The Model Yachtsman and Canoeist: Volume 9, Issue 3 – March 1892

>anoeist. ‘a 1 fj 4 A Monthly Journal of Model Yacht Construction, Fitting and Sailing; Canoeing News, Doings of the Clubs; Yachting Items; Correspondence; Sale and Exchange; &e MARCH, Vol. [X.-—No. All Communications (except Canoeing) must be addressed ‘THe Epitor of The Afodel- Yachtsman, 161 & 162, High Street, Huil.” CANCEING Communications must be addressed “Tue Epiror of Zhe Canoerst, Elim Lodge. Hornsea, Hull, or, 161 & 162, High Street, Hull.” 1892 Price 3a., Fost-free 34d. CENTRE oF Errort or Saris.—12 copies of Lhe Model Yachtsman and Canoeist will be sent post free to the sender of the easiest method of calculating the C.H. of sail plans. FoRESTAYSAIL SHEET AND MainsHEET ARRANGEMENTS FOR Mopens.—A prize consisting of a water-color picture of a yacht or yachts THE MODEL-YACHTSMAN & CANOEIST is published on the Ist of each month, and can be had of any bookseller, or will be sent on application to the Pub- lishers, on the following terms :— Pust-free to any part of the United Kingdom, Europe or America…… paid in advance…… 3/6 per annum, igd, or Id, stamps may be sent in payment, N,B.—In sending for single copies, 344d. in stamps must be enclosed to cover postage. HuLi: THomas GrassaM, 161 & 162, High Street. LONDON: E. MARLBOROUGH & Co., 51, Old Bailey. DVERTISEMENTS should reach this office not later than the 21st of the month, to secure insertion in the following issue. Rates on application. To Foreign Subseribers!—All subscriptions must be sent by Post Office Orders, payable to THos, GRassaM, Huu; or. if sent in foreign Stamps, please send value in one or two stamps only, of high value.x—P.O.O. made payable to ‘* The Afodel- Yachtsman’ will nor fox the future be accepted. (@oiterial Aalotes, We regret that up to going to press Mr. G. L. Watson has not had the opportunity of passing judgment on the designs sent in for the l5-rater designing competition. We hope to be able to illustrate the winner next month. DisPLACEMENT.—12 copies of The Model Yachtsman and Canoeist for 1892 will be sent post-free to the sender of the most concise and simple form of calculating the displacement of model yachts. will be given to the sender of the best and handiest arrangements of fore and inain sheets. Such arrangements must possess the qualities of being simple in construction, easy of adjustment, and shipshape in appearance. Mopet Yacutine Exurpitions.—An exhibition of Model Yachts and other objects will be held from 17th to 26th March, in the Market Hall, Guernsey, under distinguished patronage, when we hope the mainland yachts will be well represented as well as those of Guernsey.—All particulars can be obtained of Mr. J. B. Randeil, hon. sec., Allez Street, Guernsey. Our Recister.—The fee for constant publication for each club is 5s, per annum, which entitles the club to a copy of this journal, sent post free throughout the year to the hon. secretary. Hon. secretaries and other officers are asked to kindly assist in promoting our -circulation by every means in their power. We have two interesting letters on the subject of measurement this month, One of our correspondent’s favors the 15-raters as the best size for inter-club matches, whilst Mr. Strange calls attention to the fact that 20-tonners compete with success in the 15-rating class, and Mr. Strange advocates a class of 10-rating as the best size. Mr. StranGn’s facts help us on the opinion that the 15-raters will not be found handy enough to promote sufficient sport. We have travelled with a 15-rater as a companion, and it is decidedly too much of a burden for our shoulders, and in several cases it has been found 42 THE MODEL-YACHTSMAN necessary todo considerable amount of personal which we have not by any means portage, enjoyed. Now we favor a class of 15-raters for home waters, but for getting about to inter-club matches, our mind is decidedly adverse to them, and we feel sure that they will never be as popular nor sport promoting for this purpose as the 10-tonners have been. It is largely owing to the fact that 10-tonuers grow weightier and uglier year after year, that we have begun an AND CANOEIST very usefull illustration on this point if we take the case of the Kingston 10-tonner ‘Susie,’ which has figured notably in the inter-club matches of Yorkshire, as well as taking the champion prize in her own club, ‘Susie’ is a moderate boat 39dins. on l.w.l. about 1941bs. displacement, and carries in her large ordinary suit 1550 sq. ins. Iv would seem from this, that it would not pay to have 40ins. of length for a 10-rater and be compelled to carry only 1500 sq. ins. of sail. We should imagine that most people would advocacy for a rating class for inter-club matches, but if we are to have more weight and size prefer 38ins., and this probability seems to point to the idea that we might be a httle too far on A group of clubs in one town, or even very of length seems to us an ideal size for the purpose in view, and a boat of say 24lbs. displacement would be just admirably fitted with a suit of may find 15-raters a feasible size. It can be managed to sail this class in Hull, for instance, amongst the three clubs there established, but and make a splendid class, not so small as to be insignificant, not so sluggish in light winds, through want of sail, as to be a poor spectacle, suggested, it is quite certain that the proposition won’t make headway. adjacent towns, and with convenient waters, the small side to make the class popular. 1800 sq. ins. of sail. 40ins., This would mean 12-rating that is not the limited object we have in view. We are just looking at and desiring, for every ¢lub in the British Isles, North, East, South and west, and we want them all to adopt one and not too large to take about as a comfortable companion. We hope all our elubs will give this matter earnest consideration, and let us have the benefit of their discussion. they may have a handy portable, moderate sized eralt, that they can take any where with comfort in travelling and portage, that will not cost a great effort or expence to renew by fresh building or purchasing from year to year; that will encourage builders professional and builders REVIEW OF MODEL YACHTING. The Boys Own Paper, Feb. 13th, gives its annual review of the sport, beginning thus :— uniform class, so that as bodies or as individuals, amateur to fresh efforts in designing, and that will put the sport under a more encouraging basis by fostering aclass that will bea marketable, stable and useful article to pass from the hands of one owner to another, and that will prompt us as individuals to get about more to other towns with our models, relying on the fact that wherever the traveller goes he will be able to test his sraft against others built under the same rule for the same class. Mr. SrrancE has had considerable experience in making lengthy journies to other towns and to out-of-the-way waters to join in inter-club competitions. Noman is more able therefore to sum up the obstacles to this most interesting feature of the sport than heis. Mr. Strange sees eye to eye with us that difficulties and hard laborious tasks are not calculated to increase the inter-club visits, and his present opinion as expressed in his letter is that 10-rating will be a good size. We think, however, that this class would be on the small side, and should like Mr. Strange as well as other readers to flgure this matter carefully out. 40ins. of length is certainly a nice handy dimeusion, but we can arrive af a ‘* Model Yachting in 1891 ended much as it began; clubs went and clubs came—and we hear of more to follow—and new members arrived as they always seem to do, to fill up the lists which run so thin in the first three months of the year. We hear of ponds being adapted to suit the sport, and of some being made specially for it, either by or with the countenance of the local authorities, who are beginning to recognize that it has come to stay, like tennis and golf, if not so vigorously as football and cricket, and that no one is the worse for its encouragement, and altogether 1891 was much like 1890, only more so, including the gradual adoption of sail area measurement, and the substitution of the ‘‘tonners’”’ by the ‘ raters.” Next follows the work of the clubs, amongst which we find a little chaff devoted to ourselves for placing the Clapham Club at Leeds and Jarrow inour Club Register, an error to which we plead guilty, and for which we gently rubbed the printer ‘‘ the wrong way on of his fur”’ at the time. DESIGNING, The first thing the beginner naturally gropes for is some scientific formula that will enable him with unerring pen to draw in such lines as will ensure a successful craft, and it naturally THE MODEL-YACHTSMAN AND CANOEIST seems odd to him that with all the knowledge that has been gained, all the experiments that | have been made, and all the experience of accumulated years, that a mathematical caleulation is not in existence that will put doubt to flight and make the student master of the art of designing. Many have applied tous for this royal road to success, and been hard to convince that no such road exists, Our attempts to point out the qualities necessary to make a first rate design have undoubtedly dispelled in a number of minds a notion that existed of our infallibility, and our very efforts have reduced us to the ranks of those who know no more than a very ordinary person. It is perhaps as well so. Had we all the possession of the infallible rule, a level of uniformity would be reached that would abolish one of the greatest charms of our sport, that is its unending possibilities and its entertaining and wondrous variety. That no “Golden