The Model Yachtsman and Canoeist: Volume 5, Issue 3 – March 1888

Pi ENLARGED SERIBS: THE AModel- Bathtsman AND CANOHIST. FROM AN INSTANTANEOUS PHOTO. BY W. U. KIRK. WEST COWES, « + I.W. A Monthly Journal of Model Yacht Construction, Fitting and Sailing; Canoeing News; Doings of the Clubs; Yachting Items; Correspondence; Sale and Exchange; &e. MARCH, 1888. All Communications (except Canoeing} must be addressed “* THE EDITOR of The Model- Vachtsman, 161 & 162, High Street, Hull.” CANOEING Communications must be addressed “THE Enitor of The Canoetst 46, Chesilton Rd., Munster Park, London, $.W.” THE MODEL-YACHTSMAN & CANOEIST – is published on the Ist of each month, and can be had of any bookseller, or willbe sent on application to the Pub- lishers, on the following terms :— Post-free to any part of the United Kingdom, Europe or America…… paid in advance…… 3/6 per annum ded. or 1d. stamps may be sent in payment. N.%,—In sending for single copies, 314d. in stamps must be enclosed to cover postage. HuLL: Tuomas GrassaM, 161 & 162, High Street. Lonpon: E. MarLporouGu & Co.,, 51, Old Bailey. DVERTISEMENTS should reach this office not later than the 21st of the month, to secure insertion in the following issue. Rates on application. To Foreign Subseribers !—All subscriptions must be sent by Post Office Orders, payable to THos, GRASSAM, HULL; or, if sent in Foreign Stamps, please send value in one or two stamps only, of high value.—P.O.Q. made pay- able to “‘7he Afodel- Vachtsman” will not for the future be accepted. | Price 3¢., Post-free 2¥ad. * The 6 famous American Magazine, of Sport and Travel, tend its sphere by issuing is about to ex- an English and Colonial Edition. The publication of the English edifion has been undertaken by Mussrs. Carr & Co., 26, PaturNOSTER SQuakE, Lonpon, E.C., and leading pub- lishing firms in Melbourne and Sidney (Australia) have the magazine in hand. The Yachting, Hunting, Shooting, Fishing, Riding, Bicycling and Trieycling, Canoeing, Rowing, Cricket, Ice Yachting, Photography, and Travel features will be continued, with an increased number of illustrations and other im- provements. THE MODEL-YACHTSMAN AND CANOEIST CAN BE OBTAINED OF Messrs. JOHN LOWLES & COMPY., 75a, Queen Victoria St., London, E.C., Who will-also receive ADVERTISEMENTS at lowes Office Rates. 442 THE MODEL-YACHTSMAN Ags CANOEIST. Gditorial Motes. r | A Bradford Correspondent writes us t has been on a visit to Scarboro during the Exhibition of models there, and has been delighted with all he saw, and highly pleased with the evidence of friendly spirit and good feeling shown by all the Scarboro’ club officers and mems, another, and towards himself bers towardane asa visiting model-yachtsman. He wishes there could be more of the model-yachting spirit in his own town, where there are facilities unsur- passed by any place, in the form of two magnifi- cent sheets of water, one of which is always accessible and the other might be. Bradford, however, has no club, and therefore these blessings in the shape of water spaces are unnoticed. This should not be so any longer. We feel absolutely sure that sufficient members could be found in Bradford to form a first-class club. Why should the material be absent in Bradford and present in sufficient quantity in Manchester? What is wauted is the individual determined enough to proceed to the task of forming a club. Obstacles there are to surmount ; a good deal of work there is to peform ; but the man who can conquer these difficulties can form a club at Bradford the same as Mr. Robshaw did at Manchester, and Mr. Sewell at Scarboro. In case there is found in Bradford any gentleman who will attempt the task, we will tell him how to proceed. First, write a letter to the press calling attention to the sport of model-yachting as carried on in all the great seaports and other towns, and advocate the same for Bradford, not forgetting to mention the superior pieces of water existing and fit to be utilised. Ask that all gentlemen who feel an interest in the subject, _ghould send in their names. Next, call a meeting and establish the Bradford club, There may be a small beginning from this, but as soon as the formation is an accomplished fact, a few letters and advertisements will soon bring to the club all gentlemen who take {an interest in yachting, besides many others who want a quiet and sensible out-door pastime. —_o- Ir gives us great pleasure to welcome the advent of the Exe Model Yachting Club, which we place on the register this month. Reference to our “ Doings” column will furnish particulars of the club’s early efforts. The club has been formed principally for boys, and on this account will be doubly valuable as an educational institution. These boys as they spread abroad in after years may become yachtsmen, boating men, or model sailers, according to their position or preferences, at any rate, they will carry with them the recollections ofa pastime that 1s healthful, instructive, and without vice. Ye juvenile model sailers of the Exe accept our best wishes for your prosperity —e-_—–—-. and pleasure. THE FIXED RUDDER. Several correspondents have written to say they have made a model yacht from the design published in our January number, and amongst them we have the satisfactory testimony that it makes a handsome craft. There is one point, ts, however, that troubles these correspondenproand that is the fixed rudder, or sternpost, longed beyond the l.w.l. and shaped like a rudder. The question has arisen, is such a projection beyond the l.w.l. allowed in any of the clubs, and if by some of the clubs, is it of liable to lead to disqualification in case ent pertin are These n? titio inter-club compe questions, that demand an answer, and although we eannot in the case of clubs without a rule on this point, presume to tell them what course to pursue, nor arrogate to ourselves the position of judge, to decide beforehand whether they should be allowed to compete in inter-club matches, we can without stepping out of our position venture some remarks on the point, which may serve to prevent disputes in the future. The first point then is, why have a fixed rudder at all? And the answer is: to bring the keel further aft so as to give extra ied steadiness in sailing. Why not be satisfost, sternp ht straig a by tage to get this advan that will bring the keel as far aft as the rfixed rudder, which is on the rake? ‘The answe is, because a straight sternpost puts a blot on the appearance of the whole vessel; the lines may be ever go well designed, a straight sternpost will mar them; further than this, a swinging rudder does not hang well nor swing well, from a straight sternpost. With a straight post the rudder swings right across with he least movement of the boat, whereas the rudder on a raked post acts pretty well in sympathy with the movements of the boat The next question arises, is it fair after taking the length of the boat on Lw.l, to allow a part of the boat to is project beyond the point at which the length be to sight first at seem would ‘his taken? unfair, but if the projection is dead wood, there no is no advantage gained in length of ship, for and ; iness stead only extra carrying power, this steadiness a small amount of extra surface resistance is added which stops the speed. Furthermore, there is no law. against a loose rudder being steadied in the middle nor should there be against one that is carved on to the ship, so long as this is of the same form as a loose rudder, the same thickness or thereabouts THE MODEL-YACHTSMAN from where the straight sternpost would be as it is at the outer edge. We have no hesitation in declaring any fixed rudder that is much thicker at the sternpost than the outer edge, and is placed there palpably for the purpose of carrying the lines of the ship beyond the proper finishing point, that is, the end of the l.w.l., is illegal, and should be treated as all such dodges deserve, that is, ruled out and disqualified, and it is no reason why they should be allowed to compete. We believe that the advantage sought to be got by such means is only an illusion and will not pay. AT and other marine objects, and if anything could be more encouraging than the progress the club has already made it is the success of the exhibition. Although only held for two days, the financial result will be appreciably on the right side, yet this is not the cause of greatest satisfaction, the latter beimg due to the unqualified pleasure that has been expressed by the visitors to the show, and the lift it has effected for model yachting amongst the community generally. Sailing small boats is considered by a great many people the province of children, and they cannot understand men having anything to do with it. In many minds the toyshop and the model yacht are inseparably connected, and it needs a display such as the Scarboro’ club has made to convince these people of the skill required to make and sail a racing model, and of the superior character of a which draws upon mental as well as physical qualities for its pursuit. We rarely travel far out of the way to defend the model racing yacht from the term of plaything, so often applied in the form of derision. If the stupid people who make such attempts to deride, allowed their faculties to have anopportunity to work, before the impulse that guides their tongue, such foolery would not be perpetrated. There is no game played and no recreation provided which has not playthings as lnstruments. The bat and the ball, the quoit, the chess or draughtmen, what are they in themselves but inanimate objects that independently of the duty they perform, have nothing to commend them? Playthings all of the baldest type. Again, what are the games but the sheerest play? 43 and essence of it. Health and change from the rigidity of ordinary day life are its objects, and looking at it in a strictly logical way, perhaps the simpler the play the better in its effects. Model yachting may have one reproach, it shuts out the duffer; it is not so simple and uninvolved as most other out-door games, and draws forth in more even quantities both physical and mental powers. This exhibition at Searboro’ will have done much to impress these truths upon those who had not seen anything of model yachting before, we hope will lead to the authorities at Scarboro’ following the course pursued in other SCARBOROUGH. The Scarboro’ Model Yacht Club have signalised the entry into their second season, by holding an Exhibition of Model Yachts, Ships, sport CANOEIST. or less extended scale, competition is the spirit and EXHIBITION AND What is the essential manliness to be found in striking at a ball and then running from one set of sticks to another ? The fact is, a gaine or sport is play on a more towns, that is, making a proper place for the of the collection of handsome models racing displayed. The exhibition was held in the Town Hall, on February 8th and 9th, and was opened by the Mayor, Leasowe Walker, Esq., who was supported by Mr. Woodall, president of the club, (in the chair), Mr. Joshua Rowntree, M.P., Lieut.