The Model Yachtsman: Volume 2, Number 1 – April 1929

THE MODEL. AYACH TSMAN A RICE 3 | 4 Tae a- SS, ‘2 PE Sm m: Wee. . ak April, 1929 ART a) Om 2458 4m AVY svs0OUOl 2 aACHhtISMan. Supreme in the Air and in the Supermarine “Southampton.” ‘*RYLARD”… The ideal Varnish and Enamel for Model Yachts As used by all the leading Aircraft Manufacturers and Boat Builders Sole LLEWELLYN RYLAND Ltd., “TASSIE,”’ Birmingham, England AUSTRALIAN CHAMPIONSHIP WINNER SALES AND WANTS. Advertisements are inserted in these columns at the rate of Qne Penny per word; minimum charge for advertisement One Bhilling. Single letters or figures are charged as words, and a compound word as two words, The advertiser’s name and address are charged for. A oharge of 6d, extra to cover postages is made for **Box”‘ Replies, care of these offices, The following words must appear at the end of advertisement; “Box——, ‘Model achtsman” Offices, for which usual rate per word will be FOR 18-footer. built. SALE. Littlejohn design. Bread-and-butter Nicely finished and complete with sails. Owner going in for another Class. 77, Model Yachtsman Offices. £5. Box charged. When (Advertisers need not include our full address). replying Rib and Plank. Perfect condition. Three suits of sails. Prize winner. Sale owing to decease of owner. Apply Box 80, Model Yachtsman Offices, to a “Box No.” Advt., address your envelope: Advertiser, Box——, ‘I’he Model Yachtsman,” Golden House, Gt, Pulteney St., London, W.1. Advertismente for these columns must be aecom- panied bya remittance, either by Postal Order or stampa, and addressed to the Advertisement Manager, “The Model Yachtsman,” Golden House, Gt. Pulteney St,, London, W.1. Announcements must reach these offiees not later than the 10th of the month preceding the month of issue. In advertising Boate for Sale or Wanted advertisers should state, where possible, ‘Class of Boat.” These will be classified under their separate headings; wunclassed Models, and articles other than Boats, under Miscellaneous. Ship Model. Three-masted topsail Schooner, by manship. 32ins. overall, in mahogany glass John Penn. Builders’ model of the Prince of Minorca’s Yacht. A splendid example of craft- case. Perfect. Seen in London by appointment. Box 79, Model Yachtsman Offices. 18-footer. Built Model in good condition. Sails and all accessories. Cheap for quich sale. Box 78, Model Yachtsman Offices. 10-rater. Manufacturers: WANTED. Model of Full-rigged Ship or other Sailing Ships with some history. Offices. Box 76,“”Model Yachtsman” MODEL THE YACH,TSMAN f – — = 72 A wor. 2 MONTHLY Y.M.6-m.M.0.A. We have recently had the pleasure of seeing Mr. W. J. Daniels’ new A-class model “ Albion” in a completed state, and we have no hesitation in prophesying that she will be a very warm customer. She makes her official debut at Bradford, and will afterwards appear at Eastbourne and Gosport. LONDON Wy ses — : OO ORR | ~ pe . f OAD SOPRA formation by Mr. A. E. Foster, who was one of the founders of the Wirral M.Y.C., and the Club have been fortunate enough to retain his services. This club have under consideration a move to Surbiton, and as a matter of fact a site for a fine boathouse has been selected near the Rick Pond by the authorities. It has now become a question of finance. Ways and means are now under consideration. SOUTH yo 5 M.C.Y. Mr. F. G. Jones was unanimously elected as Press Correspondent. Official Measurers are Messrs. H. Almond, W. M. Carpenter, A. E. Foster and R. Naybour. The Committee was elected as follows :—Sail— Messrs. C. Grave, J. B. Baylis and H. Almond. Power—Messrs. J. Kirkpatrick. Roy Edwards, It is pleasant to relate A. that Johnson the lake is now gradually filling with water, and although it is not yet full, sailing has been in full swing since Christmas, although the lake has not yet been officially opened. The mvin drawback is the lack of a boathouse, and. in view of the A-class, this is most essential. The club has now successfully accomplished the move to Surliton, where they will enjoy far better sailing than was ever possible on the Clapham Pond. and The members are busy looking for temporary accommodation. Mr. A. J. Child has just completed a model from the 10-rater design by Mr. W. J. Daniels which appeared in the June and July numbers of THE MODEL YACHTSMAN. We understand that she is a very likely looking craft. Another boat which was recently built to these lines has, we understand, been doing very well in the Midlands. SOUTHERN (Correspondent, ENGLAND BIRKENHEAD M.Y. M.Y.U. AND P.B.C. The second General Meeting of this young club was held on February 1. Amongst business disposed of was the election of officers. The club have been fortunate enough to secure as President Mr. Charles Livingston, the wellknown yachtsman, who is also a model enthusiast. The Vice-Presidents appointed are Alderman C. McVey, H. G. Graham White, Esq., R. B. Hornby, Esq., Geo. Turnbull,~ Esq., and Mrs. Harvey Wilmer. The first named gentleman was largely responsible for the Lake, whilst he was Chairman of the Parks and Gardens Committee. Mr. W. A. Carpenter, who was elected Hon. Treasurer, has had a varied experience F. Brnenna, M.Y.C. The Annual General Meeting of the club was held on Februaiy 16 in the Church House, Poole. In the unavoidable absence of the Commodore (Alderman H. 8. Carter), the chair was taken by Mr. W. 8. Read. aa OF W. R.N.) POOLE NORTH UNION. Pay-Lt.-Cdr. in the American yachting world. The post of Hon. Secretary has been filled during the period of the club’s The Hon. Treasurer, Mr. 8. H. Pearce, presented a very favourable report, and it was decided that in future Mr. Pearce should act for the Bournemouth District, whilst Mr. G. C. Paine functioned for Poole. The Hon. Secretary, Mr. B. Shutler, reported that the past season had been good, and that with several new models on the stocks, he anticipated another good season. After election the officials are as follows :— Commodore, Alderman H. 8. Carter; Vice-Commodore, Mr. A. F. Roberts; Rear-Commodore, Mr. B. Osborne ; Club Captain, Mr. G. C. Paine ; Hon. Treasurers, Messrs. Paine and Pearce ; Hon. Secre. tary, M. B. Shutler; Official Measurer, Mr. R. W. Moon; Auditor, Mr. W. 8. Read; CommitteeMessrs. W. S. Read, F. W. Painter, E. Osborne. H. F. J. Orchard, F. Easter, Rev. C. Palmer, G. C, Paine, J. Jewell, with A. Ingram, A. Cave and J, Cobb as junior members. 4 The Model Races for combined classes will be arranged on S.M.Y.U. The Annual General Meeting was held at the ‘Cowherd’s Hotel, The Common, Southampton, on February 23. The chair was taken by Mr. G. C. Paine (Poole M.Y.C.), supported by Mr. F. J. Orchard (Poole), Mr. D. G. Smith (Southampton M.Y.C.), Pay Lt. Cdr. W. F. Behenna (Solent M.Y.C.), Lt.