Rule and Simple Plan” exists, is amply proved by the continual development in Yacht Designing that is ever appearing, with fresh and even startling features, under the magic touch of the skilful Naval Architects, that from year to year compete to overthrow each other’s productions, and although data is of absolute necessity to success, it comes home to us that exact science is as far away from design as the man in the moon. Too many influences exist in the conditions which surround Yacht Racing, and Model Yacht Racing, to allow of one kind of type being successful, and the man who has digested the conditions under which his craft will have to sail, has taken a big stride in the direction of success. To deal with model yachts, which is our present object, it is of the greatest importance that the size of the pond, or lake or whatever it may be, on which the boat has to sail should be taken into cousideration. Small ponds mean stnall waves and large waters mean large waves, the first short buffets, the second long plunges and big knocks. A boat of moderate displacement and depth will do well on the small waters, and larger displacement and greater depth will be advantageous on the more extensive waters. It is necessary to bear in mind that the waves kicked up by the wind must have opposed to them that form of hull which offers the least resistance to their buffeting. If these waves can get under a sharply turned bilge, each Jift they give being exerted against the buoyant hull above them, they will so to speak shoulder a boat to leeward, and by every sideway push destroy her headway motion, whereas if they come against a gradually turned side which when the boat is heeled presents no part for them to lift at they will comparatively expend their force in 43 vain. This being the case, we come at once to two opposing factors, beam is wanted for stiffness, depth of body is wanted to get a clean, easy turned bilge. We cannot have both, as such a combination would result in so large a displacement as a judicious sail plan would not drive at great speed, and such a form would offer too great a resistance to be successfully driven. You ask at once what is a judicious sail plan, and here again the same kind of diffeulty presents itself to be determined. The depth and ballast of the boat provides a lever to keep her upright. The sails provide a lever for the wind to press her over. If to get sufficient sail for the big displacement hull you go too high with the sail lever you destroy the effectiveness of the sails, because they are easily canted over by the wind tosuch an angle as to their power of resistance, and the less lose resistance they offer the less effective they are to propel the boat. There is another view of the same factor, the sail lever, which must be noted. It is a lever being pressed forward by the action of the wind as well as canted over, and with’a long sail lever the boat’s head is put down more with the forward pressure than by a shorter one. This latter view at once suggests that the form of the hull must be made to resist a pressure which puts the head of the boat down too much, and this as well as the sideway pressure is why we have introduced the question of sail plan in at this point of our remarks, ; Now the form best qualified to resist forward pressure and head submerging would be that which had the beaim carried a long way forward, and at this stage we are at once brought up by the fact that we must cut it away forward to get a bow sufficiently sharp to divide the water with small resistance, thus we have two desirable factors opposing each other again. In the after body we want a clean run for the water to close in easily, but here we also want to continue beam as far aft as possible to get stiffness. Next we are posed by the question of freeboard. A good freeboard gives us a bit of side to support the ship when she is pressed over, but a good freeboard offers resistance to the wind when sailing to windward. On the question of the length of the sail lever it might be said, keep the sail plan low and spread it well out fore and aft, but the answer to this is that it lengthens the levers fore and aft of the centre of lateral resistance of the hull so as to make a boat unsteady on her course. So it is all through, every quality desirable as a separate item is obstructed by other considerations, and this brings us to the absolute state that actual 44 THE MODEL-YACHTSMAN experience is the most necessary thing to make a successful design, as the harmonizing and balancing of these opposing factors is the fruit that grows on the tree of knowledge only, and the man that rears the tree is the most likely inan to get the right kind of fruit. DINNER axp DISTRIBUTION or PRIZES OF THE ALBERT MODEL YACHT CLUB, HULL. This function was held at the Lion Hotel, on Friday, 21st Feby., Councillor Charlesworth in the chair, supported by Alderman Geo. Hall, Councillors Beilby and Jackson, and Mr. Thos. A. Bruce, Commodore Kingston Model Yacht Club. 40 members and friends sat down to a first-rate spread and proved themselves good cutters on the occasion, eating to windward with good appetites. The president of the club, Mr. . 8. King, M.P., as well as Mr. F. B. Grotrian and Mr, Chas. H. Wilson. the other M.P.’s for Hull, not being able to attend, sent letters of apology and their best wishes for the success of the gathering. The viands being dispatched the loyal toasts were given by the Chairman, alter which the present crisis through which the town is passing in the matter of the proposed sale of the docks to the North-Eastern Railway Co. was freely commented on by the local legislators, in replying to the toast of the Mayor and Corporation, but as they are not at present proposing to turn the docks into model yacht ponds, our friends in other towns will not be disappointed if we do not report fully what was said on the momentous question of the sale of the docks. ‘The Albert Model Yacht Club ” was proposed by the Chairman, who eulogised the sport, and responded to by the Commodore, Mr. J. H. Hobbs, by whom was given a most encouraging account of the year’s work done by the club, and a relation of the triumphs it has achieved in inter-club matches. Myr. Hobbs is the newly-elected Commodore and was much applauded. Mr, A. McMillan proposed ‘‘ Kindred Clubs” in most cordial and friendly terms, and hoped that the three Hull clubs would be able to arrange a series of matches for the coming year, and that such matches would be arranged on the understanding that the course would be a dead thrash to windward in a good breeze. My. T. A. Bruce responded on behalf of the Kingston Club, acknowledged the very cordial sentiments of the proposer of the toast, and assured the Albert Club that nothing should be wanting on his part to assist in arranging the inter-elub matches, as the same desire was in his mind that such matches should be held, and he had AND CANOEIST. intended to suggest the very idea that had been expressed by Mr. McMillan. Mr. Bruce also spoke vigorously in favour of the sport, and passed in review the progress it has made throughout the all world, concluding with the promise of a prize for competition during 1892. Mr. Bell responded on behalf of the East Hull Club, and assisted in advocating the proposed matches. The Chairman then distributed the prizes, which were a handsome collection of timepieces, jewellery and useful articles. Mr. Commodore Hobbs taking 7, Mr. Farr 6, whilst Mr. Lilley took 3, Mr. Skow 2, and Mr. Negs 1. Mr, A. Grassam K.M.Y.C., responded to the toast of ‘‘The Visitors,’ in terms which were much applauded, and proposed the toast of ‘“‘The Ladies’ which Mr. Wm. Bruce, Hon. Treasurer K. M. Y.C. acknowledged in a neat speech, and which the fair ones would have thoroughly approved if they had been there to listen. Mr. Tucker, the energetic Hon. See. of the Albert Club, received a special vote for his valuable labors, and suitably acknowledged it. Mr. T. A. Bruce was thanked for taking the Chair on retirement of Councillor Charlesworth, and the evening’s proceedings moved on ina thoroughly enjoyable manner, the speeches being interspersed with songs and recitations both amusing and pathetic. Deings ofF the Chrbs. Reports for publication must be legibly written, on one side of the paper o/y, and forwarded to the Epiror not later than the 2oth of each month, to ensure insertion in the following issue, Corinthian (London) M. Y. C.—On the 6th Feby. a match for a sweepstake was arranged ior 10-tonners, when the following competed :— ‘Dragon,’ Mr. Hugo, 424 x 7; ‘Sprite,’ Mr. Barraclough, 384 x 8; ‘Pearl,’ Mr. Pendlebury, 434x 7. There was only a light breeze from W. by 5. at starting, and as it gradually fell off only 10 heats could be finished. ‘Dragon’ had the best of it, but ‘Pearl’ (a new boat) did very well indeed when the breeze was steady, and there can be no doubt about her being a great accession to the club when her owner gets her fairly in trim, the scoring was :—Dragon,’ 18 points ; ‘Pearl,’ 9 points ; ‘Sprite,’ 8 points. ‘Dragon’ took first and ‘Pearl’ second prize. On 13th Feby. one of the club prizes and a second from entrance fees was sailed for by ‘Dora,’ Mr. Harris, 42x 7; ‘Dragon,’ Mr. Hugo, 491 x 7; ‘Pearl,’ Mr. Barraclough, 424x 7. It was blowing very strong from N. by H. giving a broad reach down and a close haul-up the pond, so all had their third suits on, and some very interest- THE MODEL-YACHTSMAN ing sailing was done, especially by ‘Dragon’ and ‘Pearl,’ the latter doing first rate, shewing great speed when fairly underway, but having had several bad fouls ‘Dragon’ was again winner of first prize, the scores being :—‘Dora,’ 4 points ; ‘Dragon,’ 20 points; ‘Pearl,’ 12 points A meeting was afterwards held to consider the new rule of measurement proposed by Mr. Burgess, and some correspondence was read from several of the principal yacht builders and architects with reference toit. There were several new rules suggested by the latter, and it may interest mode} yachtsinen to have particulars. One was L x B—making 50 the factor, which would give the choice of the following dimensions for 10-tonners.