-Col. Steble, Mr. Alderman Fowler, and a number of other gentlemen. The Mayor, Mr. Rowntree, and Mr. Fowler, were all eloquent on the objects of the club, and the value of the exhibition, both to sport and trade, and we entirely agree with their remarks. The local press did ample justice to the show, and made kind allusion to our own efforts in the cause of model yachting (an allusion we read with a smile and a blush, of course). We will remind our readers that the Searboro’ club, so successful in so short a time, had the usual small beginning and owes its origin and development to the determination and energy of the Commodore, Mr. Sewell, as the promoter, and to Mr. Albert Strange, Vice-Commodore, Messrs. R. Cole and M. J. Spyer, Secretaries, and a few other gentlemen who gathered together at the first call of the trumpet. Upwards of 100 models were shown, which besides comprising the mcdels of the Scarboro’ club, which have drawn forth a wonderful amount of constructive skill from the members, numbered amongst them a generous and much appreciated loan of 10 models from the Manchester club, including the well-known steamer “Hlectra,” and from the Kingston club, the wonderful little 10-tonner “Flying Cloud,” as well as @ fine 10-ton model, and a collection of yachting pictures and photographs. Our space will not admit of all the details of the exhibits, but to quote from the Scarborough Gazette, those of Messrs. H. Sewell, A. Strange, R. Cole, M. J. Spyer, D. Maynard, P. Hill, G. Sellers, —- Benton, — Hudson, Walker, Senr., W. W. Gibson, of the Searboro’ club, are THE MODEL-YACHTSMAN AND CANOEIST. 44 worthy of special mention, and Mr. Bishop, Manchester club, with a built model (10), Mr. Goldthorpe, Manchester club, steamer “Electra,” and Mr. T, A. Bruce’s 10-ton model, all came in ‘for admiration. There were many others deserving high praise, many were excellent, and all deserving to be titled good. Yachting Ateurs. CENTREBOARDS FV. KEELS. A plea has been raised for the introduction of centreboards into British yachts, the kick off being made by Mr. Beloe, Liverpool, in a letter to the Me/d some weeks ago, and the centreboard pleaders have kept the ball going merrily ever since in the form of a weekly crop of letters in the same journal, aided by a sort of go-with- the-stream effort of the Editor. Whether they will land a goal in the shape of the consent of the Y.R.A. to the admission of centreboards on an even footing with keels remains to be seen. We hope they will not. Centreboards for small yachts and boats that are used for short cruises and in and out of harbour work, a sort of snatch an hour’s sail when you can kind of craft, are a proper makeshift and for such purposes are invaluable, but that they are necessary for our larger yachts has not by any means been shown. The whole cry for centreboards for yachts is begotten of the Volunteer and Thistle match, the result of which went to prove that Voluunteer’s centreboard was superior to Thistle’s keel in holding to windward, but that it proved the keel cannot be made to compete with the board we see no evidence at all. Thistle was specially constructed to go to leeward, everything of a holding capability, that is, flat-sided and not very thick, was cut away to save surface friction, but we venture now to express the opinion that for the sails of a fore and aft vessel to do their best she must have sufficient grip to hold the water and not be pressed to leeward in getting the forward pressure. If Thistle had possessed a board at each end in the shape of some flat deadwood, she would have carried her extra surface resistance by presenting to the wind a firm surface instead of a retiring one, and thus have been urged forward as speedily and with less leeway. We have wondered sometimes if the designer of Thistle carved out his model, ballasted her, put her in the tank, tilted her over until the edge of deck at one side was about awash and tried how much resistance she offered towards a power forcing her sideways in the direction of the immersed side. | Tf he did not do this he omitted a very important experiment, and one that would have shed considerable light on the question of whether 7/zs¢/e could hold to windward properly. Let some of our model yachtsmen try a few experiments in this direction, the dixcoveries will repay them for the trouble. Of course the most important reasoning on this centreboard question by those who desire to see their adoption, is that Americans by using the centreboard have proved that their yachts are faster than ours, and we must not allow any country to have this superiority, ergo, adopt the centreboard. This kind of reasoning is all very well if the proofs were sufficient, but the solitary instance of Volunteer and Thistle is to us by no means conclusive, and before the Y.R.A. decides to encourage the board, our Bnitishers should have the pluck not to yield the keel until they have tested it in all its forms. Another reason why the admission of the board should not be lightly allowed is that a new rule of rating is only just beginning its career, established on the understanding that it should not be altered for seven years. Keels and not boards were in view when this rule was formed ; keels and not boards have the yachts that enterprising sportsmen have pluckily ordered to contest under it. For racing pure and simple, boards will undoubtedly foster beam and disestablish depth, especially for smooth waters. Boards will undoubtedly lead to unsafe yachts and thorough racing machines. People may scoff at the idea of unsafe yachts and quote a Mayflower with 50 tons of lead run in the bottom, or a Volenteer with still more. It has been calculated scientifically that AM/ayflower is a safe yacht, and we agree that if she is carefully watched, she is. She has great stability and will no doubt go through her career without being capsized like so many of the Yankee flat-bottoms have been, but that she is absolutely safe we altogether deny, and we think that smaller yachts of the same type with relatively larger spread and in less experienced hands will not be as safe as it is advisable they should be. There need not have been any fear of the “board” under the old rules, but under the new, with no direct tax on beam, there exists fifty times the reason for discountenancing them. Centreboard advocates will say, ‘‘you are frightened of allowing it to compete, lest it should beat your keels.” So we are, but if it beat all the keels in existence at the present time, we should say it still remains to be demonstrated that no form of keel would be as good. THE MODEL-YACHTSMAN To this the ‘‘board” advocates will say, ‘then let them come together on fair terms and the best win,” but we feel sure that independent of the possible injustice to those who have keel yachts building, and this should have its due weight, there exists the still more tmportant reason that such a coming together would not effectually settle the question of superiority, even in the 7 years the new rule has to run. When we speak of superiority, we mean for allround purposes, not the speed under the most favourable conditions alone, but under average conditions, and the superiority in fostering a type for useful and pleasurable purposes, as well as for just hanging to windward. Some people grumble at the restrictions placed on the centreboard, as though a restriction was an Injustice. This is not a wise view at all. Restrictions there are bound to be; and ali those which belong to the rules of racing recognize the fact that racers to day will become cruisers to mor- AND CANOEIST. and others. Dancing terminated the proceed- ings, which throughout were of a convivial and most enjoyable character. fixe M. Y. C.—At the first annual meeting held on January 17th, the following were elected officers :–Commodore, Mr. H. O. Beckit; vicecommodore, Mr. Harry Pollard; rear-commodore, G. M. Maltby, Esq.; secretary and treasurer, Mr. D. G. Beckit. It was launched. For next race open to all vessels bers are busy on season. The body to your side. In the meantime, we hope the present regulations will be upheld, and that someone will have the pluck to buy Thistle and demonstrate that by an alteration of keel it needs no board to make her hang up as well as a Volunteer. Doings | of the Clubs. Reports for publication must be legibly written, on one side of the paper ozdy, and forwarded to the EDITOR not later than the zoth of each month, to ensure insertion in the following issue. Albert M.Y.C.—-On Wednesday evening, Ist inst, the annual meeting of the above club took place at the Cobden Hall. After the tables had been cleared, the President gave a very satisfactory report of the doings and financial position of the club. The numerous and handsome prizes, which were kindly presented by H. 8. King, M.P., C. H. Wilson, M.P., Councillors Wilson, Holmes, and Charlesworth, ex-Councillor Thompson, Messrs. Jackson, (Goole), Sayer, Kaye, Newton Bros, Mathews, Hunt and Fowler, Jordan, Gourock Rope Company, Walton, J. N. Armit (president of the club), were distributed by ex-Councillor Thompson in a most humorous speech. During the evening several songs and solos were ably rendered by Misses Empringham, Saturday, the be 18th, the st, a of the Exe M. Y. C., for prizes presented by Mr. L. Pollard. centreboarders ! prove that your device is superior to the keel for weatherliness and speed, have had, and then we ean all come over in a matches following events are on the programme, for cutters. will not tend to make us build unsafe boats, but prove it by something more than the acquisition of depth in America in the few examples we was decided that held every Saturday, and the rules, after a little debating, were carried with a few amendments, as brought in by the commodore. On Saturday, February 11th, several preliminary matches were sailed, and the secretary’s new vessel, the ‘Minotaur,’ row, and that regulations are necessary such as will promote a good all-round vessel. Ye but let us have some more evidence than has so far been adduced, and prove that the ‘‘board” 45 Odell, and Nibbs, Mrs. Ness, and Mrs. Baxter, and Messrs. Herzberg, Hopkins, Trevor, Poucher, 3rd, aschooner race. their vessels commodore is 2nd, a race All our mem- for the altering coming his 54in. ‘Crocodile,’ and Mr. Hy. Pollard is bringing out a new schooner, the ‘Revenge,’ which be a regular flyer. promises to Kingston ( Hull) M. Y. C.