-Col. W. A. April 1929 Yachtsman. Sparrow (Eastbourne suitable dates on the Canoe Lake, Southsea. Election of Officers then took place. Admiral O. F. Gille , C.B., having resigned on account of his heal h, Alderman E. W. Lapthorn, J.P., was appointed President. M.Y.C., was Mr. A. Herries of Eastbourne elected Measurer, Mr. G. Vice-President; Officila C. Paine; Hon. Secretary anl M.Y.C.) and Mr. A. Herries (Eastbourne M.Y.C.). Treasurer, Pay-Lt. Crd. W. F. Behenna, R.N. The minutes of last meeting were approved and Balance Sheet submitted. The Hon. Secretary gave details of the M.Y.A. Annual General Meeting, and also of the last season’s racing in the S.M.Y.U. It was decided to hold the The following Fixtures were mutually arranged :— May 20—Cleveden Cup (10-raters). next Annual General Meeting of the 8.M.Y.U. at June 22—S.M.Y.U. The Hon. Secretary was thanked for his services for many years to the Union from 1911 and to the S.M.Y.U. since 1920. Races at Southampton. July 23—Poole v. Weymouth (10-raters) at Poole. Aug. 31—Inter-club Race (10-raters) at Poole. AUTOCRAT. Pane: THE Portsmouth. oe ee Gas Irate O.0.D.: “Fill yer Jib nex’ time or I’ll ’squalerfy yer—so look aht!’’ We feel satisfied that the “B” Class will eventually oust the 10-rater, the A-class and the British Navy, together with Soccer, Shove-ha’p’ny and Greyhound Racing in the very near future. TIMBUCTOO TIMES. April 1929 The Model Yachtsman. 5) Our DSeottish Page & By Wanzi Ravyax GOUROCK M.Y.C. PAISLEY M.Y.C. This club held its Annual Social and Prize Distri- bution on February 27 in the Social Room of the R.N.T.F. Club, and as usual a very pleasant evening was spent in spite of the association of T.N.T. The Vice-Commodore, Mr. H. V. Lamb, presided, and was accompanied on the platform by Mrs. Lamb, Mrs. Moody, Bailie J. Rees Pedlar and Councillor Hunter. In the course of his address, the Chairman mentioned that he had been associated with the club from its inception and well remembered the good old times when they used to sail on Gourock Bay. There were now fairly good facilities for model yachting at Drumshantie, but it would be a great improvement if the Town Council could see their way to somewhat enlarge the sailing water. This was necessary and would foster model yachting in the burgh. The club was rapidly coming into prominence, and one of the members, Mr. R. Jones, had gained second place in the Scottish 12-Metres Championship with his model “Jean.” This coming season the club is being honoured by the M.Y.A. in that the British 12-Metres Championship is being held at Drumshantie. The club was in a satisfactory financial position, but they were always grateful for donations. He particularly welcomed the representatives of the Greenock Glasgow Model Yacht Clubs. and Port Bailie Rees Pedlar and Councillor Hunter complimented the club on its splendid congratulated them on having a progress, and most efficient Secretary in Mr. P. T. Jones. The prizes were then presented by}Mrs. Victor Moo ‘ie, who The winners was accorded a hearty reception. were:—Unity Cup: “Jean” (R. Jones), “* Waione ’’ (Wm. M’Kerrell), “‘ Minnehaha,”’ (H. Smith). Glenburn Cup: “Heather Bell” (D. Lamb), “Jean” (R. Jones), “‘ Waione ’’ (Wm. M’Kerrell). Commodore’s Prize: “Jean” (R. Jones), ‘‘ Heather Bell” (D. Lamb), ‘“‘ Enigma” (D. Dick). Hansen Cup: “May” (M. Polonis), *“’Waione” (Wm. M’Kerrell), ‘‘ Heather Bell” (D. Lamb). Victor Moodie Cup: ‘“ Persee”’ (A. M’Innes). Col. Neill’s Trophy: ‘“‘Secotan” (E. Hawke). An excellent musical programme was given by Miss Madge Cowley, Miss Netta Jenkins, Messrs. Boyle, Angus Craig, 8S. M’Kinstry, R. Williamson, and Mrs. Williamson, who officiated at the piano. Mr. Wm. Hutchinson is having a 6-metres model built at Largs, and as Largs is adjacent to the famous Fairlie yard, much is expected of her. We have not yet heard her name, but we have no doubt that she will help to maintain the prestige of the Paisley Club. What did Disraeli say? ‘‘ Keep your eye on Paisley. As we all know, shawls and corkscrews are not the only good things that come from Paisley ! AYR M.Y.C. This club has lately been making very satisfactory progress and is the latest Scottish club to become affiliated to the M.Y.A. Like Gourock, we suspect: them of having an eye on the British 12-Metres “ham pionship Cup, which at present is held by the West of Scotland. It will not much surprise us if several other Scottish clubs do likewise. Our friend, Mr. J. A. Stewart, has been helping the Ayr M.Y.C. in the matter of anew club burgee, and they have adopted the blue banner and white saltire of St. Andrew with a white point, as this appears in the arms of Ayr. It is something like the flag that appears at the head of these notes. SIX-METRES MATCH AT BRADFORD. As mentioned last month several clubs are going to Port Glasgow to try out their 6-metres before selecting a Scottish boat to send to Bradford. At the time these notes are being written every sailing water in Glasgow is still frozen over and likely to remain so for a while yet. Just how Port Glasgow is fairing we have not heard, but imagine that it is just the same. So far model men have not had a single opportunity to tune up their craft since last year, but there will be time to arrange a match on the Saturday previous to the Bradford event. Apart from the Scottish 6-metres which will oppose boats from England, Ireland and Wales, two other Scottish boats are preparing for the big Brad- ford Cup Race (A-class). These will be ‘‘ Spur,” which was sailed at Bradford last year by Mr. N’ Kechnie and, “‘Capella,”’ which will be raced by Mr. J. Livingston of the West of Scotland M.Y.C. The latter is an unknown quantity as she has never been matched against any of her class and also has not had any opportunity of tuning up in a good breeze on a large lake. The race will be over when these notes appear and most of our readers will have heard the results. O51 LE es | ae we Ty Lee ee The Model Yachtsman. 6 Clubs in general have not come up to the mark as well as usual this month and news has been hard to obtain. Although the ponds are in use as skating rinks, it does not mean that Scottish model yachtsmen are hibernating. Generally speaking, the winter months are quite as busy as the summer ones, as model yachtmen are getting ready for opening day. We pride ourselves that during the past winter we have been able to keep racing men in touch with each other to a greater extent than ever before. We can only do this, however, if regular news is sent us each month. In summer the writer can visit the clubs and report on happenings. So please, Mr. Club Secretary, don’t think that what your club is doing during the winter is not worth recording, as we have to depend on your help to make these notes interesting. April 1929 SCOTTISH FIXTURE LIST, 1929. The principal Regattas for next season are :— May 4—Open Regatta, 12-metres, West of Scotland M.Y.C. » 18—Open Regatta, 12-metres, Elder Park M.Y.C. June 2—Shire Race (Ayrshire. Dumbar.onshire and Renfrewshire) at Kilmarnock. «» 15—Open Regatta, 12-metres, Clydebank M.Y.C. » 29 July Aug. 6—Bloodhound Cup at Ayr. 10—Open Regatta, 6-metres, Wes! of Scot- : »» Sept. Robertson Cup, 6-metres, West of Scotland M.Y.C. land M.Y.C. 31—S.M.Y.A. 12-metres Dumbarton. 