—38 x 12, 89 x 11, 40 x 10, 41 x 9, 42x 8,43 x 7, 44x 6, canvas draught and weight unlimited. Another was L x Bx D making 200 the factor, thus 40 tons = 8000 sq. ft.; 20 tons= 4000 sq. ft.; 10 tons = 2000 sq. ft. Canvas and weight unlimited, so that for a 10-ton model the following sizes would work out. L.W.L, beam. 36-0 38-0 88-0 40-0 40-0 49-0 49-0 8-0 7-0 8-0 7-0 8-0 7-0 8-0 Draught. 6-li 7-6 6-7 7-14 6-3 6-93 5-11 Of course many other dimensions could be got, but these are the most likely for models. Another suggestion was, for instance :— L.W.L. Sail area. Weight. 36 1200 7b. 40 1080 27 1b. All the gentlemen referred to were unanimous in thinking that some new rule was necessary, and the different systems suggested would make good boats, but it was agreed to consider ail carefully before finally deciding as to which the C.M.Y.C. would adopt. George M.Y.C. (London). — The Annual General Meeting was held in the boat-house, Kensington Gardens, on Saturday, January 2nd, 1892, Mr. Tylee, Commodore, in the chair. The minutes of the last General Meeting were read and passed, and the treasurer’s report showing a most satisfactory balance in hand. Fifteen matches were sailed by the club last season in the three classes. The officers were then elected for 1892: President, Capt. Jones; VicePresident, A. W. i. Allen, Esq.; Commodore, B.J. Collyer, Esq. Vice-Commodore, W. W. Greenhill, Esq.; Hon. Secretary, E. Tylee, Esq,; Hon. Treasurer, B. J. Collyer, Esq.; Auditor, C. J. Collyer, isq.; A. Cuidlane, Hsq., and F. Tatchell, Esq., were also chosen to serve on the AND CANOEIST. 45 committee, The club has had a inost satisfactory season, aud a new boat-house will add greatly to the comfort of the club in 1892, when good sport is expected. Newcastle Af. Y.C.—The members of the above club and their friends had their annual tea and distribution of prizes, at their club room, Scotswood Road. There was a large number of inembers and their friends, the large hall being filed. Councillor Laird in the absence of the president (Alderman Dr. Newton) presided, and on the platform were Councillor Weidnor, and the officers of the club. Afuzer the good things were partaken of the chairman ealled on the secretary to read his annual report, which showed that the last year was very successful : the members still keep on the increase in numbers ; there were 29 prizes won during the season; anda sinall balance to carry to next year’s account. The report was unanimously adopted, and a vote of thanks passed to the secretary. The chairman, in an interesting speech, pointed out the good done in the country by clubs as means to forward techuical education, and amid sound applause stated his intention, along with his friends, to do all in their power to see that better accommodation was provided for the purpose of model yacht sailing in the city of Newcastle. The concert was then proceeded with, and the singing was of a highclass, and brought down the applause of those present, the songs being well sung by Miss Mitchell, Miss Stott, Mr. Laverick, Mr. Johns, Mr. J. Murray, Mr. A. Murray and others. At an interval, Councillor Weidnor presented the prizes, and in the course of his remarks referred to some correspondence which has taken place in the local papers, and said that it did seem strange that yachtsmen had to carry their yachts to Hexham before they could get a sheet of water large enough for an inter-club match, and said he would do his best to remedy such a state of things, and he was glad to see such a long list of prize-givers which contained such names as Ald. Hammond, P. Watts, Esq., Ald. Newton, D. F. Black, Ksq., J. Sutton, Esq., Councillor Harris, Mr. Perrat, Mr. Carter, Mr. Thompson and others, and he would be glad to add his name tothe list. After votes of thanks were passed to all who had contributed to the entertainment the hall was cleared for dancing, which was kept up till early morning. Lowestoft M, Y.C.—Your correspondent in his interesting letter on Names of models, mentions ‘Happy New Year’; she is the model of a beach yawl with three lugs, and was made by my father in 1860, and named after a new yawi that 46 . MODEL-YACHTSMAN canmie home on New Year’s day of that year, thus There had been two yawls of that name before, celebrated for saving life and property at Lowes- ‘Our Boys’ is a 10-ton cutter, and as I have three boys all fond of yachting, my wife suggested “Our Boys” as a very appropriate name, all being members of the club. We have ‘Sequah’ named after the celebrated American who made such marvellous cures some time ago. ‘Prairie Flower’ named after that gentleman’s patent medicine. ‘Mother Seigel’ after the soothing syrup so much celebrated. also ‘No Name’ the last new the fifteens. The racing was very keen, the boards being won by inches or feet only, and We have rarely more than a couple of yards separated all ten in our Club. three craft. Wind W.S. W. and moderate, a three-quarter trim. Score: ‘Isis’ 18; ‘formosa’ 11; ‘Mischief? 7. Umpire, Mr. Hale. ‘Coralyne’ was named after the correspondent of one of our Local Papers, which under the title of ‘Me’ and ‘Coralyne,’ gives some hard knocks at our public and other noted persons of the town. ‘St. Margaret’ named after the patron saint of Lowestoft, also the Parish Church and College. ‘Success’ is an appropriate name for a model, also “Thought’ and ‘Glance’, Prince’ isa loyal name. beach yawls. ‘Young These last four are Many of our models are named CANOEIST the ‘Amy’s’ skipper, Mr. Lewis being too-unwell to compete, ‘Mischief,’ which was looked upon as the winner, started the scoring; ‘Formosa,’ in the very best of form, began to pile up a score; but it is the unexpected that always happens, and ‘Isis,’ beautifully sailed, got home first at the seventh board and astonished the onlookers by scoring five firsts out of six boards. Twelve boards were sailed within the hour, our top record; the previous list being eleven, sailed by commemorating the day and arrival of the boat. toft. AND fort of Plymouth Mf. Y. C.—The members of | this Club have been very busy during the past four months, the rules of the principal clubs have been obtained, and a set of rules drawn up, based on them, and will be in the office of the Model- Yachtsman & Canoeist shortly for priuting. The club has decided to adopt the ‘6000 Y.R.A.” rule of measurement, and to encourage the alter flowers, as ‘Pansy,’ ‘Ivy Leaf,’ ‘Daisy,’ and ‘May Blossom.’ One is named ‘Waveney,’ after a river-near Lowestoft. We have a very ancient craft named ‘Pearl’ owned by our oldest model yachtsman. The yacht is over 40 and “Impregnable’’ is the president, and other influential gentlemen of the town are amongst the ‘Rum’un’ belonging to officers. A deputation consisting of Vice-Commodore Watson, Esq., J. Hill, Hsq., one of the the owner is over 70. I know a schooner called Mr. Bidele of London. We have one called E.G.Y., the initials of one of the junior members. A study of the various names is a subject ofinterest. ‘Trusting to hear more on the subject, Yours truly, F. J. Tansley. Serpentine M.Y.C. (London ).—On Jan. 16th, the Annual General Meeting of the Club was held at the boat-house; Mr. Cooper in the chair. The usual satisfactory balance sheet was submitted to the meeting, the balance to be carried forward, however, being smaller than usual, this being due to the heavy list of matches got through in 1891. After the usual business had been transacted, the meeting broke up with the customary vote of thanks to the officers. The following are the officers for the current year :— Commodore, Col. J. B. Sterling; Vice-Commodore, ‘T’. G. Ross, Hsq.; Rear-Commodore, W. F. Watts, Hsq.; Committee, Messrs. Cooper, Hale, Hammond, Sanders and Winter; Hon. Secretary and Treasurer, Mr. G. Hale. On Feb. 6th, after several week’s delay, owing to the frost, want of wind, fog and rain, the final heat for a prize presented by Mr. Winter was sailed off, and, perhaps, the best ten-ton race ever sailed on the water was the result. Out of four tens eligible, only three started: ‘Isis’ Mr. Sanders; ‘Formosa’ Mr. Cooper; ‘Mischief’ Mr. Roper ; sailing of 5, 10, 15, 20, and a class of “ over 20tons”, Captain Somerset, R.N., of H. M. Ship Committee, and the Hon. Sec. W. F. Behenna, Hsq., was received by the ‘‘Three Towns Joint Committee,” who have the arranging of the plans of the new pleasure grounds on the site of the old Deadlake; the said committee stating that the request for a Pond, the size of which (based on an average of all the Model Yacht Ponds in England) about 200 yards x 70 yards, to be made as near as practicable, consistent with other interests. next A meeting is to be called week to arrange preliminaries for the coming season, and to complete the rules for printing, also to receive the resignation of the Hon. Secretary Mr. W. F. Behenna, who leaves England for Jamaica early in March. Mr. Behenna took the initiative in.starting the Port of Plymouth M. Y.C. last year, and intends if possible to start a similar club at Jamaica, provided the sharks, which infest Port Royal, will not take a fancy to the models, by way of aiding their digestion. ©@ —Bronzes for Model Yaehts’ bottoms Sronze. easily applied—form a good smooth hard — = ~~ surface—and add to the