—The seventh annual general meeting was held at the new Club Room, Hayler’s Hotel, Albion Street, on Monday, Feb. 13th, the Commodore, Mr. T. A. Bruce, being in the chair, supported by most of the other officers and surrounded by a fairly good muster of members. The business consisted of the Secretary’s report and the Treasurer’s balance sheet for the past year, votes of thanks to retiring officers and the election of fresh ones. The Secretary’s report was satisfactory, but the balance sheet, although showing a balance in hand, spoke of a poorer treasury than at the beginning of the year. principal changes of note amongst were the election of Mr. W. Field, President, and the retirement from The the officers as a Vice- office of two gentlemen, Messrs. F. B. Ferraby and W. H. Roberts, who have held important posts in the club for some years, and whose absence from office will be much regretted. The following were elected for the ensuing year :—President, His Worship the Mayor (Mr. Ald. Toozes); vicepresidents, R. Hodgson, Esq. and W. Field, Esq. ; commodore, Mr, T. A. Bruce; vice-commodores, Messrs. W. Acaster, G. Smith, and M. Tennison ; treasurer, Mr. W. Bruce; hon. secretaries, Messrs, F. G. Wood and J. R. Windsor ; boat-house secretary, Mr. G. H. Gilleard; signal master, Mr. John Twydell; auditors, Mr. F. B. Ferraby and J. Tindale ; general committee, Messrs. A. Carr, G. Cross, W. Hewson, G. Lister, W. Morton, J. G. THE MODEL-YACHTSMAN AND CANOEIST. 46 Smiter, J. Simons, N. G. Andrews, W. Homan, G, H. Smith, G. A. Curtis, and J. Penrose. It was decided to offer a challenge shield for inter-club competition amongst the East Coast Clubs, which will include those of Scarboro’, Kingston and Albert, of Hull, Grimsby, Goole, and Boston, the conditions of which will be shortly submitted, and this will, no doubt, lead to an annual meet of these clubs, and be the means of interesting trials between the models of these towns. Goole M.Y.C.—We have every reason to be satisfied with our progress: we muster nearly 40, who have already paid entrance fees. We have waited upon the Aire & Calder Navigation Co., to petition for the use of the canal, the only likely place to sail on, and anxiously await their reply. If we are successful we propose sailing our openWe have about 12 ing matches on Good Friday. new boats under construction. Dundee M.Y.C.—A general meeting of the club was held in Lamb’s Hotel on Feb. 14th, the Commodore, Mr. W. Anderson, in the chair. There was a large attendance. Aiongst those present were Captain Yule, Mr. WW. B. Thompson, Mr. Plenderleath, and Mr. Alexander Mitchell. It was reported that five cups had been presented to the club for competition amongst the members, by Mr. W. F. McIntosh, Provost Hunter, Messrs. Bell & Sime, Mr. John Fleming, Ex-Bailee Robertson, and Messrs. Brown & Faws, and they have been allocated as follows, in respective order, 5-tons, 1o-tons, 15-tons, 20-tons, 25-tons, 3o-tons. It was arranged to have a friendly match on an early date with the Broughty Ferry club, to take place on the ground of the latter. The principal business of the meeting was the presentation of a model yacht to Provost Hunter, President of the club. The Commodore, in making the presentation, said they were very proud to have the Provost there that night, and also to claim him as a member of the club. Some of them thought the Provost as a member should possess a yacht, and, having Jearned that he did not possess one, they resolved to make him a present of one, which they trusted he would be pleased to accept along with the good Provost Hunter, in wishes of the members. accepting the gift, said it had always given him the greatest pleasure to encourage everything that was for the social well-being of the community. He was not one of those morose people who did not like to see people enjoying themselves. He did not pretend to have any particular knowledge of yacht sailing—in fact, he never was a great sailor. He knew the club was giving a great deal of in- struction, amusement, and pleasure toa great many, and he could assure them it would have his very hearty support. He thanked them for the hand- some present, and he would do all he could in the interests of the club. ‘The yacht, which was designed and built by Mr. J. Cant, jun., and decorated by Mr. J. Hind, is a model of a ten-ton cutter, full rigged and is named the ‘Hilton,’ in honour of the Provost’s estate in Fife. A vote of thanks to the Chairman brought the meeting to a close. A large number of new members were then elected. George M.Y.C. (London)—No matches have been sailed in connection with this club lately ; but the members have been employing themselves by fitting up the boat house, which has lately been built. A sweepstakes match was arranged for the Tuesday after Christmas, but it could not be sailed owing to the ice. A club meeting will be held at the end of March and sailing will be commenced as soon as possible. Several new boats are in course of construction, and some of the old boats are being altered, so the members are looking forward to some excellent sport this season. London M.Y.C.—Yhe third annual meeting of this flourishing club, which races on the Round Pond, Kensington Gardens, was held on the 2nd February, at the Crown Hotel, Kensington, when, in the alsence of the president, Lord Brassey, the chair was taken by T. F. Drinan, Esq., the Commodore, ‘The report, which was highly satisfactory, met with the approval of the members, and was duly passed. The balance sheet showed the finances to be in a sound and improving state, and, now that a convenient boat-house has been secured in Kensington Gardens, there is every prospect of a successful season, The club racing commences to day, 1st March, and matches are arranged for every Thursday throughout the season, The vessels will sail in three classes :—r1st class, 15 rating, L. and S. area; 2nd class, ro tons, Y. R. A. “1730” rule; 3rd class, “240”, Club measurement; so that ail varieties will be provided for. M. Y.C.—Very little sailing has been Manchester done for the past few months, on account of the inclemency of the weather, &c., but the members have not been idle, most of them have been pre paring something new, and several have been busily engaged for sometime past in getting their models into showing form for the Scarboro Exhibition, which according to report was a decided success. We held our annual social gathering and distribution of prizes on the 4th of February, at the Crosby Hotel, Withy Grove, Manchester, and a very enjoyable time was held; toasts, songs, recitations, &c., being the order of the evening. Our worthy and jovial Vice-Commodore occupied the chair, and Mr. C. G. B. Corbett, the vice-chair, and between them they never let things flag for a THE MODEL-YACHTSMAN AND CANOEIST, moment; in fact, we were surprised when the landlord warned us time was up; we wished we had an hour or two more. Space will not permit to give particulars of the programme, sufficient to say that it was all very good. The toast, “other clubs and model-yachting generally,” was very enthusiastically received. Mr. Goldthorpe also made a very humorous speech in reply to the toast, “The Manchester Model Yacht Club.” Our general meeting will be held early in March, and we shall begin sailing in earnest at the beginning of April. Kingstown (Ireland) M. Y. C.—On Saturday, 18th Feb., an ordinary committee meeting was held, and a few matters of minor importance were transacted, but nothing of importance was considered. The next meeting, which will be the opening general meeting of the coming season, will be held on 17th March, when the officers will be elected for the ensuing year, Liverpool M. Y. C.—The twenty-fifth annual meeting of this club was held in the rooms of the Toxteth Social Club, Park Read, on Feb. 5th, the business noted on the Agenda being to receive the Report and Statement of Accounts for 1887, and to elect officers for the coming season. ‘The committee in their report refer with pleasure to the continued success and prosperity of the Club, as demonstrated by the increase of membership, and the large number and value of the prizes sailed for during the past season, and referring to the interclub matches sailed at Manchester, Southport, and at Sefton Park, express the hope that these inter-club contests, which do so much to improve the sport by bringing model yachtsmen together in friendly rivalry, will be continued on an extended scale during the coming season, A pleasant feature of the Annual Match for the ‘Mayor’s Cup’ was the presence of the donor (Sir James Poole) an old yachtsman himself, and winner of many trophies on the Mersey, who greatly enhanced the value of his prize by personally presenting it to the winner (Mr. David McHardy) and while complimenting the members upon the improvement evinced in the design and construction of their sailing and steam models, His Worship took occasion to address to them some kindly words of encourage ment and advice, which will no doubt bear good fruit in the future. The statement of accounts shewed :—Receipts from all sources, £120 16 6, against payments £113 6 4, leaving £7 10 2, to be carried forward, in addition to £80, reserve fund in the Bank. Prizes to the value of £80, were competed for during the year, “50, being for cash prizes, remainder for Cups, Trophies, etc. The principal winner in the sailing division is Mr. David McHardy, who has taken prizes to the value AT of over 415, and thus becomes entitled to the Captaincy. In the steam division, Mr. A. Craw- ford, owner of the redoubtable ‘Greyhound’, heads the list, but is ran close by Messrs. W. Tharme, J. Clarke and Thos. Evans. ‘The officers elected for the year were :—President, Mr. A. J. Fairrie ; Commodore, Mr. T. B. Sill; Vice-Commodore, Mr. P. J. Foulkes; Rear-Commodore, Mr. T. C. Morris; Hon. Treasurer, Mr. T. H. Hodd; Hon. Secretary, Mr. R. Richmond; Trustees, Messrs. Dersie and Adlington; Auditors, Messrs. Donaldson and A. Long; Stewards, Messrs. Crebbin, Hardy, and Richards; Captain, Mr. D. McHardy ; Committee, Sailing Division, Messrs. Bell, Kiffin, Gallrake, Russell, & Marshall; Committee, Sailing Division, Messrs. Crawford, Evans, Johnson, Capey, Clarke, and McKee. Corinthian M. Y.