6—S.M.Y.A. 6-metres Championship at Championship at Dumbarton. » 77—Open Regatta, 12-metres, Paisley M.Y.C. »» 29—M.Y.A. British 12-metres Championship at Gourock. THE I.Y.R.U. METRE CLASS MODELS IN SCOTLAND. By GaRDYLOO, The interesting article, which was published in the December issue of THE MODEL Y ACHTSMAN, on the G and 2d. taxes in the I.Y.R.U formula (which is now practically universal) suggests a few notes on the metre models in Scotland. As is well known, the small 6-metres class has caught on, and there is now a large fleet in being, and many new models are being built. This success is due to the handy size of the boats and to their good sailing abilities. Also public interest in the 6-metres class on the Clyde has extended to the models, and local yachtsmen have presented valuable cups and other prizes for this class. The advantages accruing from, the existence of a popular prototype cannot be ignored; and the death of the old raters and 18-footers cannot but involve a gradual slackening of interest in the corresponding models. Everything that man can do has been done to push the A-class in Scotland, and it has received the blessing of the Scottish Secretary himself, but the fact remains that, so far at all events, it has not been taken up. A solitary specimen of the A-class did corruscate on a Glasgow pond last summer, but she did not go to Gosport. The reasons why the A-class has not so far met with success in Scotland can be briefly summarised :— (a) Vested interest in the 12-metres class, and the impossibility of running two classes of this size. (6) Small ponds. (c) The unfortunate fact that both time and money are needed to make trips as far afield as Gosport and Bradford, and those who have the time lack the money and vice versa. The fact is that in Scotland at all events. so far as large models are concerned, the 12-metres holds the field, and is likely to do so for many years to come. At the same time one cannot help feeling regret that Scotland has not been represented adequately each year open 12-metres races in attract an entry of over from scenes like these at Gosport. Nevertheless, the Glasgow district usually sixty yachts, and surely it is that old Scotia’s grandeur springs. Popular as the 12’s may be, it is felt by many that the type might be improved. Objection has been taken to the draught, which is thought to be rather light for satisfactory performance. Light draught encourages heavy weight, and weight causes a full body which is not efficient as lateral surface. Certainly a mistake was made when the 12-metres yacht with the draught restrictions appropriate to a large vessel was chosen as a prototype. Various opinions have been expressed on the question of the improvement of the class, and one enthusiast published the opinions of counsel learned insuchmatters. The concensus of opinion (Admiral Gillett dissenting) was that a smaller prototype and a larger scale would have encouraged a more weatherly, interesting, and docile type. This matter has, however, been discussed at the General Meeting of the Scottish M.Y.A. and it has been decided to leave matters in statu quo, but open for consideration in the future. The 6-metre model is a success on a different principle. It is, and claims to be, a scale model of the most popular type of small racing yacht, and The Model Yachtsman. April 1929 vi The only respects in this season; but the alteration will doubtless be decided upon in time for next year. which it does not resemble the prototype are that the boats are measured in fresh water and carry no The main opposition to the change might come from the idea that it will give the professional as such it has attracted brought recruits to the sport. public attention and erew weight. The M.Y.A. rules are now being revised to bring the model into line with the prototype in these respects also, and the regulations builder and designer a pull over the amateur and from the measurer’s point of view. In the case of the amateur builder and designer, I think that this bugbear is more imaginary than real, as anyone published in THE MODEL YACHTSMAN last month cin be taken as a pretty accurate forecast of what these alterations will embody. It is rather capable of calculating the boat out in fresh water can do so for salt, and as regards the crew weight the designer can easily ascertain the additional immersion from the area of the waterline plane. This interesting to think what these amendments will mean to existing models. may sound complicated to those unversed in naval The difference in weight between salt water and fresh is ys. On this class, which weighs from 18 to 20 lIbs., it will, therefore, weight of $ lb. mean an approximately. architecture, but presents no difficulty to any man who can calculate the displacement ofa hull. Those increase of who build by rule-of-thumb and weight their boats to the required waterline have only to do as they have always done and then add another 23 lbs. The scale crew weight taken on the basis of a crew of 4 men and a lady, which is the number allowed by Y.R.A., is approximately 2 lbs. As regards the additional difficulty of measurement, this also is over-rated. All that is required Now if an existing model, which we propose to bring up-to-date, happens to have plenty of displacement but be rather short of sail, we can apply this 2} Ibs. as a lift and measure as a much smaller hull and receive accordingly a bigger sail area. If is one simple and inexpensive appliance to apply the lift, and a little of that care and commonsense with which all club measurers are undoubtedly endowed. as otherwise they would not be occupying these responsible positions. on the other hand, our boat has plenty of canvas but ** is short on the L.W.L. or displacement, we can * * measure her as she is, and put her down by this amount afterwards, or again we can add a more lead and a little During little more sail up to the limits I.Y.R.U. The book measures 10}ins. by 8}ins. and has about 103 pages. The author was Darcy Lever, and he also did the drawings from which the many full-page engravings were made. The title explains the contents. Beginning with the elements such as ropes, knots, bends, ete., one goes on to masts, yards, sails, rigging and many other details of a full-rigged ship. The latter part of the book deals with seamanship; from the action of the rudder and of wind upon sails to methods of manceuvring a ship under all concitions of wind and weather and in sundry difficult positiors. One reads how to club haul, box haul, flat off or box off ; what to do * * two or three months we have Models by Mr. W. H. Bauer, giving Epriror, THE MODEL YACHTSMAN. OLD present writer. Its original owner was a great uncle, who commanded an East Indiaman. * * drawings of the apparatus required, including that for the application of lift, and including an example of a worked out certificate. The annual meetings of most of the Scottish clubs are now over, and nothing is likely to be done AN next * X* arranged to publish an article on The Measurement of allowed. Thus existing boats need not suffer in the least, but are bound to be improved. In fact this alteration cannot fail to be a great improvement to the class as a whole. “The Young Sea Officer’s Sheet Anchor or a Key to the Leading of Rigging and to Practical Seamanship ” is the title of an old book belonging to the the * * | BOOK. The engravings, mentioned above, are so good and clear that, with the text, they should be of great help in rigging and fitting sails to a square— rigged model after the manner of Nelson’s time. Incidentally one learns the meaning of terms and expressions otherwise obscure to a landsman: for example, Bentinck shrouds, chappelling, euphroe, puddening the anchors. The dedication is to ‘‘ The Rt. Hon. Henry, Lord Mulgrave (First Lord) and the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty.” The author returns his greatful acknowledgments to “the highly respectable individuals ’’ who approved of his work. A list of these is given and the description seems justified by it, as it includes the names of 4 Admirals, 5 Vice-Admirals, 2 Rear Admirals and 16 Captains (R.N.), as well as of 12 ‘*‘ Gentlemen of known Experience in the Merchant Service ” and 13 others, of whom 4 were Masters of American ships. On the title page one reads: Leeds; Printed by when taken aback or with the ship on her beam ends and so on. The author says, “A squarerigged vessel, when close hauled, can get no nearer than within six points of the wind.”’ The book is Rees and stiff with information. Booksellers. Thomas Gill. London ; Sold by Longman, Hurst, Orme, Paternoster Row: 1808. and all the ee : —- The Model Yachtsman. 8 HOW TO BUILD “STAR” At the present rate of progress, the time is not far distant when the authoritieswill have to seriously cater for the demands of the rising generation of model yachtsmen, and although there is already scope for youthful enthusiasts in helping their elders in sailing the larger models, there is not quite the same interest in assisting others as in trimming the yacht oneself. Nor can sailing be learnt as quickly as by making mistakes with one’s own craft and finding the correction for oneself. Lessons thus learnt are far more beneficial than any amount of book learning, and it is with the object of encouraging the beginner to possess his own craft that the following is put forward. In the United States there is a small class of rea] yacht named the “Star” Class. It was started somewhere in the region of twenty years ago, and to-day the boats number many hundreds. Clubs from both the Atlantic and Pacific Coasts, also the Great Lakes and Canada, send their chosen repre- sentatives to compete in the Championships, and- = onan ms there is some wonderful racing. Whilst in America with ‘‘ Endeavour,” it was my good fortune to race with Mr. Lindfield, of the Bayside Yacht Club, in his ‘‘ Star’ boat “‘ Maia.” The story of how we were caught in a summer storm whilst returning from Port Washington to Bayside, when the wind blew 100 miles an hour, rooting up is one which I must relate another time, large trees, but the manner in which the littleboat came through, coupled with the reputation the Class has for going out to race when much larger yachts keep their moorings, is sufficient indication of their ability. There is considerable prejudice in Europe against the Sharpie type;-which is a chine boat, but nonsuccess is often blamed to type when really the fault lies in inferior design. The “ Star” Class shows that when this type of boat is correct in design, it can- not only give a good account of itself in a blow, but also put up an excellent showing in light winds. The American ‘ Star” Class was designed by Mr. William Gardiner, who was responsible for the design of the famous “ Vanitie,”” which put up such a magnificent performance against “ Resolute”’ that the Selection Committee had great difficulty in deciding which of the two yachts should defend the American Cup against “Shamrock IV.” Both “ Resolute’? and “‘ Vanitie’’ are now rigged as schooners, and the latter has had much the better of it in racing under this rig. The Class in America is, of course, a one-design class, and its popularity can be ascribed to the fact that the boats are simple and cheap to build, coupled with their all-round sailing ability. ‘THE JUNIOR. April 1929 M.Y.’ By W. J. Danrets. Although the design published herewith is not an actual replica of the actual American “ Star” Class boat as certain modifications are necessary for the miniature, the main elements are incorporated, and whoever carries out the following instructions will not only have a model that is cheap and simple of construction, but also one that will give a most satisfactory performance and encourage them later on to aspire to larger and more imposing models. CONSTRUCTION. It must first be impressed upon the beginner that in all kinds of mechanical construction and especially in that of model building, it is essential that care and exactness should be the main considerations. Small mistakes passed over will only lead to diffi- culty later on, with the result that at the finish it is regretted; and an eyesore in a model yacht becomes greater as time passes and one gets more educated in technique. Therefore, as you proceed, let care and exactness be your watchword right from start to finish. It is my intention to give you exactly what my own procedure would be in building this craft and to leave nothing to the imagination. Our first consideration will be the base upon which to erect the moulds. The moulds are sometimes known as shadows, which are really templates of the shape of the inside of the shell of the boat at the positions shown by the sections of the design. You will require for this a piece of wood 39 ins. in length, 4 ins. wide, and 1 in. or more thick. This should be planed dead true, care being taken that it is not winding. This can be tested with winding sticks, which are pieces of wood about a foot in length and of sufficient thickness to stand on edge planed so that the edges are dead parallel. These are placed across your base board and it can easily be seen by sighting if the surface isdead true. You now mark off on the flat of the board lines spaced according to the spacing of the sections as shown. It will be observed that in any boat there is of necessity a bevel on all sections except the one that comes at the point of greatest girth of the hull, and therefore, for convenience, we must arrange for the largest face of each section mould to come over the designed. position. This means that those moulds forward of the largest section will have their after face over the line, and those aft will have their forward face overit. In order to attach the moulds to the base board, cross pieces 4 ins. long and 1 in. square should be screwed on, arranging them so that the edge coincides with the section line with the mould forward on the fore sections, and aft on those aft of the greatest section. These can be fastened by means of two inch No. 6 screws. April 1929 The Model Yachtsman. 9 It will be noticed that the mould does not actually form the complete section, the lower part being what is known as the floor bearer. A floor is that which binds each side of the vessel together across the keel. These floor bearers are merely placed in position on the moulds, being held by the centre keelson and chine stringers. Thisenables the hull to be lifted off when complete by simply removing the stem and transom screws. Another hull can then be built upon the same jig simply by repeating the floors, etc., in the manner I shall now describe. fa ¢q = & fe) a ia) x ° in = = > oO ba | < [ia] Mouvcoe PIECE | Of - 9) = Cross PECES .