or foresail provided it is set and sheeted according to the rules for the latter sails. 8.—PROTESTS RE MEASUREMENT Every yacht entered for a race is presumed to have been correctly measured and her Skipper in possession of a Valid Certificate. The Club making the entry is responsible for any discrepancy or protest that may arise therefrom. In the event of a Potested Rating, the M.Y.R.A.A. District Zi Measurer may be called in to re-measure the yacht in ques- tion (a) All protests concerning the Rating of Models or their Certificates shall be made in writing and be accompanied by a deposit or $2.00. Until any protest (likely to invalidate a certificate or affect the result of a race) has been definitely settled, the Officer of the Day shall withhold his award for a race or regatta. Further, no protest shall be accepted by the Officer of the Day after he has made his award. (4) The Officer of the Day shall be competent to permit a yacht to sail, in spite of the fact that she has been protested against, unless in his opinion the evidence before him points to the obvious success of the protest. The Officer of the Day is further empowered to disqualify absolutely any yacht not in possession of an apparently valid Rating Certificate. (c) If, before the start of the racing, a competitor wishes to lodge a protest against another competitor’s yacht con- cerning her Rating Certificate, he shall forthwith inform the Officer of the Day in accordance with Clause (a), if possible. All such protests shall be made in the first instance to the Officer of the Day, who shall immediately satisfy himself that the yacht in question has a Rating Certificate which is apparently valid, and shall inform the protester of the fact. Should the latter still desire to press his protest, he shall forthwith lodge his written protest and deposit, as per Clause (a), with the Officer of the Day. Immediately the race is concluded the Officer of the Day shall order the yacht in question to be re-measured under Rule 5, and shall take charge of her for this purpose until such re-measurement has been carried out. (d) Should the protest be wpheld as the result of the measurement, the Officer of the Day shall forthwith refund © the deposit and cancel the yacht’s Certificate, and he shall also inform the Secretary of the M.Y.R.A.A. and the Secretary of the Club of which the offender is a member, giving particulars of the case in identical terms. (e) Should the protest be dismissed, the deposit shall be forfeited to the M.Y.R.A.A., and the protester shall pay any further expenses incurred that may not be covered by the deposit and be prohibited from taking part in any event 22 U C, held under the auspices of the M. Y. R. A. A. until such expenses have been received by the Secretary of the M.Y.R.A.A. (f) In the event of the Officer of the Day, from any cause or reason, being unable to settle a protest, he shall lodge the yacht in the hands of the Official Measurer for the District and remit the deposit to the Secretary of the M.Y.R.A.A. (g) Any deposit forfeited under Clause (¢) shall be immediately forwarded to the Secretary of the M.Y.R.A.A. by the Officer of the Day. (4) Should a competitor refuse to comply with Rating Rule 7, Clause (c) or Rating Rule 8, the Officer of the Day shall assume the protest is proven and shall forthwith disqualify the yacht, eliminating all points scored for and against her, and award the race accordingly. He shall also cancel the yacht’s certificate and report the matter in writing to the Secretary of the M.Y.R.A.A. In such event the offender shall have no recourse but shall be considered to have committed a gross infringement of Rules and shall be penalized by the Executive Committee in accordance with the powers laid down under Sailing Rule 22. (4) In any event not conducted by the M.Y.R.R.A., if a similar protest should arise, it shall be made direct to the Secretary of the Club holding the race, accompanied by a similar deposit and all particulars in writing. Should the Club fail to settle the protest, they may refer it to the M.Y.R.A.A. under Sailing Rule 23 (g) and (A). € (j) The Model Yacht to be measured may be sent to the Official Measurer or he may visit the Owner, who shall pay all expenses incurred. 9.—DOouBTS RE CERTIFICATES. If from any peculiarity in the build of a yacht, or other cause, the Club Official Measurer shall be of opinion that the recognized formula will not rate the yacht fairly, o: that in any respect she does not comply with the requirements of such formula, he shall report the circumstances to the M.Y.R.A.A., and after due enquiry, the Executive Committee shall award such Certificate of Rating as may be con- ( 23 sidered equitable, and the measurement shall be deemed in- © complete until this has been done. 10.—UNITsS OF MEASUREMENT. Linear.—Inches and decimal fractions of an inch. Square.—Square inches and decimal fraction of a square inch. Weight.—Pounds avoirdupois (Ibs.) and decimal fractions of a pound. All measurements beyond the second place of decimals shall be disregarded. Weight, however, shall be taken to three places of decimals, when required by formulae. © : 0