appearance, Post-free, in ros. Packets: GOLD, Ve. 7, Od; . Me. 2,10d. Copper, 1s. Address, Alpha, this office. THE , a¥* ghar , MODEL-YACHTSMAN AND CANOEIST. > -* ULUYLESPOMOLITEL, Letters must bear the name and address of the writer, (not necessarily for publication), Anonymous letters and enquiries will not be acknowledyved, All communications to be addressed to THE Eprror, Dear Sir,—I regret to find that my brother ModelYachtsmen take very little interest in the future of the 15-rating class. I suppose the fact is that the class is not yet very universal and consequently unknown to the majority of your readers. There seems very little doubt that in time the system of measurement by tonnage will disappear in favour of some surt of rating measurement. Whether any sort of restriction as to weight or length accompanies it or not is a question that ought to be thrashed out before such a rule becomes universal, so that if limits ofany sort are to be imposed builders and designers may be aware of them. It is not easy to find out the weak points that all rating Consequently IT should, in common with all your readers, be grateful to those who are enterprising enough to make these experiments and publish the results. With regard to the fifteen raters my experience leads me io believe that they are rapidly nearing our eld 20-tonners in dimensions. I know that 20-tonners of the moclerate type are being sailed against boats built to the rating rule with success, whilst in some instances good 1%-raters are debarred from sailing with 20-tonners on account of being over measureme t. This being so leads to confusion, and is bad for the sport. The fact is that the model wants less canvas in proportion to her size than the real boat, whilst the very general disuse of spinnakers and running sails gives more area to mainsails and head sails. Hence the scale of measurement to proportion of the real 15 or 20-raters are no guide to the Model Yachtsman, and the most successful models are invariably longer in proportion to their rating than the real yachts—in some cases to a very large percentage. For instance a successful 15-rating model that I know is q5in. l.w.l., whilst some of the most successful 20-raters amongst the real yachts are only a trifle over 46ft. lw.1. This being so may I venture to suggest that Io-rating instead of 12 or 124 as proposed in your article last month would be more likely to be of use in retaining the best of our 1O-tonners, for it is pretty certain that the Io-rating racing model of the future will not be much less than 4oin. iw.i. thus including by far the larger proportion of old 1o-tonners in each club, whilst the very long. boats in this class would bein a happy position under reduced canvas, although somewhat crippled in light weather, It is pretty generally admitted by all hands that a boat goin. l.w.l. by 46in. or 48in. over allis plenty big enough to carry about to inter-club contests, and also big enough to give the very best of sport Of course one would design something rather different from a 10-tonner when guing in for a 10-rater, but some of the old 384 x 8 and 40 x 74 tonnage boats will be found tough customers to tackle in some weathers even by a good rater, very like the latest style Windermere yacht ‘‘ Janira,” very hollow garboards, and high bilge with a very low centre of gravity of lead keel. But she is only a moderate boat under the rule, as sail area and beam is unlimited, Yours very truly, ALBERT STRANGE. Manchester, Feb. 15th, 1892. Tue Epviror, The Afodel- Yachtsman. or tonnage rules possess except by practice. 47 2 I have heen sketching outa design for a boat under the rule proposed by Mr. Burgess, rear commodore of the Corinthian (London) M.Y.C., and find that it will give rather a big sized boat though of light displacement. These are the dimensions I have fixed upon as being a very moderate specimen of the class.–Length l.w.]. 42in.; length over all 5310.3 breadth 1 w.}, 11in.; breadth on deck 12in.3; mean draft 84in.; extreme draft I1in.; area midship section 26 sq. ins.; displacement 234lbs.; lead keel 184Ibs. sail area No, I suit 2400 sq. in. Her midship section is THE Eprror, A/odel- Vachtsmat. DEAR Sin,—Herewith, as promised, I send particulars of one of the Manchester club’s steam fleet. you Your former correspondent can get fuller details direct from our steam members, I may say that such steamers, boilers and engines, as Manchester and to be bought in shops, are strong and Liverpool clubs use, are never They are made by their owners, highly finished. No shop-keeper could get the price fur them, merely charging workmen’s time. Some of the Liverpool steamers burn Jamps, but Manchester burn charcoal or coal. The quickest runningI remember was at Manchester, when Mr. Goldthorp’s ‘Electra’ ran 1,000: yards in about nine minutes: this included the time required to turn her four times. Mr. storey’s ‘Stork’ ran a good second One of our members I regret to say has had to go to live in the South, as he was the life and soul of our steamer members. He had a very beautiful steam model, 6ft. by Ioins., named.‘ The Maid of Kent,” the only successful Model Paddle Steam Yacht Lever saw: she was very fast, had feathering floats, &c,, &c, The following are the particulars of Steam Yacht ‘* Sto:k,” designed, built and owned by H, Storey, Esq. HULL 7ft. 3gin., 12ms. beam, torpedo type, planked, diagonally double, of cedar. Displacement roolbs. when in working order. BOILER, capper, locomotive type. fire grate 40 sq. ins., fire box 200 cubic ins. capacity, burns charcoal fuel, barrel Sin, diameter with 4§4in, tubes 6ins. long. ENGINE, single cylinder, inverted vertical, with cylinder 2kin. lebe. DELHI, Canada.—Particulars wanted, W. S. Crysler, Delhi, Ont., Canada. DUMBARTON.—Tonnage—Y.RB.A. D. Forsyth, 54, Glasgow-road. EDGBASTON (Birmingham).—Weight. Station–Meadow Park; Station-—Edgbaston Canal Reservoir, L. B. Chatwin, Wellington House, Wellington-road, Edgbaston, Birmingham. Eniarged from Negative by RE. Workman, ‘* BIRDIE.” {(P. L. WATERLOW, CaPrain.) THE MODEL-YACHTSMAN EXE,-—Tonnage—L. & 5. A, Station.—Turf. Arthur Kempe, M.D., 14, Southernhay, E., Exeter. FOWEY,—Length, |.w.1. Station —Fowey Harbour. W. 5S. Lacey, Fore-street GLASGOW.—Tonnage.—“4”” Rule. Station —Hillhead Pong. Robt. 5. Nicholson, 49, Lumsden-street, Overnewton. Alexandra—L. & 8. A.” Rule. ‘tation—Alexandra W. Ramsay. 142, Comely Park-street. Park, Glasgow. GOOLE.—Tonnage—Y.R.A. aud Handicap by Manchester Rule. Station—Ravweliffe Brick Ponds. J. S. Simpson, 8, Albert-street. GATESHEAD,—Tonnage—Y.R.A. J. Wilson, 44, Whitehall Road. GUERNSEY.~-Tonnage—Y.RB.A. ; Station—Gateshead Park. Station—Model Yacht Pond. J, B. Randell, Allez-street, GREENOCK.—Tonnage—‘‘94” Rule. R. McNair, Junr., 10, Antigua-street, GRIMSBY.—Tonnage—Y.R.A, CANOEIST. 53 SOUTH SHIELDS.—Tonnage—VY.B.A, T. T. Anderson, 7, Albion-terrace. Station Exelsior—Tonnage ‘1730’ and Length. ; Station.—Sonth Marine Park, T. 8. Downey, 16, Saville Street, SHEERNESS—1730 rule. 10, 15, and 20 tons, D, Lewis, 28, \lma Street, Marine Town. ICARBOROUGH.—Tonnage 1730, 10 aud 20-tons, also Weight class. Station—The Mere, J. W. Blakey, 29, Westborough. SUNDERLAND.—Station, Roker Park,—1730 rule and L. and S.A. R. Marlborough, 11 Brookland Road, Sunderland. WELLINGTON (New Zealand ).—Tonnage—* 1200″ Rule. G, Norton, Wellington, N.Z, Station—The Harbour. WATERFORD.—-Length—1730 rule. F. H. Alexander, Newtown School, Waterford. Station—Alexandria Dock. DY Seeretary’s name and address wanted. HULL.—Kingston—Length taken on I.w.1.; also 10-ton class ¥.R.A. > ANI] Station—Club Lake, Inglemire Lane, Beverley Road. J. R. Windsor, Bankside, Seulcoates. . Hast Hull.—17%0 rule, Station.-—East Park. E, Driffield, 108, arundel – treet, Holderness Road. Albert—Tonnage—Y.R.A, 5. L. Tueker, Belgrave Terrace, Rosamond Street. HARRINGTON. —Sailing Rules, ¥.R.A BRITISH CANOE CLUBS. Station – Harrington Reservoir. J. A. Young, Gas Works, Harrington, Cumb. JABROW & HEBBURN: — Tonnage—Y.R.A, Station Hall Lake. G, Johnson, 31, Caroline-street, Jarrow-on-Tyne. KINGSTOWN (Ireland.j—Tonnage, Y.R.A. Station—Kinestown Harbor. L. H. Douglas, 6, Marine-road. ~— Hebburn LEEDS8.—Tonnage—Y.R.A. R. Wrimesley, 60, Camp-road. LOWESTOFT.—Length and Tonnage. Station.—North Dene Councilior T. Thertle and J. Symes, B.N, Marine Chambers, London Road. LONDON.—George—Length on l.w.l.; L.&S8.A. also 10-ton Y.R. Station– Round Pond, Kensington Gardens, E. Tylee, 44, Oxford Square. Hyde Park. Dulwich.—Length!.w.l, and ¥.R.A. 10 and 5 tons only. station—Peckham Rye . R. H. Lanchester, 141, Malpas Road, Broekley, §.E. ROYAL C.C.—T.G.F. Winger, Sec., 72, Mark Lane, London MERSEY C.C.—Perey Cox, Mate, C 9, Exchange Bldgs., Liverpool. CLYDE C.C.—H. Kk. Bromhead, Sec., 245, St. Vincent-st., Glasgow. WEAR C.C.—T. 0. Todd, Sec., 7, Winifred-te rrace, Sunderiand. NITH C.C.—See., name wanted, Maxwelltown, Dumfries. HUMBER YAWL CLUB—G.F. Holmes, Mate, Hlim Lodge, Hornsea, TYNE C.C.—Rowland Dodd, Sec., Neville Hall, Newcastle. BRITISH CANOE ASSCCIATION.—P. Nisbet, Sec., 1, Water-Lane, Great Tower-street, City. (The B.C.A. is established for the promotion of cruises and meets, whereby canoeists of the United Kingdom, irrespective of clubs, may unite for the purpose of cruising and camping.) SUNDERLAND C.C.-—J.Stephenson, Sec., 28, Chester-rd., Sunderland THAMES CAMPING & BOATING ASSOCIATION.— Anthony Walter, Hon. Sec., 14, Duke Street, Adelphi, 8.W, NORTHERN CC.