< 2 BUN DING Moule iz 2 A al iG [< JIG. See text. = QO Showing method of setting the boat up ready to plank. Q BUILDING 2 OF ie} DIAGRAM FLOORS oe “oat It will be noted that the angle made by topside and waterline is exactly the same on all seetions, and if you have not a bevel square you can easily make one by screwing two pieces of wood together arranged at the correct angle as shown. The mould should be one quarter of an inch in thickness and economy of wood can be made by reversing the angles when marking out. You will require for the moulds about 4ft. of timber a din. thick and 5ins. wide. Mark and cut out the moulds as shown from datum line to top of floor line. Mark on each the vertical midship line and also the load water line as shown on the design. These moulds must now be slotted to receive the central fore-and-aft member of the jig, which serves to locate the moulds in an upright position and also locates the floors. Also it allows the bending of keelson to the correct curve of profile and gives support to the latter whilst building. The practice should be to first cut a fore-and-aft slot in the cross pieces a }in. wide and a similar distance deep. If the central member is slotted three-quarters deep, it will exactly allow the edge to drop down to the datum line. The cross pieces could be also slotted each side and the central member only slotted } in. lengthwise, otherwise it will be necessary to fasten strips on either side to locate the centr.1 fore-and-aft member. All parts should be slotted and fitted before the final fixing, otherwise you m »y have to take down again because one part will not quite fit home correctly. The sections or moulds must be arranged so that they drop into the central piece, otherwise the slot for the floors will not be in the central piece to receive the floor pieces. It will be noted that the stem piece forms a continuation of the central piece and has a tag left on for the purpose of keeping it in position whilst building. This tag is afterwards sawn off and the stem planed off to carry out the continuation of the topsides: Povce The transom piece will of course form part of the finished boat, but for convenience it is made to reach down to the base board, being held in position whilst CENTRE TEL building by screwing to a cross piece attached to < “LL TRANSOM base board, the upper part being held in position by the keelson. The transom piece and stem piece should be of hardwood, mahogany for preference, the transom being three-eighths thick and the stem piece half-an-inch. aS April 1929 The Model Yachtsman. 10 ULI i = i i m id i | =... ~ ent | ‘THE M.Y.’ “STAR” JUNIOR.” Scale—One Third of Full Size. The Model Yachtsman. eet April 1929 | || U Designed by W. J. DANIELS. Norr.—The crosses at the top represent the ‘datum’ line to make the moulds up to, 11 April 1929 The Model Yachtsman. 12 lh Coots l2 i [3 i= |4 J ue SECTIONS OF ‘THE M.Y.’ “STAR” JUNIOR. Half-size. Before fitting the stempiece in position a saw cut should be put in to form a rebate as shown to receive the topside plank and also cut away to receive the keelson. This latter will, of course, be fitted so that the thickness of the floor planking willcome up to fall in line with correct profile of the stem. The floors extending from chine to chine right across the boats must next be made. Next month I will explain how to do this illustrated with a full-sized plan from which you can trace patterns for the moulds. 1 will also tell you how to complete the hull. (To be continued). April 1929 The Model Yachtsman. DISPLACEMENT 13 CALCULATIONS. By Epwarp B. Savace, C.E. It is not without hesitation that one ventures to approach the important subject of Displacement, of water equal to half its own volume and float half submerged. Its displacement will therefore be :— which has Leen dealt with from time to time hy expert designers. 5 “9 x 8 968 cuble ineher The excuse is that having been in touch with model yachtsmen in the North of England and Midlands, the writer has derived much pleasure from discussion with them on model yachting subjects. Many men who build and sail, do not venture to design, and of those who do design, the majority are guided by rule-of-thumb methods. So far the bodies have been of such simple form that it was easy to obtain their displacement by direct calculation. In the case of the submerged portion of a boat, other methods have to be employe. ‘here are several metheds by which this can Le done, but probally the most usual is by the use of ‘‘Simpson’s Rule.” This formula provides a method by which the area of an irregular figure can be computed with sufficient accuracy for all practical purposes without the necessity of a large number of ordinates (or vertical lines). To such as these a few words on Displacement Calculations, Centres of Buoyancy, etc., in unmathematical language may prove of interest. To thoroughly understand the term “‘ Displace- ment,” consider the simplest form of solid body, the perfect cube. If each side measures 1 in., the volume is obviously 1 cubic inch. Such a cube completely immersed in fresh water will displace .0361 lbs. of water. Next take a block of pine, 12 ins. by 3ins. by 2ins., weighing 31 lbs. per cubic foot, and place it in water weighing 62 Ibs. per cubic foot. Ck ae As the wood is OE 0 ' i ie eee half the weight of the water, it will displace a volume pe Un 1 f- ke eee Pat ES ia ty peSher= se Sif qe S 1 dt oe .= ‘ ; ~ H ! 1 ‘ 1 H ; ” ‘ ! 1 H : tt ww & © SF oO | sf. 2 I i i FIGURE I. i a J 1g i ’ 1 ; Ld HS ww Vertical uk _{ 4°44 $ ¢ J Sa%ns(¥ crees) Je. PTR ‘ » Horizont anl_¢ 4 5-4 § ¢ 7 49-9 FIGURE III 8 SS 14 The Model Yachtsman. SIMPSON’S RULE. In order to explain how this rule operates, let Figure 1 represent the immersed area of one of the midship sections of a yacht, the hull for convenience being inverted so that the waterline forms the base. To obtain the superficial area of such a figure, three rules have been devised, but the one most frequently employed is expressed in the following form : April 1929 As an illustration, let us take the body sections of the 24 ins. model shown in Figure 2, the curves on the left of the centre line representing the half sections from the bow end to the midship section and those on the right the sections aft. To lay down a displacement curve of the immersed body, the positions of the sections may be arranged so that one coincides with the fore end of the L.W.L. and another with the after end, the intermediate Area = (A +4B + 2C) x 2 sections being plotted at equal intervals. in which A is the sum of the first and last ordinates (or vertical lines). Bis the sum of all the even ordinates. Cis the sum of the odd ordinates, not counting the first and last. D is the interval between the ordinates. In the example given a—a is half the width of the section at the l.w.1., say 6 ins., which must be divided into any even number of equal parts. The more irregular the figure is the greater number of parts is necessary. Taking 6 parts as a convenient number, through each point of division draw ordinates le, 2c, 3c, etc., as shown by the dotted lines. For simplicity the keel portion has been omitted. Measuring the lengths by the scale, we get : First Ordinate ah oa os42 From the areas of the half sections obtained by Simpson’s Rule (or other means which cannot be dealt with in the present article) and knowing the length of the L.W.L., it is possible to obtain the displacement without the necessity of plotting a curve at all. In actual practice, however, it may be found that this spacing of the body sections is inconvenient and if the sections were used as templates (or molds) for building. the ribs would be wrongly spaced. To avoid this the following method can be employed. as was done for the yacht whos2 sections ae illustrated. 