-C. (London. )— Since the last report the weather has been not at all favourable to the sport, but in spite of weather and other considerations, we have had the following matches: A 5-ton match at the Long Pond, Clapham, and a ten-ton match. There were 3 entries in the 5-ton match, ‘Volunteer,’ ‘Vic,’ and ‘Phillis,’ and some fine sailing between ‘Volunteer’ and ‘Vic’ was witnessed, the result being in doubt till the last board. ‘Volunteer’ won with 20 points, ‘Vic’ 18, ‘Phillis’ 3 points each. There were 4 entries in the 10-ton race, ‘Thistle,’ ‘Primrose,’ ‘Alert,’ and ‘Vera. Result: ‘histle’ 23, ‘Primrose’ 12, ‘Alert’ 11, ‘Vera’ 8 points. ‘There was a fine breeze, and some fine sailing was seen. ‘The club are making arrangements to start the next season with renewed vigour; members are busy with new craft, and it is expected that the competition will be very keen. Letters Gorrespouderice, must bear the name and address of the writers, (not necessarily for publication), Anonymous letters and enguiries will not be acknowledged. All communications to be addressed to THE EDITOR MODELS RUNNING OFF THEIR HELMS. THE Epiror, Zhe Modet- Vachtsman, DEAR SiR,—After reading Mr. Dreaper’s interesting letter in your Feb, number, giving his reasons for placing the c.E. of a model yacht abaft her c.L.R. : it appears to me that they are quite inadequate to justify such a course being adopted in every case. Mr. Dixon Kemp in his valuable work ‘Yacht Architecture” (page 89) recommends the c.g, ta be placed .01 to .03 of the length on the L.w.L. forward of the c.L.R.: this is in a full sized yacht. Does it not therefore seem necessary to place it still further forward, in a model, which is practically debarred from carrying a weather helm? His reason, ifI rightly understand him, for placing the C.E, abaft the c.L.R., is that in practice the C.E, of the sails has, so to speak, described an arc to leeward of the model, thus bringing it a little forward of the C.L.R. But he seems to quite overlook several other alterations in the conditions of the problem, which occur in practice, and may materially affect the steady sailing of a model. The resultant force of the wind at the c.E. has quite altered its position: the headway component being 48 THE MODEL-YACHTSMAN AND CANORIST. now out to leeward tends to bring her closer to the wind. This tendency will be increased when she heels over, but will be partly counteracted by the immersion being greater on the lee than the weather side. Then again, her C.L.R. moves further forward, owing to her oblique motion through the water causing an excess of pressure on the lee bow. This would still take place but in a Jess degree, even if her sides were perfectly flat, because the lee entrance has nearly motionless water to press against, whilst that in which the afterbody moves is more or less disturbed. The way to analize the problem of steady sailing, that seems simplest to me, is to consider the relative positions of the resultant force of resistance, and the resultant force of the wind at the C.E. If these two forces are not in one and the same straight line, they constitute a couple which will make the model run closer into the wind or pay off according as the resultant resistance is forward or abaft, of the resultant wind pressure But ifthe sails and hull are so suited to one at the c.E. another that the two forces act in one straight line, she will sail steadily on her course. By the resultant force of resistance I mean the resultant of the forces of skin friction, water disturbance and lateral resistance. Of course, it would it would be next to impossible to arrive at this by any calculation, but might not it be obtained experimentally in some way by towing the hull obliquely through smooth water by a line secured at a point representing the proposed C.E. of the sails. This is merely a suggestion but perhaps there may be some model-yachtsmen who may be able to turn it Yours respectfully, to practical account, M.T.R.—BLUNDELLSANDS. THe Epiror, The Model- Vachtsman. DEAR Sir,—I have read with much interest the correspondenee at present running through your columns, as to the cause of model yachts running off their helms. Though your correspondents have given excellent advice for designing a good model which will steer well, none of them have noticed one aspect of the case. A boat with a thick keel, very much rounded fore-foot, or stern-post excessively raked, will always be a troublesome one to steer, or a very wide separation of the various centres on which the performance of the boat depends, when either heeled or upright, is a sure cause of unsteadiness and wild steering. Your correspondents’ remarks apply to correcting these faults. But boats which are perfectly designed will often refuse to keep a straight course with a sufficient weight of wind to really develop their speed. With these, the speed itself is the cause of unsteadiness, and from some experience of yachts, boats, and models of all types, I am convinced that no boat capable of the very highest speeds will be a satisfactory one to steer when those excessive speeds are reached. Those model yachts which sail at a good rate and never attain the highest speed are almost invariably the largest prize winners, for every yard they sail is in the right direction. Sometimes a very fast boat may be made to steer well by slightly checking the speed. The best model cutter I have yet seen, though she went well in moderate winds with the ordinary rig of two head sails, would not perform at all in strong winds. Her owner took out the two head sails and gave her a single big jib for strong winds, setling it on boom as long as would reach from the bowsprit end to the mast. She is now as good in strong winds as in light ; though her speed is not quite so great as when she carried two head sails. I have a boat myself which won every race last season, six in all; she carries two head sails in light winds, but will not look at it in strong weather except under her sloop rig. This just ‘‘ kills” her a little, but she steers and invariably wins easily in such weather. A Jo-ton model I know will not go well ina moderate wind because A bowsprit spinnaker, of wild steering to windward. however, set with the jack-yard topsail made her perfect in that respect, but checked the speed. Everyone has noticed that the most difficult course to steer well is a reaching one, and that undoubtedly is because of the high speed developed. All this I believe can be theoretically explained, but I have already filled so much of your space ‘hat I cannot attempt that now. I can only hope that these remarks of mine may lead some of your readers to try experiments in the same direction, and remain, Yours truly, Nona, Cowes M.Y.C. {The substance of this letter accords with what we have ascertained by experience ourselves, and what we have already pointed out in these pages, The cha: ge of two head sails into one is something we have never heard of; before, and the efficacy of which we should have doubted here we have it in black and white, however, as resulting from practice: one ounce of which is said to outbalance a ton of theory. Weatherliness and steadiness are no doubt the groundwork for all other virtues in model yachts, and amateur builders should keep this in mind when they set about the task of building a model. —Ep.] OUR ILLUSTRATION PAGES. THE NORFOLK AND SUFFOLK WHERRY. The wherries are the craft that carry on the traffic on the inland waters of East Anglia, and run from 15 to 60 tons burthen;they are long shallow craft, and are very handsome models with long hollow bows and run, they draw little water, are very fast and handy, sailing remarkably close to the wind (three points) and sheet a long way in stays. In calm weather a long pole called a quant her is used to shove the wherry along, it is also used to giveThey a set off the bank when tacking in narrow waters. have one mast and an enormous sail with a remarkably long gaff, there is no rigging except the stay, which is used to raise or lower the mast which is balanced by about a ton of lead and can be raised or lowered by one man (who forms the crew). It has become the fashion to fit often to up wherries for pleasure parties, the hatches are raised acgive head room, and the large hold gives plenty of the commodation for sleeping, dining, &c., and are on whole the most comfortable craft for cruising on these inland waters: they are objects of much interest to artists yisiting the Broads, the dark sail forming a conspicuous object over the banks of the rivers. I give the dimensions of one ;—18 tons, length overall, 47ft. ; beam, raft. ; depth fore and aft, 5ft. Gin. ; draught of water, light, 2ft. qin.1s They are fitted with a small cabin aft. The drawing supplied by Mr. C. F. Bird, artist, Lowestoft. F, J. TansLey, Lowestoft. ‘FLYING CLOUD.” of This model was designed and built by Mr. Scholefield,her Castletown, Isle of Man, in 1877, and was purchased by the present owner, Mr. Henry F. Reynolds, of Hull, in wn. following year, whilst at King William’s College, Castleto Built originally for the Liverpool M.Y.C., she early distin- guished herself by taking a silver cup (2nd prize) in somen trial races. From then until the formation of the Kingsto M.Y.C, in 1881, she hardly ever saw the water, but once more afloat, proved herself to be a most remarkably stea ly ., and fast-goihg ship. During the 2nd year of the K.M.Y.C she sailed in the 4’.6” and 4′,0” classes and in the 4′.6″, won 4.0” 6 heats including 2 finals, out of 7 starts, and in the From class took the Ist prize on August Bank Holiday. the end of the 1882 season she hardly ever raced, until the early part of last year, when Mr. W. Bruce took her in hand, and altered her as follows :—-from schooner to cutterrig ; raised her from 1’ aft to nothing forward, and reduced her keel from 22 Ibs. to rolbs., at which she floated with her counter above water, by this means, bringing her waterline within the 10-ton measurement. Smartly handled and carefully sailed by Mr. W. Bruce, she has made the best record of the season, as the following account of her performances will show. Being within the measurement she THE MODEL-YACHTSMAN AND CANOEIST. 53 was able to sail in the 39” class, as well as in the lo-ton i— “t of which is duly emblazoned with a pen and ink Jubilee day June 20th, 39″ class Ist prize; 10-ton Ist — 1gin. and prize 3 prize; and August Bank Holiday 10-ton 3rd _prize.—Saturday afternoons started 13 times in each class.—-39” and 10-ton class, winning 36 heats, in- cluding 14 finals. —— fe —— ROYAL C.¢.—T. G. F. Winser, Sec., 72, Mark Lane, London MERSEY C.C.—C. Livingston, Mate, 20, Exchange-alley, Liverpool. CLYDE C.C.—H. EK. Bromhead, Sec., 245, St. Vincent-st., Glasgow. WEAR C.C.—T. O. Todd, Sec., 7, Winifred-terrace, Sunderland. FREE ROVERS C.C.—H. 8. Cook, Capt., Curator, Council House, Birmingham, HUMBER YAWL & C.C.—G. F, Holmes, Capt., Hornsea, Hull. TYNE C.C.