—F. BE. Hindhaugh, »e:. treas., Woodbine Villa, Elswick Road, Newcastle. Corrections Solicited, M. Y. Sailing Association—Length taken on Lw.1, Station—Round Pond, Kensington Gardens, J. Pollard, 32, Spring-st., Paddington. Victoria—Length, taken overall and on I.w.l. EDITORIAL NOTES AND COMMENTS. Station—Victoria Park, W.S. Melville, 16, Frederic-place, Bow, E. ANOEIST” is fortunate in the possession of friends— Highgate—Boats handicapped by weight, St ition—Highgate Ponds. H. P. Reynoldson, 2 Beaconsfield-ter., Archway-rd,, H’gate Phoenix—Tonnage-—-1730 rule— Clapam Common, 8.W. Station.—Long Pond would were John Maival, 1, The Crescent, Chapham Common. LLANDUDNO.—Length. Station—Llandudno Bay. >. Melsom, Post-Oftice. LIVERPOOL.—Tonnage—Y.R.A., with limited depth and minimum freeboard. Station—Sefton Park Lake R, Richmond, 95, Townesend Lane, Anfield, Liverpool. MED W AY.—Chatham.— Tonnage Y.R.A. trom experiences in the evolu- J. H. Read, 8, Gorst Street, New Brompton. tion of fittings or designs, MARYPORT, Cumberland.—Tonnage—Y.R.A, Station.—Craneswater, Southsea. their number time to time give to their 14%» fellows, through its col“umns, the result of their MAXWELL.—John H. Neave, Blairbeg, 82, Dalziel Drive, Pollckshields. J. W. Hodgson, 20, North-street. MOOQRAGH.—Particulars wanted. MANCHESTER,.—Length, taken on ].wl.; also 10-ton class, Y.B.A. Station—Print Works Reservoir, Levenshulme. RW. Gill, Green Hill, Edgley, Stockport. MOOR PARK (New South Wales.)—Length, taken from stem-head to inside of rndder head on deck; also overall. J.M. Donaldson, 22, Myrtle-street, 8S. Sydney, N.S.W NEWCASTLE WEST END,—Tonnage—Y.R.A. P. McGill, 19, Hamsterley-rd., Neweastle-on-Tyne. PHILADELPHIA, U,8.A.—Length overall, HE. W. Fowler, 3426, Walnut-street, Philadelphia, Pa. PORT GLASGOW,.—Tonnage ‘94 Rule. Station.—Lower Dougtiehill Pond. J. Brash, 5, William Street. PORTSMOUTH. Tonnage Y.R.A. and length 1.w.1,} that greater —who or the narratives of their eLulses But this number of the paper is especially fortunate, inasmuch as our readers this month have given to them (with the lines of the Birdie) one of the finest canoeing photos we ever had the good fortune to cast eyes on. —_O0— ‘The picture was presented to the paper by the owner of the ‘ Birdie,’ and shows that craft under Capt. Haldane—Wolverton House, Lennox Road, Southsea. PORT OF PLYMOUTH.—Particulars Wanted. W. I. Behenna, 30, St. Aubyn Street, Devonport. RYDE, (1-W.)—Length, taken from stem-head to stern-post, on deck, Station.—Canoe Lake, G. Beazley, Ryde Dispensary. SOUTHPORT.—Tonnage—Y.H.A. with depth and freeboard limits, her large suit of bafter sails (17ft. mainmast) being sailed by Messrs. Paul Waterlow and G. Webster (of Stella) on the Welsh Harp at Hendon. J. C. Smith, 60, Sefton-street. S30U THSHA.—Lencth ,1.w.1, Station—Cranes water. John Whitty, 27, Cleveland-road. hardly afford a repetition of this treat, but never- Station—Marine Park Lake. —_o— We fear that the finances of the Canoezst¢ will theless take this opportunity of putting in a word 54 THE MODEI-YACHTSMAN to our subscribers, and to those who do not at © present take the paper, viz., that a considerable increase in circulation would not only add to the usefulness of the paper in the promotion canoeing, but would also allow expenditure on its illustrations. of of increased —_—0O— AND The first CANOEIST. and second of these were passed unanimously, and the third was passed after a long discussion, some of the second class owners feeling it hard that by the alteration of this rule carvel built canoes will be allowed to race with clench built under same conditions. There are two new sharpies on the stocks now, From a report printed in another column, it will and these are both to be carvel, but their future be seen that the N.C.C. have ‘cut the Gordian Knot’ in resolving to permit sliding seats, the use owners seem disinclined to race this season with second class unless time allowance be given to the latter. Their dimensions are 16ft. x 3oin. x r1in. of 130 sq. ft. of sail, and the employment of either the carvel or clench method of building for canoes competing tn their races. This we think _amove in the right direction, as the more closely our measurement rules approach those in use in America, the more likely is renewal of international racing. —_—O-—- It seems certain, from the reports which reach us here, that the sliding seat (in the States) is a feature which has “come to stay,” an| if, as we are assured, it is not merely a racing device, but a useful cruising adjunct, it will have to be admitted here sooner or later. For this reason, the experiment which has been decided on by the energetic young club on the Tyne, wil) be watched with interest by the canoeists of Great Britain. To those who intend to try the “slider,” however, a word of warning may not be out of place. It is this; the immensely increased leverage exerted by the new position, unless the canoe be either built or specially strengthened to stand the. strain, will be likely to cause serious breakdowns in hull, Spars or gear. “A word to the wise is sufficient.” NORTHERN NOTES. The Annual Meeting of the above club was held at the Royal Exchange Hotel, Newcastle, E. Hindhaugh; mate, L. bulkheads in well will be same, they will carry racing sail of 130 and 120 sq. ft., and both will have cruising suits of 7sft., all being modified sliding gunters. ‘The lines are from the pen of G. U. Laws, and they will be built by Finn, Isleworth, The club has suffered severely lately through the migration of three of its most active members to the south. The first to set the bad example was ‘Prucas’ (G. U. Laws), fol owed shortly by ‘Cockyollybird’ (J. A. Youl) e€x-captain, then the new ‘Thetis’ (J. May). The loss is felt most acutely as their attendance at the boat-house was “as regular as clock-work.” Record of Club Races. Starts. Ist. ‘Amethyst? 7 ‘Sunbeam’ = 7 2 I 2nd. I I 3rd. 2 Marks. 22 22 ‘Cluny’ 9 2 I fo) 20 ‘Argonauv’ 8 I 2 ° 18 ‘Rulrush’ ‘Elna’ 5 5 ° ° 3 oO fe) E4 8 The results are obtained by reckoning four narks for first, three for second, two for third, and one for entry. on Friday, Feb. rgth. In the absence of the commodore, Dr. Geo. Richardson took the chair. The secretary and mate’s reports were read and adopted. After the election of three new members the. election of officers for the ensuing year took place as follows :—Commodore, Jno, E, McPherson (re-elected) ; vice-commodore, R. M. Richardson ; captain, built all of spruce. Their cruising qualities will not be interfered with, the usual 6ft. space between McPherson ; sec. treas., F. E. Hindhaugh; official measurer, W. C. le B. Foley. The following alterations of rules were brought forward and passed, proposed by G. U. Laws, seconded by J. A. Youl :— I. That deck seats be allowed, to extend beyond the sides of the canoe, not exceeding its own width. II. That the sail area for first class canoes be not more than 130 sq. ft. III. That in rule 26 (second class canoes) the words “and to be clench built” (plank edges overlapping and forming lands) be eliminated. BRITISH CANOE ASSOCIAITION. The Annual Meet of the above Association will be held this year at the Menai Straits, commenc- ing Aug. 15th, and terminating offically Aug. 29th. TheCamp will be situated on the Island of Cadnant. Full details will be sent to each Member, of all matters connected with this Meet. A B.C.A. Camp Fire, preceded by a Dinner will take place on March r&th, at Anderton’s Hotel, Fleet St., London. Dinner will be served at 6-30 p.m. Members intending to be present should advise the Hon. Secretary not later than March 15th, and state if they propose to bring friends or not. The Hon. Secretary will be glad to receive the names of any members who are willing to assist at the Camp Fire in the musical line, either vocal or instrumental, and such intimation should be sent to him as soon as possible. THE MODEL-YACHTSMAN LONDON NOTES, By MAvrLy, We are sorry we made a reference toanew yawl. was designed by Mr. H. C. not by Mr. Theo. Smith as —_—-O—- doubt shali see her competing in the first race on Hendon, when we wish her every success, —-O-— Turk, of Kingston, is building two yawls from an able design by Mr. Warrington Baden Powell, one for Mr. Percival Calkin and the other for Mr. Garnett. Mr. Turk is also building a yawl for Mr. Rodewald from a design of the future owner. —O-— We are very pleased to hear that three com- petitors are coming from Oxford for the Challenge Cup, and we give them a hearty welcome. The contingent consists of Mr. Walter Stewart, who will sail the ‘Whizz,’ and Messrs. Hinckley and Croxall in two new sharpie canoes. These sharpie canoes are sister boats, the only difference in them being (we are told) that one has a yellow metal centre board and the other a galvanized one. They are called ‘‘sharpies,” but we do not think it is quite the proper term to apply, for these boats have canoe bows, the bilge is slightly rounded and of course they have a sharp stern. The only apparent reason for their being called sharpies appears to be their midship section. —0–— The 12-footers are well towards being facts, one designed by Mr. Geo. F. Holmes, of Hornsea, and Mr. R. de Q. Quincey is already on the stocks and will be owned by Mr. David Waterlow. She will be called the ‘Meteor.’ The other is designed by Mr. Chas. Bathurst, of Tewkesbury, the well-known boat builder, and is for Mr. R. de Q. Quincey, her name is not yet decided, but she. will not be called ‘Atalanta.’ She will follow the ‘Meteor’ on the stocks, but we doubt whether she will be ready in time for the first R.C.C. race. They are both building at Tewkesbury. —_o-— proceedings commenced with a nice dinner. 