9% Sis ‘6 «5-000 Sum exe *. .. 3.42 After laying down a base equal to the length of the L.W.L., set out on it the positions for the sections in accordance with the spacing and erect perpendiculars. Instead of the length of each of these representing a lineal ordinate as in the case of the area of the section previously taken, let the lengths represent the areas (or half areas) of each section. .. a se ~. 310 en: rr st. = Meee ot Through the points so obtained draw a curve as in Figure 3. If the hull is harmonious, a harmonious Bei! a; oa as ws = bees ox .e .. 6.84 Last Ordinate2 Sum Ordinate3 .. she ei oa 12572 ya ere re i. .. 1.94 ie a .. 4.66 Ol Sum Interval between ordinates 1 inch. Substituting these figures in the formula : 3.42 + (4x 6.84) + (2 x 4.66) x 4 of 1 inch= 13.36 square inches, For reasons which will be understood when the rule is applied to obtain the centre of buoyancy, it is found more convenient to adopt a tabulated form in displacement and area calculations as shown in the displacement calculation of the little 24 ins. model later in the article. DISPLACEMENT CURVE OF AREAS). (OR CURVE Similarly Simpson’s Rule is used to calculate the displacement of a boat, the first factor being the length of the l.w.l., which may be regarded as the base of the submerged portion of the yacht, inverted as before for convenience. curve will result. “As the condition of Simpson’s}Rule that the}base must be divided into an even number of equidistant parts, has not been fulfilled, we must now do this and plot the dotted lines as shown numbered | to 11 It will now be possible by scaling off the vertical heights to obtain figures representing the areas in square inches at the station of each dotted ordinate. By inserting these in the second column of our table, we can obtain the displacement in the same manner as if the superficial area at each point had actually been calculated. Of course if our sections actually fell on the positions of the dotted ordinates, we should take these straight away. DISPLACEMENT CALCULATIONS. In the worked example the L.W.L. has beeen divided for convenience into ten equal parts, but in practice the result would scarcely be accurate enough, and it would be safer to use say fourteen or sixteen spaces. It may be of interest to mention that the little 24 ins. model whose sections are shown has produced a model that in actual sailing compared well with racing models of even heavier displacement ; moreover, the centres are as accurate a8 it is possible to obtain them. The Model Yachtsman. The method of tabulating the displacement calculation can easily be seen from the following example, which is worked out from the 24in. boat in question : 0.00 1 0.00 0.80 2.33 4 2 3.20 4.66 4 3.88 4 13.52 5 6 5.00 5.56 2 4 10.00 22.24 i 5.40 2 10.80 8 4.47 4 17.88 9 2.93 2 5.86 10 1.28 4 5.12 Ly 0.00 i 0.00 Distance apart of ordinates – 1.806 ins. 4D =0.602 57.35 cubic ins. displacement. To get weight in lbs., multiply by weight of cubic inch of fresh water 0.361 This final curve may be obtained when the sections are completed by adding the keeland fin, ascertaining It will be seen that the addition of the keel and fin materially alters the displa ement, and since their lateral form bears definite relation to the distribution of sail areas, it is evident that a proper dra ing showing the arrangement of the sails should be prepared before finally deciding upon the keel profile. designers NOTE.—The section areas taken in above calculation are for whole section. When half-section areas are taken, the result obtained must be multiplied by 2. To revert to the question of displacement, in laying down the preliminary curve of a boat with BIRTH Part VI. FS a Over the precise form of the displacement curve of a yacht hull, a great deal has been said, some 2.07 lbs. THE include the whole of the submerged hull, and so enable the total displacement to be calculated. the areas of the additional portions and adding the lengths representing them to the ordinates of the body curves, the same vertical scale being used to represent each square inch. The effect of adding the keel may be to produce a somewhat irregular curve due to the form of keel and fin, but this is not necessarily detrimental to sailing qualities 95.28 0.602 Multiply by 4+ D tageous to include keel and fin, as the body has its own characteristic curve irrespective of the keel. Eventually a second curve should be plotted to OF adopting THE Before the deck was put on, the inside was treat- ed with four coats of good boat varnish and so was the underside of the deck. There was nothing special about this except to note that it is a mistake to skimp this job, as the inside of the hull must be carefully protected from water just as much as the outside. With regard to external painting, the first essential which can be regarded as the keynote to success is get a good surface first. To this end plenty of glasspaper and elbow grease are the only known keys. The priming coats were applied carefully and the boats rubbed down well between each. with certain special TWINS. “The Christening.” There remains little to tell you this month as the yachts are now almost ready for sea, but I promised to give some information about the painting. curves characteristics. That a specific curve of hull areas when the vessel is at rest in an upright position produces any material effect upon the performance of a boat is difficult to conceive, since curve alters in form the moment the hull is heeled by the wind. At the same time, it is a fact that an easy flowing curve is always an indication of a carefully worked out design. ee 1 2 RS Simpson’s ProMultiplier. ducts. deep keel and fin, it is neither necessary nor advan- By THE ONLOOKER. It was the intention of the Skipper to paint and varnish, but after going into the matter carefully he decided to enamel the boats. In any case the paint and varnish method is not altogether satisfactory when white topsides are required, as even the palest varnishes are apt to impart a creamy tint. After priming and rubbing down, the body coats of paint were carefully applied and rubbed down. Two-thirds of the battle is the rubbing down, and for this purpose Mr. W. J. Daniels recommends Wetordry or one of the other brands of waterproof glasspaper. This paper is used wet and the water prevents picking up. Always allow plenty of time for drying