—W. Atkin, Capt., 64, Marian-st., Gateshead. BRITISH CANOE ASSCCIATION.—P. Nisbet, Sec., 1, Water-street, Great Tower-street, City. (The B.C.A. is established for the promotion of cruises and meets, whereby canoeists in Great Britain, irrespective of clubs, may unite for the purpose of cruising, camping, and racing.) Corrections Solicited. ¥% In permanently placing this List in the MY. & €., we do so with a view of facilitating communication between Cancemen, and we trust to be fully posted in new Clubs, and in correct details regarding the above List. Mr. Grassam, on receipt of a stamped directed wrapper will post a specimen copy of this Journal with order form.—Ed. EDITORIAL NOTES AND COMMENTS. Copy continues to come to hand for this paper Iam bound in as late as the 17th of the month. defence of the rule already announced, and in the interests of the paper as well, to finally notify to all our readers that copy must be received by me on the 15th of each month—ze., posted on the r4th —and anything intended for insertion, such as reports of meetings, &c., after the r4th instant, must be sent direct to 162, High Street, Hull, where it will receive due attention. —QO— It may not be generally known, but I will make it known now, that I have not any time to spare. Gentlemen have even in their letters,and personally, made the suggestion that they did not know but that the whole of my occupation was the Editorship of the Canoeist. My gentlest reader, let me intimate this is by no means all I have to do in this I have the entire matter for a weekly world. periodical to see to as well, besides conducting as I do two businesses. ‘These facts are stated that those whom it may concern should take it into account, and try and remember, and act upon same. But I have another reason. I let no engagement interfere with the evening of the day in question when I carefully go over, and, as far as I am able, prepare, and correct, and revise my own, and other articles for this issue. After matter, owing to pressure, may often have to remain over for a month; hence the delay that has frequently happened in the appearance of copy sent. ——O— I have just received a letter from the skipper of the T. C, C. that is to say the Tyne, the envelope etching of a strikingly original character. On the space ofa couple of square inches there is a canoe, rudder and all, anchor, halyard, paddle, burgee, mainsail, double reefing: and drawn in the centre of the lattera big black pot, and something that Puzzling a looks suspiciously like a tomahawk. long while, as I was, trying to conjure up some kind of a reason for so incongruous a mixture, I can only come to the conclusion that the hatchet is for killing snakes; but why the handle is drawn in the pot as though it were going to be boiled is one of the things I have yet to learn. —O— Another interesting correspondent always indites an artistic heading to his note paper when he writes me. I had inthe early days of last week so clever a pen and ink sketch of the ‘‘Pecowsic” under sail that actually it was taken for a litho by one who ought to know. Then at the end of the week we received another in which the “Vesper” was done with equal clearness and cleverness, A few other of the young lights indulge in similar freaks, I cannot say we regret it as it shows they are thinking about the sport in which they are so deeply interested, and that they can use their pens for more purposes than writing. —o0—- On the day this Journal will go to press the following resolutions will be discussed in the R. C. C. Spring Meet. (1) “ That the club offer an extra prize—say a gold medal—for.the second class canoe (or cruiser) winning the greatest number of races during the season 88.” (2) “ That a prize be offered for one or more canoe races in which the boats shall carry DOUBLE CREWS.” podpent Talking of a double-single-canoe, rather a clumsy expression by the way, there are a good many “Severns” being built this Spring in various parts of the country. But why I use the term “ doublesingle-canoe” is this: that I strongly object to people speaking of this boat asa double-canoe. She is simply one in dimensions and in every respect is compact and complete as such, and for carrying double crew is indebted solely to a novel arrangement of deck and well plans. But if she is big enough to carry two men, and at least a hundred weight of camping gear and stores, what ? especially if she does this on more can be wanted Directions and estuary and lake as well as river. illustrations of said canoe will appear in next issue. —_0O=— I have done a bit of every kind of boating under the sun. Ihave crossed the Atlantic more than once, and the Irish Channel; have yachted in any number of tons in several of our harbours and bays, and in a dozen different spots along the coast ; have chopped about on the North Sea in a light 54 THE MODEL-YACHTSMAN skipping coble; have tried the Una boats, the Thames gig, and almost every conceivable thing that will sail; but there is no sailing that gives such intense enjoyment as that of a canoe, and no species of canoeing day after day and water after water that is so intensely jolly as canoeing with a companion within three feet of you. I) and part running, both of you are looking at the same thing at the same time, and that is another desideratum. That is not all; but you are so handy that you can both agree and quarrel, as of course you do, and then, within the next ten minutes, make it up again, without halloing at one another ever so many hundred yards away. —_—_0-— A correspondent writes as follows :-—“T see the B.C. A. have not yet managed to make a convert amI. He is I believe a lawyer; well, so /Vautelus says ‘stick to the clubs for another year”; but Iam not aware that the B. ever intended to supersede the clubs. C. A. was It is merely to perform certain duties for the welfare of canoeing and canoeists which the clubs cannot perform. We want fixed rates of carriage and railway tariff, and steamer dues, and free water on canals. Either the clubs can or cannot get these priviliges tor us. If they can get them now they could have got them years ago; and why did’nt they? Canoeists are never Jacking in energy or ingenuity; but I do not think these things ever occurred to them. The true reason was this :—the clubs, by reason of their being widely separated, had no opportunity of banding themselves together with sufficient solidity to be of any very great influence. Practically the B. C. A. instead of superseding the clubs will be the Parliament to select by universal suffrage. We do not wish to create a weapon to destroy the clubs, but a weapon that the clubs may use to destroy their own grievances.” Dover, February roth, 1888. —o— During a number of years war had waged hot over the matter of big and little canoes. In England there are a great many of the larger type of canoe, and there were three specimens of this big craft of a very interesting character on the Broads, last year. Now we find, according to forest & Stream for the present week, that owners of these boats have gone to the gates of the fortress with their battle cry for more liberty, more boat, more sail, more pace, and more dryness : 1n other words, the American C. A. is asked to either create a new class, or to alter the C class so as to include these larger sailing boats. But for its legitimate all round work will any of these equal a canoe? No: CANOEIST. The Editor in a recent number remarked that they would be ready to welcome these larger canoes as a most important addition to the fleet. Another correspondent named Kelpie says that, “there is undoubtedly a wide field for the larger craft and the ordinary A.C.A. canoe, as the boats are useful in the water where the canoe is inferior Not only can you talk about everything as you go along, but, as part of the time you are sailing of Mautilus. AND a thousand times said. to the ordinary sailing boat, and they are at the same time far superior to the latter.” The Western canoe Association in America have added a C class to include these. STRANGE BY E. B, FACTS. TREDWEN. In your last issue “ Nautilus” advises your readers zef to join the British Canoe Association, but to stand by the clubs. Now, as you point out, it is the desire of those interested in the B.C. A, (all the members of its committee but one being members of clubs), that men shall stand by their clubs and also join the B.C. A., which is formed to act with clubs and not against them. “ Nautilus” in giving this advice is certainly on a very different tack from what he was on three years ago, as the following extracts from his published writings will show : The Field, 24th March, 1885.—‘* Why is there no English Cance Association? Why no annual meet and camp? Why no inter-club afternoon meets or short cruises in company on the Thames? The Reyal Canoe Club is the body to take the lead in these matters.” The Field, April 18th, 1885, in a letter headed ‘‘A Canoe Association :” ‘* Now, assuming such craft are enjoyable, and that a considerable number of canoeists and boating: men are unaware of their charms so far, how are such craft and such men best brought together? To my mind, the best way is by a camping meet, the camp to attract the cruisers, races to attract the latest and best the art of canoe building and fitting, and the sport, pastime, and tuition in canceing with Of course the meet won’t organise itself; all productions in result will be benefit to all. clubs and un- attached canoeists must be invited to join; ground rented, caretakers hired, programme arranged, and other business done. Who is todoit? There is no Association, The first meet should be at the invitation of the parent club, the R. C. C. At the meet an Association could, if necessary, be formed, with an executive representative of all clubs and all conditions of canoeing; and finally, none but practical canoeists, owning canoes, and presently engaged in canoeing, should be allowed a finger in the pie.” This is just how the B. C. A. was formed, and what it is. The Field, May 2nd, 1885; ‘‘As to the American Canoe Association, I haxe watched its career since its birth, and at the time of my writing to 7Ae Field I had a copy of its rules and programme for 1885 before me, and my words were founded upon such rules. My contention was, and is, that one club cannot properly govern and promote canocing in all its branches in all parts of a country. That the American Association is not a club, but an association of clubs, both of America and other eountries (z.e. international), and also contains individual or unattached-to-club members. It has no permanent home, except perhaps its country. The Royal Canoe Club, on the other hand, THE MODEL-YACHTSMAN