55 of Mr, Warrington Baden Powell with reference to This yawl is on the stocks down at Hammersmith, and her sails are already finished, so we no Criterion, on Tuesday, 23rd Feby., at 6.30. CANOEIST. canoe yawls. mistake 1n last isstte in The yawl in question Smith, of Oxford, and stated. The R.C.C. Spring Meeting was held at AND the The Mr, Baden Powell proposed the only toast, namely “The Queen.” The secretary then read the minutes of the last meeting, which were agreed to. The regatta programme was then brought forward, and after a few alterations was passed. We do not give the programme, but will wait until next month, when we shall be able to give a copy of the official one. The next business was the proposals by Mr. This motion after being seconded Rodewald and after discussion negatived. was —o— With reference to the Regatta Programme may state that the Royal Canoe Club we Challenge Cup will be held at Hendon, on June rith, at three o’clock, and the Regatta will be held at Kingston, on Friday 24th and Saturday 25th June. ‘Two special prizes (first and second) have been offered by Mr. S. F. Staples for a race for canoes fitted with sliding seats, and we hope this generosity will produce a good entry. Mr. J. H. Dettmar Todd offers prizes for first second and third class canoes and canoe yawls limited to 75 sq. ft. of canvas; this race no doubt will prove whether the first class canoes are really so much faster than the second class. —oQ— We trust every subscriber to this paper will use his best endeavours to get new subscribers; if we can double the present number of subscribers we shall hope to be able to give photo supplements at least three times a year. Please send the subscriptions to Street, Hull. Mr. Thomas Grassam, 161, High THAMES NOTES. The Thames has been well to the fore in the flood line this winter, but, by the beginning of February, the river at Kingston was at about its normal level, Tempted by sunshine and a balmy south-wester, I launched my canoe forthe first time this year. The stream was fast, and a house-boat stranded at Ditton, about five feet above the water level, testified to the severity of the late floods. . My destination was Cherry Orchard, a short distance above Platt’s Ait, Hampton, where is to be seen an old dug-out canoe, or rather the greater part of one, recently fished up from the river bed. This interesting relic, of which I enclose a rough sketch, is about 12 feet in length, with a beam not much under 3 feet as it now stands. This con- siderable beam is most possibly due to the craft “spreading” with age. [see page 58.] The finder told me that he had hopes of recover- ing the missing end of the canoe, which would add some 2ft. to the length. He recollected dredging it up five or six years ago, and throwing it into an old gravel pit, now partly built upon, after an unsuccessful attempt to use it as fuel. @Morrvespondenece, THE Epiror, 7he Canoeist. Sir,—-I should like to ask ‘‘ Selene,” who seems to think that the only use fora canoe is to sail on such places as 56 THE MODEL-YACHTSMAN Hendon lake, first, whether he has ever had to scull on a dark night down a narrow river teeming with traffic? er second, to land at dusk ona strange coast at low tide, with a dirty look out seaward and no one to help him to get his boat above high water Jevel thirty yards up? or thirdly, anchored in a quiet little cove at high water and next morning found an impassable (for a canoe yawl) barrier of rocks, and seaweed, stretching for fifty yards twixt him and the water, which is due to reach him in six hour’s time, putting all thoughts of utilizing the tide in making the next port out of the question? or fourthly, has he ever wanted to go for a sail but been unable to because he can’t find anyone to help him out with his boat? or fifthly, wanted to get in again under similar circumstances, the last train being due in 20 minutes? &c., &e. I fancy it would be the yawler who would ‘‘ provoke a smile” from the canoeman under such circumstances. I have sailed canoes and yawls of many kinds, and unhesitatingly state my opinion that the latter. is not a patch upon the former as an ‘‘all round” craft. Take the cases mentioned above, they are contingencies that are always Jiable to happen to the ardent cruiser, and I have experienced them frequently myself, but always, thank goodness, in a canoe. Had it been in a yawl in the first case T would probably have lost my boat, not being able to see thro’ the back of my head ; in the second I would have lost my rest while guarding her from the advancing tide and storm ; in the third my tide and my rendezvous ; and in the fourth and fifth my temper and my train. However, I only had a poor little despised canoe, and therefore lost nothing but some old cobwebs, gathered in the city, and I did’nt miss them much. No, there are several other places besides Hendon where the canoe can easily hold her own. Yawls, in my opinion, are fine boats, and I would be the last to grudge them their popularity. As sea boats they are second to none of anything approaching their size; as long distance deep water cruisers they cannot be touched ; but while they continue to be more than twice the weight of a canoe, to say nothing of the unhandy dimensions of most of them for training, it is useless for them to claim the allround properties of the true canoe. The ‘‘Ethels” and the much abused, though innocent “Snake” tribe, come nearest, but, in my opinion, they are still wanting. Yours, &c., Prucas, N.C.C., B.C.A,. Buenos Ayres, Aug. 25th, 1891. THE Epiror, 7%e Caneeis¢, Es * * * Dear Sir,– * : 4 = My canoe ‘Anonyma’ is one meter (38in.) broad, and I prefer paddling her from deck seat rather than sculling. We continually read about water dripping off paddles, drip cups, &c. My paddles have, for some 10 years past, all had shape of sketch. {Fig 1) Water never runs down shaft, but drips off the edge and points A. In dipping and taking out of water my paddles never give that disagreeable splash, which car shaped (flat) paddles always do, making noise and wetting crew if least wind is blowing. AND CANOEIST. The point C is kept thick and strong for shoving off (oar shaped split to pieces when so used), and at A and B wood is also strong so that paddle may be used as a hook when travelling under branches of trees, ropes, dc. Besides, it’s by that point I hang them up at home and lay them into the paddle rest(Fig 2)on deck. I wever usea spoon bladed paddle. KEEFS.—My sails are provided with single reef-lines lying alternatively right and left of sail, passing through sewn holes (no eyelets from one side to the other. I find this plan (Fig 3) answers better than the Yankee double line or the British curtain rings. Sail lies very snug half each side of batten or boom, making no bag or irregular folds. I don’t put battens in pockets any longer, but tie the sail to battens, which have blocks, &c., fixed tothem. (Explanation Fig 3.) R.L, = Reef Line; $. = Block attached to batten; B. =Batten. Just recently I tried anew Rushton Grayling Cance {built expressly with vexed bow on account of plants fluating in our waters) with latest form of drop rudder and other fittings. What beautiful boats they are! And so easy to capsize when on the sliding-out seat! Alongside the club slip, [had just said: ‘* Now, here I am in the canoe,” when I was in the water (and it zwascold). I send you sketch of my batswing (mizzen) sail of Anonyma, which has several sets of sails, This is essentially cruising. Mast is placed in easy reach of hand from cockpit, so belaying &c. is easily done. Only single blocks are used; Reef lines are made fast at A.A. and pass through blocks at B.B. C.C, and 1). D. Put hand into bight at H, pull and belay round batten or boom (or on cleat near the outer end on mainsail), Boom and battens are at right angles to mast, su the pull is very even, the lower edge(WT )being the hypoten- euse of triangle TWX. prevents boom kicking into the air when running, and frees it of any water falling into sai], which it would not do to an equal extent if W.T. were a boom, Fig A z Besides this, spars are shorter. Now, as to originality, I have had my batswings of described shape in use for at least two years, and in 1891’s Ze Yacht I find sketch of a new cutter mainsail which claims the same advantages (except reefing gear) which brought me to designing my batswing. ‘Nil novum sub sole!” All the same there is a certain satisfaction in finding one’s own ideas found good by others, and to see that of several people working at the same problem two or more come to the same conclusions. Yours truly, CaRLos A. ALTGELT, 19th February, 1892. THE Epiror, 7he Canoetst. S1r,—As the designer of ‘Cockyolly Bird’, and as several canoes are being built on her lines, will you kindly allow me to supplement your reply (with which I entirely agree) to Mr. W, J. Smith, in your last issue. In the first place ‘CockyoHy Bird’ was not designed for the inboard position when sailing, and therefore to make that (precarious) position somewhat more tenable, a little alteration in thedesign should be effected, viz:-—1 inch more depth of hull, and 3 inches less width of well, with side flaps, and 5olbs. C.B. With these additions the canoeist might carry 6oft. of sailin moderate winds, with his weather eye open for squalls. Of course the paddling THE properties of the canoe would be by MODEL-YACHTSMAN no means improved, but with the inboard position, gain in sailing means loss in paddling, which is not the case with the deck position. If however your correspondent is wise, he will profit by your experience and sit on deck, and if he wishes to be really safe, dry, and comfortable, he will add a sliding seat to his equipment. I have not had an opportunity of testing the sliding seat in actual salt water, but I have experienced as nasty a fresh- water sea, below bridge on the Thames, as is likely to be met by any canoe on the genuine article. There was half a gale blowing