before rubbing down. When all was ready for the enamelling there came the choice of enamel. The Skipper eventually decided on Ryland, and has seen no reason to regret Oe I at Number of Areain Section. sq. ins. 15 sai ada eneeGeedseeenaaseeedsaaeeeseeee April 1929 _ 16 his choice. These people also make an excellent ai spar varnish, and it is interesting to note that Major Segrave’s record breaking car ‘‘Golden Arrow” and the motor boat “Miss England” were both treated with this brand. a April 1929 The Model Yachtsman. Whatever brand is selected, however, it is essen- tial to follow manufacturer’s instructions explicitly if good results are to be obtained, and also to us the special undercoatings prepared by the makers of the enamel. Between each preliminary coat go over the whole boat carefully and where necessary use a good brand of woodfiller. The Skipper was particularly virulent in his admonitions not to use shellac for this or any other job on the boat. As regards the final enamelling, the Skipper found Rylard exactly the same to work as any other good make of enamel. A good flowing coat was applied, using a good brush and in a warm room free from dust. It was given time to set absolutely hard, and the room locked so that nobody could go in during drying and stir up dust! After the first coat the Skipper went over the job with a washleather rinsed in turps and then dusted. over with whiting, and the second coat went on quite easily and nicely. In all three coats of enamel were given. The underbodies were painted in the usual way and varnished over. One of the boats is painte | white and the other black. Both have brown underbodies with a green boot-top, so possibly their names ought to have been *‘ Black”’ and ** White.” These names were not suggested though over 50 different names were sent in by various readers of the paper. If they had been named by popular vote “ Dilly”? and ** Dally” would have had it, but these were ruled out as inappropriate to yachts. Eventually “ Guayunda’”’ and “ Paluma ” were chosen, being the Australian aboriginal for “ ‘Thunder” and * Lightning,” which are good synonyms for what they were called during their early stages. Obviously the black boat is “‘Gayunda.” It only remains to allocate the boats, and the Apprentice spends most of his spare time begging for “ Paluma,”’ as he does not like black boats, bat the Skipper has his eye on her, as he thinks she will be the faster. So now dear reader, my task as Observer of building operation is over, and I expect in due course to see the boats racing. I hope wou will join with me in wishing them good luck. FINIS. The Editor accepls no responsibilly for opinions expressed by Correspondents Letters intended for publication must be brief and to the point. They should not exceed 500 words in length and must be written on one side of paper only, Correspondents are requested to read our note on this subject on page 18. THE LONDON LEAGUE AND THE B-CLASS. Sir, At a Council Meeting of this League held on Saturday last, attention was drawn to Mr. Stewart’s letter in your March number. The Clubs which constitute this League were fully represented at the Annual General Meeting of the M.Y.A., and there is no doubt that in their opinion, as expressed through the votes cast by their delegates, was mainly responsible for the L. & 8.A. Rule being adopted as the British Candidate for the International B-class. It is on them, therefore, that the brunt of Mr. Stewart’s attack falls. With a matter of such moment for discussion, it is surprising that so few Clubs were represented at the meeting to voice their opinions. Battles cannot be won from afar, and long range guns are useless when the battle is over. For this reason alone, no good purpose can be served by pursuing the matter further through your columns. A decision has been taken and it stands. Whilst Mr. Stewart’s opinions are to be respected on most mxtters connected with the Sport, and his undeniable right to an opinion of his own on this particular ques.ion, one finds it difficult to stifle a feeling of resentment at the inference to be deduced from the concluding paragraph of his letter. April 1929 The Model Yachtsman. On the waters upon which we sail, we find the 10-rater the most adaptable class for the conditions which generally prevail, but our interests are by no means confined to this Class. Boats from Clubs affiliated to this League won the Eastbourne Cup, 1928, Bradford Cup, 1928, and out of six entries had three finalists at Gosport last year. These are, of course, all A-Class events, are we therefore so retrogressive ? It is hoped that Mr. Stewart will still admit us to the ranks of progressive Clubs, without making the proviso that we must see eye to eye with him on the subject of the B-Class. Yours faithfully, A. J. CHIL, Hon. Secretary London Model Yacht League. SPEEDY TYPES OF MODELS. Sir, As an enthusiast on Model Yachting, I, with others, naturally would like to see the speediest type of boat produced. For this purpose, I would like to see designs produced of fin and bulb boats. By allowing three or four more inches in draft or there would be plenty of designs in being as soon as the class was started from which he could build. If the boy designs and builds his own, so much the better. The measurement after being built could be done on a similar machine, to that used for the A-class, but being so much smaller could be kept in every club. To my mind the whole object of class racing, not only in real yachting, but in model yachting also is :— 1. To make boats sufficiently alike, that the boat which wins must be tuned up and sailed its best. 2. To produce a healthy type of boat (this applies to real boats more than models). 3. By restricting certain undesirable features to improve the art of yacht designing on the right lines. In the A-class, I think, these features apply so that in a miniature A-class one would also obtain them. Yours faithfully, D. B. C. PIGGOTT (Capt.). Lancashire Fusiliers, Moascar, Ishmalia, Egypt. more, we get a model that can carry her sail area as PROPOSED INTERNATIONAL B-CLASS. well as her prototype, even though she is one of the larger yachts. A point in view:—Lt.-Cdr. Behenna, in your May number describes a model of the “ Cutty Sark,” which is equipped with bulb and fin, and which performed so well, even though a squarerigger, as to hold her own with several good ten- raters. What might not a well-designed racing model, thus equipped do ? The only possible objection I can see to this plan is that the increased speed would naturally cause increased wave formation, but I think this can be overcome to a large extent in designing, not skimming dishes, but a wholesome type of hull that is easy in any kind of wind and water. I would like to hear from other readers on the subject. Very truly yours, C. J. NELSON. 