is a club simply; it is no more to English canoeing than the New York Canoe Club, is to all American canoeing, ; it is or than the Royal Yacht Squadron is to yachting simply ¢he leading club. All clubs heve some races which are thrown open to outsiders, but that fact does not make them ‘‘ associations,” nor do they thereby fulfil the work of an association.” Well, sir, “Nautilus” has been a very true prophet, although his prophecy was not accepted at the time, and I was one of the opponents of an association, not only then, but also at the meet when the B. C. A. was formed, because I feared that it might take a shape and scope that would be prejudicial to the Royal Canoe Club; but when the proposals took shape and were moulded into a form that left no room for such apprehensions, I threw my lot into the association. The proposal to found the B.C. A. emanated from Mr. C. S$. Madan, and was supported first by Mr. Richardson. Mr. Madan at the time was not a member of any canoe club, but has since joined the Mersey C. C., so he “stands by the clubs,” after joining the B. C. A., and his case will probably be that of many canoeists at present unattached, who will join the B. C. A. first and a “club” afterwards. The only point on which “ Nautilus” appears to have been wrong in 1885, is in saying that the A. C. A. is an association of clubs, while it was, and is, one of individuals. ‘The same error appears to keep “ Nautilus” out of the B.C. A. at the present time. He wants it to be one of clubs, and it was formed to be one of individuals. But, following the lines laid down in Nautilus’ letter of 2nd May, 1885, the executive is “representative of all clubs and all conditions of canoeing, and none but practical canoeists, owning canoes,and presently engaged in canoeing,” are on its executive. The differences between what the B. C. A. is, and what ‘‘ Nautilus” wants it to be, are so very slight, and the executive of the B.C. A. is so amenable to any reasonable suggestions, and moreover, what the committee cannot adopt now may be adopted by the general meeting six months hence, that it seems mere captiousness on the part of “Nautilus” to oppose the association in the way he does, instead of joining it and doing his utmost by his well-known force of rhetoric to make it adopt the small modifications he wants. Association involves compromise, for unless we are all willing to give and take and sometimes make a sacrifice of our own feelings in favour of a majority who take ancther view, no large association would be possible. I proposed, at the meeting when the B. C. A. was formed, that ‘‘ Nautilus” should be elected as one of the representatives of the Thames division, believing that the association was the very thing he had advocated and one that he would be certain to support. AND CANOEIST. 55 TYNESIDE TATTLES. THE unpretentious and seldom heardof T. C.C. is going in for a brisker season than last. The captain and cook, also two of the rank and file, are each building canoes of the Wear class, from designs drawn by Mr. Alex. McLeod, Captain W. C. C. I can advise all inexperienced aspiring canoeists who desire to build for themselves a good canoe, to get their designs from the above-mentioned gentleman, being so simple they make canoe build- ing a pleasure. WE have decided upon our burgee, which is :— Field, Royal Blue, with gold C. T. C. and a paddle through the middle of the letters. [why reverse the letters?—Ed.| Our officers for the season are:— Captain, W. Atkin; mate, F. Hepburn; cook, S. Graham. WHEN at Sunderland, a while ago, I had the pleasure of seeing Mr. Clark’s new canoe the “Iris” as designs shown in February Cazoerst. These designs being neatly colored and framed, were well worth looking at. Doing the rounds, led me to Mr. McLecd’s workshop; being cordially welcomed as usual, by that enthusiast, we were shown a new canoe on the stocks. Up to the gunwales she is built of mahogany, is ribband carvel build, centreboard boat, and looks like lowering someone’s pride in 1888 ; in fact it is a veritable racer. Wr were allowed to feast our eyes on the said racer in particular, and all the canoeing appliances in general, which being no inconsiderable thing, occupied the time profitably, until the lateness of the hour warned us to hurry up for the train. OTTER. OUR LITTLE CAMP FIRE. Ow the arst of the cold month of January, between twenty and thirty experienced, and, for the most part, prominent canoeists, met to enjoy what was perhaps the best steak supper that has been held in connection with the sport for several Winters. In a nice snug dining room, this excellently served supper was attended by a genial lot of men, whose unanimous opinion it turned out was favourable to the constitution as its promoters have sought to lay its basis of the B.C.A. Up to the present time it musters about fifty members, but instead of fifty, considering the work it aims at accomplishing, it ought to have in its roll four hundred, and it is to be hoped that before long such will be its roll call. Mr. Tredwen, who was in the chair, explained at considerable length‘ the origin of the Association, which was that a number of canoeists found themselves assembled in a cruise on the Norfolk Broads, and somebody propounded the idea “why not start an Association of cangeists the same as in America, to arrange for such a meet as this another year, and so forth?” Two tents being joined, a meeting was then 56 THE MODEL-YACHTSMAN AND CANOEIST. held, and it was agreed to start the Association. A preliminary committee was formed of represen- when asked for it—but at no other time. He is looked to on regatta days to subsidize the press by the organization. He explained that they had held several meetings, had decided on a burgee, present, tatives of various districts who were to carry on and also on a note paper crest, and also on a very beautiful little badge for members to wear as a pin, as a brooch for ladies, as an ornament for the cap, or for the coat, or in any other way that might be thought desirable, or as taste should dictate. Various gentlemen took part in the discussion at more or less length, but unfortunately, or fortunately as the case might be, the element of criticism It was and of opposition was entirely wanting. therefore a pleasingly one-sided conference of more However, to finally or less informal character. test the feeling of the meeting in a business-like way, Mr. Holding proposed the following resolution, which was carried unanimously :—That, “in the opinion of this meeting, the B.C.A. is an institution calculated to further the interests of the sport, and, as such, is worthy of our support.” Messrs. Day, Tredwen, Nisbet, Holmes, Marrable, and Meur, contributed songs. It was getting on for eleven o’clock when the meeting broke up. A FEW HINTS TO OFFICE SEEKERS. BY ONE WHO HAS ALWAYS HAD THE OFFICE(R) SEEK HIM. The first thing a man does (when he gets home from the annual canoe club meeting) after being elected to an office is to look over the club constitution and bye-laws to learn what his duties are to be, and how he is to conduct himself in office. ComMoporr.—His first duty is to sweep out the club house whenever he visits it, no matter how often, and to see that everything is in order therein, The house committee expect this of him. ° He is expected to treat all visitors to the club house well—to lunches, beverages, or anytiing else that they can by any chance be in need of at his personal expense. ‘The canoeists who are not club members expect this much of him. His time—-during business hours especially—is the property of any member who wishes it, either for suggestions about club affairs or entirely personal matters, such as sails, rig, ballast, &c. On a cruise it is his duty to do pretty much all the work, and he is expected to carry in his canoe whatever any club member cannot find room for in his own canoe, and thinks he may need by chance. before The commodore always he gets home again. heads any subscription list that is passed round if he is any kind of a man at all. The commodore must never do what he particularly wishes to do himself, if any member desires him to do something else. He must attend the A. C. A. meets to represent the club, whether it is convenient for He must always give good advice him or not personally seeing and ¢reating every reporter At the annual dinners he is expected to afford amusement for everybody all the time. The commodore always teaches the new members how to sail, paddle, and cruise. There are many other things that if he fails to do he is politically killed in the club for all time. He flies a blue flag. Vice-CoMMODORE has no duties and nothing is expected of him. If he does do anything he is considered presuming and is at once sat on. If the commodore for any reason cannot attend to his duties the vice does everything and the commodore gets the credit for it. The vice can fly a red flag, if he wants to and has one, but as nine out of ten would not know what the flag signified if they saw it, the displaying of such a flag is not vitally important. SECRETARY-TREASURER is 74e man in the club to borrow money from, and it is his duty to lend whatever sums any member or members may desire, as his dues are not expected of him while holding office and he is in constant receipt of commissions for selling and buying canoes for members, and then he always has the club money for private speculation purposes. He carries ~ . around all subscription lists and has an easy time of it generally, as he spends most of his time in the open air—on collecting tours. His opportunities for improving his penmanship are unexcelled, and the lessons he learns in bookkeeping are of immense advantage to him in after life. If a regatta subscription runs short of the expenses, or the money raised for a cup 1s not enough, he always has the first chance to make the balance good—and this is generally expected of him— making balances good. He can use club postage stamps for his private correspondence, ‘This is the most desirable office to hold.