against the tide, which, together with the frequently passing cargo steamers, and ferry boats, kicked up an irregular tumble that was extremely difficult to negotiate, and I feel confident that without a sliding seat I should not have come out of that trip without acapsize. With the crew below it would have been impossible to sail, or even paddle, the seas and squalls were so heavy, with the ordinary deck position progress could have been made, but the crew would have been drenched, however with a sliding seat I carried my go feet of standing sails, though latterly I shook the mizen, as the boat carried so hard a weather helin, and the rudder was not too strong, The only part of me that got really wet was my feet owing to the well being much too wide (20 inches) thus allowing some of the seas to come on board, As regards sails, I am inclined to believe that for cruising, especially on the sea, and for racing with large areas, ““bafters” are much the best. With them jibing and running are considerably easier than with the balance lug; being a less pressing sail it can be carried on longer, andin the event of having to slack out the sheet in a squall the wind is spilled entirely out of the sail, which is by no means the case with the lug, which I have known to capsize a canoe with sheets let Hy, inboard position, of course. I would recommend your correspondent to try Gunters, same as ‘Cockyolly Bird’s’ with 50 feet in the mainsail and 10 in the mizen. Yours truly, Prucas, N.C.C., B.C.A, CAMPING OUT ON THE STRAITS. MENAI Of the next three days I will write but briefly. On the first of these, [the fifth of the cruise], we started for Carnarvon, but contrary wind and a rainy day induced us to land when we had got as far as Port Dinoriwic; here we examined some yachts laid up ashore, and visited the neighbouring slate quarries. Next day, the wind being still contrary, but the day bright and fine, we journeyed to Carnarvon and back by steamer; a beautiful trip. Some hours in this city barely sufficed for examination of the castle and port. During the next day we frivolled about, paddling and sailing ; several of us went a coach drive, through some of the most interesting parts of North Wales; the remainder loafed about Bangor and had dinner, “not forgetting ” whitebait, at the George Hotel. We all turned in betimes, to be ready for an early start to shift camp on the morrow. We found a bright hot morning without a breath of wind, and commenced striking tents early for a voyage to the Conway river. All day long we paddled, with and against the tide, across Beaumaris Bay to Penmenmawr and_ then AND CANOEIST. 57 paraliel to the coast to the Conway. Under favourable circumstances this is no arduous voyage ; but on this occasion it proved a long and tedious paddle under the hot sun with the heavily laden canoes, there being no wind to favour or at least there was a strong tide running out of the Conway estuary. The writer was the to cool us, while least practised paddler of the company, and he will never forget that paddle: his hands became sore and gummy, his mouth ditto ditto; many a time would he have given up and gone ashore, but there were big waves breaking on the rocky beach, [the swell was left by the breeze of the previous day], and person. he feared damage to boat and He paddled close in, when opposite Penmzumauer, to look for a “soft” place; but when he saw the “breakers on a rock-bound coast,” he followed the example of the skipper of the schooner Hesperus, and “ steered for the open sea.” Once, when about a mile astern of the others, he determined that arything was better than this “demnition grind,’so made for shore, but, when amongst the breakers, he changed his mind and vigorously struggled out again scared and wetted. One of the old hands waited for and encouraged him, [blessings on his kindly heart t] until at last we reached the others, who were pitching their tents on the shore of the Conway river near Deganwy. It was an exposed place to camp, but it was too late and the tide too strong for us to go further. In the morning we paddled a couple of miles up the Conway river to a beautifully situated field opposite Glan Conway, where we camped and were joined by two men, who had come by steamer to Llandudno and had carted their canoes across the narrower neck of land to the Conway. In the afternoon we walked into the town of Conway and visited the famous ruins of the castle. Sunday and a gloriously bright sunny day with strong puffs of wind. For this day we had been invited to a big feed by the skipper, who had had a luxurious spread sent down from Liverpool for the occasion. It was his birthday, or Mrs. Skipper’s birthday, or somebody’s birthday; any excuse is good enough for a convivial gorge. In the forenoon the fleet went for a voyage up the Conway. We journeyed up to a little above Trefriw, sailing some reaches of the river, but mainly under paddle. Our return was rather late on the ebb, so, when we reached the rapids, there was a heavy rush of swirling tidal water round and over rocks, bare or only slightly submerged. This rather dangerous part of the river at low water was unknown to us, for, as we had paddled up stream all was quiet and covered by the tide. Now as we paddled down stream we were amused to notice a man racing down the bank parallel to our course shouting with all his might; most of his directions 58 THE MODEL-YACHTSMAN were in Welsh, but we could often catch the word “waterfall.” After many efforts to understand him we wearied of his attentions; so, to his cry of “ waterfall,” we shouted back opprobrious remarks, such as :—‘ Yes, very fine, beats Switzerland,” “‘srand ! does you credit, old chap !” “all serene, take it home and play with it, we shan’t steal it,” and so on; until, on turning a bend, we found ourselves among the rocks and in the rapids, and then, too late, we recognized that we had been jeering at a Celtic version of the Good Samaritan. There was no AND CANOEIST. suddenly a puff of wind came and we saw this canoe lifted several feet from the ground, carried some yards up shore, and dropped deck down on the shingle. The puff did not seem one strong enough to cause such a feat; but the pressure suddenly exerted in the well and under the deck no doubt acted to the best advantage. The owner came running down and found his boat none the worse for its erial trip. (To be concluded]. time for apology, nor for retreat. canoe was swept broadside against a large rock and the force of the water kept it pinned there, despite his efforts; he got out on to the rock and forced the canoe round into the current, where, of course, it was torn from his grasp. More from despair than from presence of mind, he threw himself on to the canoe as it was swept away and, by the time he had got himself into the well and sorted out from the apron and paddle, the falls were behind us. During that second, when the writer was on the partially submerged boulder with the rushing waters around and with the canoe flying away, all the misdeeds of one’s past life had time to rush through the mind, and especially vivid was the recollection of a sponge, sinfully abstracted from a comrade’s canoe that very morning. It Is remarkable how some special forms of crime cause no pangs of conscience to the average boating mind, I never knew a canoeist who would not purloin a friend’s sponge if he saw the chance of doing so without detection; while the rowing man’s indifference to the rightful ownership of the boat- hook in his possession is proverbial; on board a yacht, the ship’s name may be burnt into the handle of the mop, but that mop will vanish in port; while in no boat that floats is a piece of loose manilla safe, when the owner’s back is turned, although articles of infinitely more value may be sacred from interference. Our fleet got through the falls undamaged, though some of the boats experienced a bump or two. A little further down, where the river widens, the tide had now fallen so low that some difficulty with the navigation was experienced, and it was necessary to jump out frequently to explore for the channel. Occasionally when found the edge of the channel was abrupt, and an exciting flounder into deep water was probable. The last part of the return to camp was more of the nature of a walking tour than of an aquatic excursion. The writer and a companion witnessed a curious event soon after landing opposite the camp. We had carried up one canoe and were standing by the other ready to carry it. The captain’s canoe, a stout-built boat of Nautilus type, was some few yards from us, lying on its side on the shore; Sketch of | bug-out Canoe, recently ished up from the ‘ver bed, near Hampton. Soe “Thames Notes,” page 55, The writer got half through in safety, and then his OUR ILLUSTRATIONS, “THE BIRDIE.” The ‘ Birdie,’ whose lines we have great pleasure in publishing this month, is a canoe that since 1889 has had as much success as ary canoe ever put afloat, and although she has not yet succeeded in winning the R.C.C. Challenge Sailing Cup, still we see no reason why in some future year even this cup should not fall to her—for in her, without doubt we have the hull of what must be one of the fastest types that can be built, and success in racing her, we consider, is simply a matter of fittings and sails, She was built in 1889, by Mr. Chas. Bathurst, of Tewkesbury, and to-day, as we write these lines we hear that she looks better than when she was first built—so well has the builder’s work been done. This was one of the first unballasted canoes built in England of moderate type, and although the designer has tried twice since to beat her design he has never yet succeeded, and we believe never will. It is quite a sight to see her in a moderate breeze in calm water slipping thro’ her THE element without any MODEL-YACHTSMAN fuss, and leaving a trail AND CANOEIST. 