154, Tribou Street, Brockton, Mass., U.S.A. PROPOSED BOYS’ CLASS. Sir, With regard to the above class I feel that there is a tendency to overlook one point with regard to the young, and that is the fact that something used by a man would be best. For instance if the choice of a cricket bat was left unreservedly to a boy, he would in all probability select a full-sized one. Therefore in framing a rule for both Iam inclined to think that a rule which would produce a replica in miniature of the A-class boat would be best. It would probably have to show more draught in proportion, but that is a detail. The question of measurement does not seem very difficult. Ifthe boat is bought, it could be sold with a certificate of rating. If the boy builds his own, by Sir, If, as Mr. Daniels says, there are three different types of model yachtsmen to cater for when the above class is settled, why not endeavour to find a rule which will suit all of them ? The A-class rule is not ideal for model purposes and was primarily intended for full-size craft, and obviously prevents the intrusion of extreme speed forms. It owes its popularity largely to the International Races. The Metric classes to the I.Y.R.U. formula are as bad as the A-class rule, being hung abound with restrictions and suffer from an even more virulent form of “ Cruiseritis.”” These qualities may be useful in the full-size craft but are useless in models. Also unless built as large scale models of the smaller classes, they are deficient in draught and displacement. The Length and Sail Area models are better as they are fast and easily measured, but are not now built as full-size craft. The International M.Y.R.A. would do well to consider whether a model of one of the Swedish Sail Area Classes would not be more suited to the purpose. Such a class would give sport in its highest form to those who wish to follow on the lines of real craft and would give those who are interested in the exploitation of speed forms an even greater opportunity than the L. & S.A. Rule. These classes are already international and the 22, 30 and 40 sq. metres are recognised by the LY.R.U. Yours, etc., WILLIAM J. E. PIKE. 25, Bedford Road, London, S.W.4. OUR DESIGNING COMPETITION. Pe April 1929 The Model Yachtsman. 18 In giving the alterations and amendments to the I.R.Y.U. last month we referred to the table of Maximum Draughts and Minimum Displacements printed in the M.Y.A, Rating Rules, 1926 Edition. In doing so, we inadvertently overlooked the fact that these displacements are given for measurement in fresh water, whereas the Rules have now been amended to cover measurement in salt water. The amended formula for calculation of minimum displacement is :— (+ L.W.L. [in inches] + 0.83)8 = lbs. FULL-RIGGED SHIP. A CORRECTION. In the final instalment of the series of articles by ** Dick Deadeye,” which we published in our last volume, there was an error which we wish to correct and at the same time entirely acquit the author of responsibility. It was a typist’s error in copying out the article, which passed unnoticed. The sheets of the stay sails on the main and mizen masts were stated to belay on the fife rails at the foot of their respective masts, whereas this should have read :— The sheets of the main and mizen staysails had their hauling parts belayed on the pinrails inside the bulwarks just ahead of the lower rigging. 27 BINDING CASES Title Page and Index is now in stock and orders should now be sent. THE Price 6d., post free 7d. Binding Cases complete with Title Page and and Index can also be supplied. Price 2/-, post free 2/3. Binding can also be undertaken. Price (in- cluding Case, Title Page and Index) 6/-, postage 9d. extra. AND_ INDICES. Bound Volumes of THE MODEL Y ACHTSMAN, Vol. 1., can be supplied for 12/6 each, postage 9d. each. The number is, however, extremely limited, and early application is avisable. Back Numbers of THE MODEL YACHTS. MAN can be obtained by any readers who desire to complete their sets. No. 1 (Reprint) price 1/-. 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In order to save time, all letters should be clearly marked in the corner with the name of Department and addressed: THE MODEL YACHTSMAN, GOLDEN HOUSE, GT. PULTENEY STREET, LONDON, W.1. Please mention the “Model Yachtsman” in replying to Advertisements. Printed for the Proprietors by H. G. Stone, Wymondham, Norfolk, and published by E. E. Marshall, Golden Gt. Pulteney St., London, W.1. House, oeoy wees ote we sesmese , — The 4a Service that Counts! SAILS CHAS. Why not have YOUR Fitting Out done by a Practial Model Yachtsman ? 8, Ullswater Road, WEST NORWOOD, S.E.27 Everything for the Model Yacht made to order. Specialises in SAILS only. Send Stamp for Price List. The finest quality Union Silk obtainable VV. H. Bauer’s in Three Grades, viz: Nos. 1 and 2. Model Yacht Fit-out and Repair Service, 33, Moscow Road, For A Class, No. 2. 10 Raters, 18f. and 1% 6m. No. 3. Spinnakers and Small Models. All Grades 1/3 per 100 square ins. (over King’s Head). LONDON, W.2. Scientifically essential “Phone: Park 4233 cut to Sails are success. y, a Official Publications. M.Y.A. Constitution and Sailing Rules … M.Y.A. Rating Rules chs a3 i 1/6d. IL.M.Y.R.A. Rating Rules… 6d. aes vee : “HEA THLEIGHTM 9d. 1.M.Y.R.A. Constitution and Sailing Rules Girls’ Boarding School beautifully situated in the Postage on any of above 14d. C. N. FORGE, Hon. Secretary, M.Y.A., Garden 151, Lichfield Grove, London, N.3. y, ‘Model Yachtsman’s’ Library | Elements of Yacht Design, 16/- post free. (Norman L. Skene). Barlow’s Tables, he Model Sailing Yachts 1/9 Apply to Mrs. C. J. FORGE, L.L.A., _,, Headmistress, “HEATHLEIGH,” HORSMONDEN, The above are obtainable from the Publishing “Model England EXTENSIVE PLAYING FIELDS os. … of 200 feet above sea level, with (Percival Marshall). Department, DROWN Yachtsman,” Golden House, Great Pulteney Street, W.1. “J KENT For Prospectus & . Terms Moderate a The Model Yachisman. J a April 1929 { Norfolk Broads Holidays| Better than the Seaside HIS year try the holdiday that is different. Explore new country and enjoy a healthy, restful change free from irksome routine, THE NORFOLK BROADS with their natural beauties and quiet old-world villages will enchant you, They are 120 miles from London, and consist of 200 miles of safe inland rivers and lakes, situated between Cromer, Lowestoft, Yarmouth and the fine old city of Norwich, with its Cathedral and Splendid fishing, bathing, etc, Castle, You hire from us for a week or longer, a fully-furnished wherry, yacht, or motor cruiser, which becomes your floating home, moving when and where you wish, inland, not on the sea, If desired we can supply an attendant to manage the boat and do all cooking, You have only to enjoy yourself, The cost, including boat, food, etc., averages £4 per head per week, We will gladly send you full details and help you with information and advice, Write us to-day. SPRING BERTH DRAWERS UNO COMPANION Attendants from £17/10/0 per week. Small ep Yachts for Two from array ie oe Che WAY Motor Cruisers like this to sleep Seven from £14 per week, A Wherry Yacht for Ten Persons and FREE 50s. peice esate per week. car ape iA :: To Blake’s Ltd., 57, Broadland House, 22, Newgate St., London, E.C. Please send me free ‘‘NORFOLK BROADS HOLiDAY AFLOAT,”’’ 250 pages, containing particulars of 500 Wherries, Houseboats, etc., you have for hire weekly. NAME ADDRESS a Ia block letters please Yachts, Motor Cruisers, #