—American Canoetst. A SPECIMEN OF AMATEUR BUILDING. CANOE THe Epitor, Canoeist. S1r,—I happened to be at the British Canoe Association camp fire, and was invited to see a specimen of amateur cleverness as applied to boat building—the united work of Messrs. Day, Marrable, and Nichols, three gentlemen who happened to live in the same block, or adjacent blocks, in one of those melancholy, sombre, and silent Inns near the busiest thoroughfare in the world perhaps, or one of them at any rate, Yet here, the echoes of the night have been awoke by the hammer, the file, and the plane ; unknown and unnoted by the scores of thousands that daily pass within a stone’s throw of this ancient bedroom, or dining room, in which the little drama has been going on its, I was prepared, more or less, slow but certain way. knowing the determination of the good men and true who had undertaken this work, to see fair work, but I was altogether astonished when I saw the craft itself, noted the excellent finish, completeness, and marked excellence of the whole of the work. Generally, amateurs confine them- 57 THE MODEL-YACHTSMAN AND CANOEIST. selves to a bit of spruce, or some equally soft wood not harder than ordinary white pinc, when they essay the difficult task of boat building; but these three young men have cut out and fitted sawn timbers, have laid down a keel, and have worked a stem and sternpost, have fitted coamings, partitions and made below deck gratings, and panelled locker doors, seemingly as though they had served their time in a boat builder’s workshop. That is not all. This canoe, which as yet has not a name, so far as I know, is not built of soft pine, but of mahogany, and again, instead of being clincher it is ribband-carval built — a difference in time of probably thirty or forty per cent. The hoat itself is not pretty, but she is roomy, Beam, 2ft. gin.; length, 14ft.; depth, about 14in.; class, of course, first. She is going to carry over a hundred feet of canvas, and I should say, ought to make a good pace. The design is, I believe, original. She has a very nice entrance but is immensely ugly in her quarters, the midship section being carried to within three feet of the stern post, where it somewhat abruptly begins to fine off. Of course, buoyancy seems to have been the grand idea, as well as plenty of space inside. The after bulkhead lifts out with a view to taking a passenger. I have no hesitancy in pronouncing it the Lest Busy BEE. amateur attempt yet underfmy view. EASTER CRUISING. Tue Eprvor, The Canoeist. DEAR S1R,—I wish to ask through the medium of your next issue if any of your readers can answer me the following questions. I want four or five days cruise at Easter, and should like to ask how far it would be from Basingstoke to Kingston by water, and if said water-way is navigable between these places, and if the navigation has many locks, or rather what number of locks. Any particulars will be thankfully received. Failing this, can any cruiser sketch out for me a suitable cruise barring the Thames, the Nene, and Yours very truly, THe LAmp.itr. the Ouse. SPORTSMAN’S EXHIBITION, THE Epiror, Canoeist, Srr,—I have made it a habit for a number of years of attending the Sportsman’s Exhibition, held at the Agricultural Hall. I have always gone there solely for the purpose of seeing the canoes and boats which it was admitted to me on Saturday last, formed the most interesting I should like to ask through feature inthe whole show. the medium of the Camoezst what is the reason of the number and variety of canoes gradually diminishing year after year in this exhibition? A few years ago there was an excellent display; and even three years since there was a very fair number of canoes and boats ; but beyond a pile or two of Canadian canoes, all ef which are more or less alike, this year’s show is a blank. There are two torpedo shaped boats exhibited by a well-known Oxford firm, but without rig, or sails, or any other indication that canoe cruising and cruising canoes are of any importance in the sporting world at all. There is cither lethargy, indifference, or a want of management somewhere, surely, that such a state of things can exist. Perhaps some of your readers would give me information. Apologising for troubling you, Lam, yours truly, Rep WING. THE WEED BANK REACHERS’, THE Epiror, 7he Caneeist. S1r,— I have read with interest and amusement ‘‘Yecllow Blade’s” somewhat comical account of our New Year’s’Camp Fire, and taken a@s such it is all very well. But {I think, seeing the position the Weed Bank Reachers’ C.C. is fast rising to, among the other canoe clubs of England, a some- what more practical account ought to be presented to the canoeing public. But first, perhaps, you will allow me to correct one of ‘Yellow Blade’s” statements. As regards my “noisy and early rising’ on the Monday morning, it is substantially incorrect. I was down some 10 minutes too early I acknowledge, but not more, and may I remind ‘‘Yellow Blade” that when breakfast is ordered for half-past eight people are generally supposed to be down at that time, and not at 15 minutes past nine! The secretary reported our finaces in a sound condition, and that all the subscriptions had been paid in except ‘*Yellow Blade’s,”—will he kindly note this? Two canues have been added to our fleet, and one last by capsizing,—namely : ‘Yellow Blade’s.” Iam, yours &c, “COLLIE WHATTIE.” (Jun. mem, W.C.C.) P.S.—‘Vellow Blade’s” account of the bachelor’s dream is substantially different from that which the bachelor told me, still that is nothing to do with we, CANOE PHILOSOPHY. Launch forth your canoe, and to-day let us be, Adown the bright river towards the broad sea ; The gay winking ripples are river god’s eyes, All kissed by the sun from her throne in the skies ; The trees are all nodding and telling the reeds Tales of the water fays and of their deeds ; The willows are foolish, they hang their heads low, For some of the tales were embroidered with woe, And only the sad part the willows would hear : The world has men like them, there’s reason to fear. Away, care and sadness, we leave you behind ! Sand ropes of ambition let other men wind ! We seek health and exertion, sunshine and view, Nor fail we to find them out in a canoe. Are you burdened with grief or weary with toil? Would you seek for fresh scenes and stand on new soil ? Would you ponder in solitude, far from the crowd Whose souls form a discord, whose colours are loud ? Or see the sun rise like a king from the sea, And pitch your white tent on a heather-strewn lea? Perhaps you are sickly, your nerves are unmanned, Come into the sunshine and have your cheeks tanned. Away from the town with its maddening din: Trees whisper no malice, and waves teach no sin. A heart without guile and a body in health Are treasures ; the rich often long for such wealth. Do you seek lasting pleasure, pleasure that’s true? O, take you a paddle, and man a canoe. BLUE BONNET, LAUNCH FROM LOWESTOFT BEACH. BY F. J. TANSLEY. Tuere is no truer test of skill and bravery than a hard fought yawl race. I don’t know anything to equal the excitement of such a contest: the young seem to become wild with excitement, and the old young again. Many such have taken place on the Norfolk and Suffolk coasts, and have been the subject of public admiration. The chances of being first to the ship are much in favor of the first boat afloat : every moments’ delay is a loss: life and death often: depend on the efforts of these unrivalled Years ago these contests were of boatmen. frequent occurrence, and the cause of excitement. These yawls are the fastest open boats They are long afloat, and splendid sea boats. boats, with two large lug sails, and ballasted with sand bags and pigs of iron: those for racing are generally about five beams to length, and of 58 THE MODEL-YACHTSMAN light draft of water, and make splendid models for all-round sailing. Mr. Dixon Kemp has a de- sign of a typical boat in “Yacht and Boat Sailing.” We will imagine ourselves at one of the boat sheds on Lowestoft Beach. All is quiet, very few men are to be seen on the beach, a few men are in the boat-houses smoking or telling yarns, one ison the look-out with a glass. A strong wind from the 8.W. is blowing, with plenty of sea, enough to give it a spice of danger. The look-out man calls the attention of his comrades to a ship on the sands, a signal of distress, or Jack for a Pilot. In an instant all is excite- ment, out rush the men, shouting to their comrades who are to be seen running in hot haste from all quarters to assist in launching their respective boats. Some of them place the skidds under her bow, the stools are removed, and with shouts of ‘hold her up,” she is started down the beach. The skidds are kept in line to catch her as she comes on, and with shouts of “ve, ho, hi, hi, hino,” she goes steadily down to the water’s edge. Some of the men run with the ballast, the sails are carried down, the crew tumble on board, some place the ballast, others prepare the sails, the sett is brought down and placed on the stern, the mizen is hoisted, and watching a chance, the cockswain shouts ‘‘Now’s your time, lads, off with her,” and with a loud shout, she is launched with a run by the shoremen. For a moment she seems to hang, but the white foresail goes up with a run, and away she goes at flying speed. The crew place themselves at their stations, a trusty beachman takes the fore sheet (a most important post), some go to the buckets and commence to bail out the water which is already rushing in on the lee bow, at the same time the opposition yawl is launched, and a most exciting race takes place in a strong wind and sea. This is very dangerous work, and requires the greatest skill and coolness. At the boat-sheds the progress of the race is watched with great interest and excited conversation. ‘lhe contests are often very close, only a few lengths separating the boats for several miles. Now they near the breakers on the sands. It is a sight not to be forgotten to see them cross the sands, now lifting her bow on the top of a sea, now swish she goes into the foaming hollow; “look out,” cries the cockswain, ‘‘there’s a nasty one,” the fore-sheet is slacked and the boat eased to the sea, which strikes the bow, covering the crew with spray. The danger passed the sheet is hauled in; this is repeated till the sands are cleared. The greatest caution is used in crossing broken water, this danger over they are again sailed to the uttermost, plenty of water being shipped, but accidents are of very rare AND CANOEIST. occurrence, The ship is reached and the leading yawl lowers her sails and beards her. The value of such boats and their crews cannot be over-estimated, and are an honour to the nation, ever on the alert to do their duty. The defeated yawl on her return is often the subject of derisive remarks from their opponents, not calculated to improve one’s temper. contest with the gigs, A racing six or eight oars, was quite as exciting and dangerous. IMPORTANT NOTICE. On and after October rst, we shall insert in a prominent place in this Journal, advertisements for the sale or exchange of CANOES or BoaTs, at an uniform charge of 1/- for each insertion, not exceeding 40 words—displayed as under. FOR SALE, Mahogany Kob-Roy Canoe; can be seen at Turk’s Boathouse, Kingston. Main and mizen masts and lugs, jointed paddle, boat-hook, rudder, foot-steering bar, apron, anchor, tent, long well, good stowage, good condition, P, H. Freeman, 21, St, George’s Square, S.W. £9.