59 fitted with a brass drop-plate rudder with a yoke. deck steering gear is fitted just aft of the coaming and consists of a shouldered pin on a behind her like oil, for you will not see a ripple. The We have given her table of offsets as she was designed, but the sheer plan we give shews the keel that her present owner added, and which has improved her greatly. ‘Therefore the load water line as shewn is the 44in. level in the originally plate to screw to the deck, and on the pin isa yoke similar to that on the rudder with an attachment to take the tiller. The piece of added false keel is of hard wood and is 14in. deep and shaped table of offsets, and the waterlines are tiin. apart. The ‘Birdie’ is 16ft. in length by 3o0ins. beam, and 1ojin. moulded depth; she has 6ins. sheer forward and 34ins. aft; she is built of in. white pine, spruce keel, sawn oak ribs and rock-elm ribbands, oak stem and stern posts and oak coaming; she is copper fastened throughout with the to the rocker of the boat and hollowed on either side to make a fair run with the sections. This keel has without doubt greatly improved the qualities of the canoe. The well is 144ins. wide, and there is sufficient space below for sleeping with a leg on either side of the centre-pboard case. The cleats are the ordinary R.C.C. pattern jain exception of the garboards, stem and sternpost, where the planks are screwed with brass screws. The mainmast steps are ingenious, giving the cleats and a mizzen tubular jam cleat. Gun-metal shackles are fitted on both stem and advantage of getting the balance of sail correct. The steps are covered by two sliding lids so that any step may be used, and the other two steps stern post for lifting purposes. Mr. Chas. Bathurst, of Tewkesbury, has the original sections on which this boat was built, and are always covered up. anyone wishing for asimilar boat had better apply to him. The centre-board is 4in. gun-metal planed and brought to a beautiful surface, and the canoe is Foot Sections Height Rise of ant Keel in 0 ee in Deck ce in 104in ee in The table of offsets are :— HALF-BREADTHS OF “BIRDIE.” 9in THin 6in 44in 3in in eee Serres in Bee eee in Beeecceeee in in 1din Beececseee | ceetee ees in Keel in Livvecseeeees Lb}… Zhen 3¢ 34 Boveeeeeees 23, Bho LB e se Bcceeecee seseaaeee Derecesereess IBS. .cceeee Vda 68… Bh eeeseeees BB eesenens Bhicesereee dhe eeeeees BR veesesees 7) en deseeseeee Becvcseeseees 1B cesceeese Qeseeesaee QD eeceeee > re B veseseeee 7 re BB ceccsaee 7S eee ee t 4 Beseceseseere LLB eeeenere ceeeeeaes 128.0… L2b. ve seeeee 113……… Uf… LOB. DB cceeeee Th icecesees 5 seeeveens Biseseseseeee V1 feeeeeeeee ceeeeenes 188……008 1B4… ee 12h. T2k ee U1 g.e sees UL eee DB eeseers , re Vesseseneeane LOZ ceeeeee ceeeeeeee 144.0… ic: ee 184 134…..00. 18 wee 12h… eee 1) eee TB ceeea, Bisececceees LOB eceecee ceeeeeeee 14%… 143… L48… 148.0… 14 ee 134.2… 113.0… BB, ee ee LB eee 15 oe 1 143. 14h… 1B$… wee 124… OB. acess LO. ecreeees LOR cece eeceees U2. . 148. eee 142.0… 143.00. 144… 13h… Pe) re 14 14 14 14 14 14 Lecce LOG ceeecee 14 A ceseseseees 12}. Piceessase LOZ ..ceseeee 1 ee 10 t Dhereesseee Bbscccereee To eccsscees Bh seeserees BB veccerses 14 ceeeeeeee 148… 143.00… 4d… i 18h… 12k 118……… BE… 1 re 1S errr 184.0… 138… 00… 184… Bow. | 113.0000… 10b….0000.. / rn 12 1B… WB… Bocecees 12, WE. 11.0.0… 114……. 10% .. 90.0. a Bhi AR a, 14 Idee. WH. Lb. cece ee Oo. cessee OB eee DQ eeecseees Bh eresssaee Theses sens Bhecceeeeee Lbeccereuee 1 Wee 1B vecceeee Qdeveeeeees Bb eeeeeeee Bees eseees BB eseseeeee BBasecssees ee Bhi vescecee 1 1B…ceasseens Vb rececce seeeeeees Bevceccee Pesecesens The sheer, deck and water line plans are ina scale of fin. to one foot, and the body plan to be distinct, is drawn in a larger scale, namely that of 2in, to rft. The sail plan as shewn in our beautiful supplement is the sail that was designed for her and is a ’bafter rig on long masts, the sail being fitted on the luff with a hammock mesh with glass beads, which allows the sail to be hoisted easily, but as soon as the tack is hauled tight makes a beautiful close lacing. ‘The sail however stretched so much that a new mast was necessary, and Mr. Paul Waterlow had a new mast fitted on its aftside with a brass tube af Yin. bore with a Min. slot along its entire length sunk into the mast ina groove. In this groove slide little brass balls with ring lugs to which the luff of the sail is fastened, and this way of working an abaft-the-mast sail has proved a great success. The battens work round the mast being fitted with oak jaws and lanyards Besesesses Peceecsnee Bic cec , ceeessaee re 0 eeseteeee 4 teaaeeens to keep them up to their work. The area of these abaft-the-mast sails are mainsails 80 sq. ft., and mizzen 28 sj. ft. The sails under which she was raced last year are shewn in the sail plan, and consist of main and ~ mizzen balance lugs, beautifully cut and rigged by Mr. J. J. Jackson, the well-known sailmaker of Northwich, The areas are mainsail! 84 sq. ft. mizzen 25 sq. ft. After the sail had been in usea short time Mr. Paul Waterlow fitted the batten with brass reefing blocks, which have proved very successful. The boat was sailed last year with about 6olbs. of lead ballast in pigs, and although her pace and sail carrying powers seem greatly improved, she makes a little more fuss going through the water. We have the greatest pleasure in putting this canoe before our readers, and feel sure an intending builder ofa racing canoe would not do very wrong in copying her leading features. 60 THE MODEL-YACHTSMAN Gxchange & Sale Column, For SaLe the American built canoe a x 3Cins., brass centre-board, all fittings and gear, complete, and in govd order; winner of Mersey Challenge Cup, 1891; now in M.C.C. boat-house. No reasonable offer refused. 1888 (late ‘*Nautilus” 1887), — For SaLe.—* VANESSA” winner of numerous prizes in Royal Canoe Club races, and runner up for the Challenge Cup, 1890, will be sold in full “VANESSA” 1890 flate “Nautilus” 1888), described in – < 3 wy FIRST-CLASS Blocks, Deadeyes, Wheels, Skylights, Flags, Stanchions, Companions, &e. Fittings for Model Ships. MODELS prizes and Vaddling Challenge Cup.—W. Baden MIDDLETon’s Yacur Booxks.— Choice Winning. Proportions for Racing Yachts,” ss., contains 67 examples, “Cruise of the Kate,” 6s. 8d., or ‘*How to defend England ” contains 16splendid flyers, ‘ Sail Tons,” 2s. 6d. **Cubic Yacht Measurement,” 3s. 6d.—MipDLEtToN , Cosy Nook, Eastwood, Essex, FLUID FLUID WATER RESISTING WATER RESISTING GLUE GLUE (Patent) PATENT (Patent) TINS. PATENT TINS. Invaluable for all Out and Indoor Repairs. NO BRUSH.—NO BOILING.—WILL SECURELY JOIN Woop GLASS, CHINA, METAL, &c. By post 8d. and 1/3 per tin. Through Ironmongers, Chemists Chandlers, &., 6d. and 1/. per tin, Manufactured onty by THE WATERPROOF 62, Dale Street, GLUE LIVERPOOL. Co., Lists Free. SGALE. 22, ALDGATE, LONDON. SEND 3¢, FOR ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE, 100 ENGRAVINGS, 30 % Cheaper than any TTouse in London. “MODEL many TO Fistablished 1848. ,Sane e Powell, 3, Paper Buildings, Temple, London, E.C. MADE DIEVENS MODEL DOCKYARD, E. Gruby, 10, Prince’s Dock Street, Hull, For SALE.—-Sailing canoe NAUTILUS”, completely fitted with Lug or Bafter Rig; drop plate brass rubber: deck seat; lever sliding centre plate; canvas cover; hull ribbon carvel built in cedar and mahogan y. Winner of WORKMANSHIP, MODEL YACHTS STEAMBOATS — Price, with three suits of sails and spars, £4 100, S Cylinders, Pumps, Guages, Safety Valves, and all the Separate Parts. FoR SALE.—Model Ic-tonner, 414 x 7zSplendid racer, designed and built by T. A. Bruce, Esq Condition good as new, KTS MODEL STEAM-ENGINES. YACHTING Books.- A collection of SPARE YACHTING Booxs for sale. List on application to 53, Cowgate , Dundee. 6 © © 6 racing trim with cast lead ballast, gun-metal centre-bo ard, brass drop-plate rudder, patent reefing gear to sails, &c., &~., £23.-—-B. De Quincey, 76, Avenue Road, Regents Park, London, N.W. Dixon Kemp, winner of numerous prizes, in full racing trim, sails by Jaekson; gun-metal centré-board, drop-plate rudder &e., &c., £25.—B. De Quincey, 76, Avenue Road, Regents Park, London, N.W. 5 ae 5 Further particulars from Edw. Geo. Edwards, c/o Elder Dempster & Co., Las Palmas, Grand Canary. 417.—M. 6, Gloucester Place, Hyde Park, London, W, CANOEIST. : * CELTIE,” 16ft. For SALE, Ist class SAILING CANOE within Royal Canoe Club rules, ribbon carvel built of Mahogany r4ft. x 2ft. gin. with all gear complete, includIng brass centre-pla te and drop rudder, patent quick reefing gear to sails (by Jackson) Willesden canvas canoe tent for crui-ing, fluor gratings, &c., &c. The boat is sound and in first class condition, fast and comfortable, will carry two; owner building larger boat, AND | \pezaan pre | wa i Faieslio®® FITT‘OF INGS EVERY DESCRIPTION FOR MODEL YACHTS. CANOE & YACHT BLOCKS, From 4” to 23” (single or double), — ok ag ry DOCKYARD.’ FRICE LISTS FREE, 4 = Renta STRIPED SAIL CLOTH: | No. 1...Stripes 3/in, apart...7%d. SALE Room ry see OPA tj — Both 36 inches wide. a eee a / per yd. eet Postage extra. Cash with order. Silk Ensigns, Racing & Club Flags, from 24d, to 1s. each. HITCHEN & SQUIRE, Flag and Banner Makers, Bazaar Fitters, and Public Decorators and Illuminators, 36, South Castle Street, Liverpool Exhibition, 1886. GOLD MEDAL, CANOE-VYAWLS DESIGNED H. C. AND SMITH, LIVERPOOL. & CANOES. BUILT BY Medley, Oxford, Actual Builder of R.C.C. Canoe * Whizz,” 1-ratepr “ Fizz, and Canoe-Yawl “ Torpedo.” Good Workmanship Guaranteed. Estimates Free,