— Gechange *& Sale Coline. RULES. The charge for inserting advertisements in this column is 4d. for twenty words, and 1d. for every additional five words or portion thereof. Name and address when published are connted in and charged for, and if a number at this office be given instead, Id. extra for each advertisement is charged. ‘4d. or id. stamps may be sent in payment. Advertisements must be written on one side of the paper only. REPLIES.—In replying to numbered advertisements, the answer must be sentin a blank envelope, sealed, with the number of advertisement written on the corner, also a Id. stamp (#o¢t affixed), these to be enclosed in another envelope directed to ‘‘The Editor, ‘Alodel- Vachtsman,’ 161 & 162, High-Street, Hull,” who will direct and forward the envelope containing the reply to the advertiser, Please observe that the stamp must #e/ be affixed to the envelope containing reply. No post-cards forwarded. FOR SALE. Schooner ‘‘Neptune,” 4ft. 9” Lw.l. x 18” beam, displacement 45 Ibs, Pure American type, built at Boston, U.S., specially for racmg. Clipper bow, and carved figure of Father Neptune. Fast sailer. Complete with sails 44.— Schooner ‘‘Phryne ” 5ft. Lw.]. x 13” beam, displacement 65 Ibs. Planked with mahogany, and finished in very superior manner. Clipper bow, carved figure and name board. Sails fast on every point, especially to windward. at the Liverpool Shipperies’ Exhibition. Shewn Complete with sails £§.—Cutter ‘“‘Ruby,” 1o-tons. Designed and built by C. Bathurst. Cedar planking. Complete with sails £4.— New Steamer Hull, 6ft. x 9!in.—displacement 60 Ibs. Yacht model, clipper bow and long counter. Bored ready for shaft £4,—-New Steamer Hull, 5ft. Gin. x gin.-—displacement 50 lbs, Straight stem, Atlantic Mailboat type. Bored for shaft £4.—Smaller ditto Launch type, 4ft. 6in. x 7 }4in.—displacement 30 lbs. Fitted with shafting, and 3 bladed Hirsch propellor, Easy lines, and very graceful boat afloat £4.—New return tube Copper Boiler, with water pockets at each end. [Eclipse pattern. Suitable for oft. boat. Fitted with powerful lamp, and all necessary mountings and connections £4.—Also, 2 pairs highly finished slide valve paddle engines, and wheels for same, with patent feathering floats—particulars on application, THos. H. Hopn,*.88, Belgrave Rd., Liverpool, S. THE MODEL-VACHTSMAN AND CANOEIST. R. J: TURE, \4 / / Boat and Canoe Builder, —}—1] UR ese ~ sic _ _KINGSTON-ON-THAMES. “@ Head-Quarters of the Royal Canoe Club. Builder of the “‘Nautilus” and “Pearl” Sailing Canoes. Cruising Canoes Built, Rigged, and Finished Complete with ali the latest improvements. A Large Stock of New and Second-hand ones for sale, MEDALS FROM ALL THE LATEST £XHIBITIONS. SOLE AGENT FOR THE “RADIX” PATENT FOLDING GENTREBOARD. The ‘Boddington’ Boating Stove ($ THE PERFECTION OF A COOKING APPARATUS For Canoeing, Camping, and for Use aboard all small craft. Economical! Safe! Quick! Clean! Inexpensive ! And may be used whilst under way. A Gentleman writes: “Just the very thing I wanted.” Another says:, ‘No Canoeist should be without one of them.” W.C T. &R. SMITH, 34, Store St.,London, JOHN J. JACKSON, SAIL MAKER, NORTHWICH, Cheshire, &c, MANUFACTURER OF SAILS ror YACHTS BOATS,CANOES, CANOE SAILS A SPECIALTY. TENTS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION MADE TO ORDER. Maker of Sails for Canoe **Charm,” winner of the Royal Canoe Challenge Cup, 1887. SPORT IN AMERICA. Angling, Shooting, Yachting, Canoeing Natural History, The Kennel, Travel. “FOREST AND STREAM,” Awe journal containing sketches of sport in America—angling for selmon in Canada, trout in the Alleghanies, biack bass in the Middle States, and tarpo nin the South; accounts of shooting elk, buffalo, deer, antelope, big-horn, bear, and other big game; wild turkey, grouse, quail Its pages are full of interest for all who enjoy well-written papers on travel and sport; and the descriptions of sporting localities and newly-opened countries are of special value to those contemplating a visit to America for pleasure or for a permanent home, The “ Forest and Stream ” also gives much attention to practical Natural History, Yachting and Canoeing. TERMS: £1 per annum. For sale by Davirs & Co., 1, Finch Lane, Cornhill, London, who will FOREST AND STREAM PUBLISHING CO. 39, Park-row. New York, U.8.A. ae —Bronzes for Model Yaehts’ bottoms, HrOnzZe. easily applied—form a good smooth hard === surface—and add to the appearance. Post-free, in 102, Packets : Gop, Vo. z, 9d; Mo. 2,10d. EPPS’S CURA -CENE or WINE of OZONE is the true strength-giver and health-restorer, nourishing both body and brain, supplying mental and physical power, and nerve and brain food, Itis not at all like medicine, being entirely different to anything ever before introduced to the public, and tastes like some balmy, fragrant, and delicious nectar. EPPS’S CURA-CENE in a few minutes removes all pain, purifies and enriches the Blood, thereby rendering the skin clear and transparent, and the eyes bright and brilliant, sharpens the intellect, strengthens the constitution, re-establishes the health, thoroughly re- vitalises the system, and is the one unfailing remedy for debility from whatever cause arising. EPPS’S CURA-CENE will also be found highly beneficial in all diseases of the Heart, Chest, Liver, Lungs, Kidneys, Stomach, and Bowels, and there is scarcely a disease but what will be benefitted by it, and in all human probability, cured. While all other preparations are slow and uncertain in their action, taking days, and sometimes weeks, to produce an effect, EPPS’S CURA-CENE acts at once and gives strength in one hour, and has been known to restore health in less than a week, even after the failure ofthe usual remedies. This remarkable preparation not only contains all the materials necessary for the foundation of a new constitution and preventing or curing disease, but also evolves every- SEND FOR CIRCULAR TO and “prairie chickens.” STRENGTH FOR THE WEAK. | Copprr, Is. Address, Alpha, this office. thing required for forming rich, pure, and healthy blood, muscle, flesh, bone, brain, &c., amd contains the very elemen’s of LIFE, Testimonial from Sir Charles Locock, Physician to the Queen. “ T have for some years recommended HPPS’S CURA-CHNE jn cases of Gastritis Pyrosis Gastralgia and General Debility and break up of thesystem with the most satisfactory results, and when persevered with it has always seemed to give fresh life to the languid and exhausted, and health, strength, and energy. By its use the dull, the sluggish, the lazy and languid arise in the morning well and refreshed, with an appetite for food, and fit for study, society, or business, Itisa very elaborate and useful preparation, and I have known it cure some of the most complicated and obseure diseases that had defied the efforts of the most skilful physicians. I have read the statements put forth by Messrs. Hipps in regard to its qualities, and consider they are not in the slightest degree exaggerated, and therefore have much pleasure in recommending it. CHARLES LOCOCK, M.D.” This wine is perfeetly free from aleohol, cures alcoholic craving, and restores to the system whatever it requires, the absence of which often causes the debility. The secretions are all brought to their natural healthy condition, and physical decay arrested. This wine is as certain jn its action as that water quenches thirst, and it is far more exhilarating and strengthening than anything containing alcchol, and its benefits are lasting. In bottles at 2s. 9d., 4s. 6d., and 11s., carriage free. Sold by most Chemists, but any Chemist not having it in stock will procure it; and there is a great saving in buying the larger sizes. Testimonials from Six Charles Locock, Physician to the Queen; Mr. Cisar Hawkins Sergeant-Surgeon to the Queen; Sir Erasmus Wilson, Physician, and dozens of other eminent Medical men, sent free, ~PPS & CoO., – 866, Albany Road, Camberwell, LONDON. » – ~~ 60 THE MODEL-YACHTSMAN AND CANOEIST. The LARGEST. STOCK of Model Yachts and Engines IN THE WORLD. JOHN BATEMAN & COMPY. MODEL YACHT BUILDERS, ENGINEERING MODELLERS, &c 131, HIGH HOLBORN, 29, Cheapside, E.C., CUTTERS. STEAMBOATS. LONDON, W.C., “The Original Model Dockyard ” 53, FLEET STREET, E.C. FITTINGS FOR MODEL SHIPS. MODELS The most reliable House for First-class Fittings of every description. rar, ORDERS ENGINES, CASTINGS, &c. and REPAIRS executed by Skilled Workmen on the Premises. ESTIMATES SUBMITTED. Bateman’s graphically descriptive and profusely illustrated Handbooks (with price lists) TO SCALE. MODEL STEAM-ENGINES, Telegraphic Address: ‘“‘Hxperiment, London.” Sa MADE LISTS FREE. Cylinders, Pumps, Guages, Safety Valves, and all the Separate Parts. —Established 1774.— MODEL STEAM , BRIGS, | Blocks, Deadeyes, Wheels, Skylights, Flags, 117, Fleet Street, E.C., 104, Strand, W.C., and SCHOONER of “*Model FIRST-CLASS WORKMANSHIP Microscopes, Telescopes, Chemical Chests Magic Lanterns, Balloons, &e. STEVENS MODEL DOCKYARD, 22, ALDGATE, LONDON.. SEND 3¢, FOR ILLUSTRATED GATALOCUE, 100 ENCRAVINCS, 30 % Cheaper than any House in London. Engineering” 6 stamps; “Model Shipping” 4 stamps. Notice of Removal. SOHN LOWLES & COMPY. Grperimental Engineers, TAYLOR BROTHERS Have transferred their business to HITCHEN & SQUIRE, 36, South Castle Street, LIVERPOOL. Model Yacht Builders, &ce., &c. FITTINGS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION FOR MODEL YACHTS. ACTUAL MANUFACTURERS of every description of STEAM AND SHIP FITTINGS of the highest possible quality. The Finest Collection Models IN of highly-finished THE WORLD, on view at the Show Rooms: 70a, Queen Victoria St., LONDON, E.C. {Ship Builders and the Trade supplied.) ocks & Deadeyes–6d. doz. PRICH && Price Lists and Estimates Free. Telegrams: “ John Lowles, London.” PREF. Silk Ensigns, Racing and Club Flags, from 24d to 1s. each. STRIPED SAIL CLOTH: No. 1….,.Stripes 34” apart…… 634d. P ue Both > Ne), oe 814d wi) 36” wide Postage extra. HITCHEN & SQUIRE, Flag & Banner Makers, Bazaar & Fancy Fair Fitters, Public Deeorators and Iiluminators. Liverpool Exhibition, 1886. FAST GOLD MEDAL. RACERS) | Tonnage or Length, FROM Factories: 25, Bread St. Hill, E.C., and Enterprise Steam Works, Bowling Green Lane, E.C. Double Ball Stanchions.-1s. 6d. doz. LISTS SPECIAL DESIGNS. SPARS AND SAILS to order. Special fine light and strong SAIL CALICO, 1/- per yard, STRIPED CALICO,……wide stripe, …8%4 ; H. THOMAS & «++. Narrow stripe…634 Co.,, a3 ,, Address to 162, High Street, BULL.