The Model Yacht: Volume 1, Issue 12 – December 1929

I..-i..-A.-A.-I-.-..-.-.-A.-„-.. LIN~COLN MEMORIAL POOL, WASHINGTONy D. C. :&m ri,5,®Bnddr – fl®2® z&, ff HIAR ._._vi._.`~_”.4„`._i Model Yacht Racing Associa-=t-ibm of ;::::t:nE::nc:#¥:§;i:::st#y:§¥bga;i:%:::R;:;::::::::::i:§{§,:§n;g¥h;£L;:,:s;C;:g:§§j]:f¥n:§j:rff:: OFFICERS -PrGside#£.. WELLINGTON RINDGE, 1717 Beacon St., wiban, Mass. y..ce-Prcs¢.de#’j.. A._ 8. RE¥NOLDs. £G,CG’£#;..AE.X:Et¥¥:;£Z3£o]g3etrtat+:.¥br¥6.ky£,Ski?g+?n.D.C. Directory Of Affilintap F\ubs BosTON M. Fvri£..L p]cEON, sccrctcryi 131 Colchdge Street CENTRAL PARK M. Y. C., iHOWARD699RivFFez9Tis47iic’s`i°:g{,NewYorkcity cHICAG°M,-oYincT.6EN333r.sfG##n’ey’Avenue,Chicago.in. Other Clwhs HOLI,YWOOD M. Y. C.. r MORTON Moors, Sccre!ary, 1418 N. Spaulding Avenue. Hollywood. calif , HU9UEN°TAr.Tirx±TC=Lx, conrmedore` ` 203 Great Kills Road, _ _ CLEVELANR.Mri.vB-E€€’mR,cOw”edo”. Great Kills, Staten Island KANSAS CITY M. Y. C.. L.A.SHERroEs¥Z7#&#tic£`6rc&Vaenn£:.city.Mo. DRTRolT M. ¥. c., res ANGEI,rs’M. ¥.I c.. S07 Electric Building _ w. C. V]NCENT. Sac”`a’y.i55i6 Bay|is8 Aveoue I. E. LANDBR. |ACKSONV}#3.r#ayio£’adJE.idReercati;°anckB£¥vifle,Fla MARBLEHEAD M. Y. C., MONTCLA]%.MF..¥i:D.,;££geel#„pperMontchir.N.J. MELrosEHFT.GLiLWA°rd°ESsrJ#i:65`{t::`ea:t’,’Marbicheed.Mace: 4.R.BRoWN.SGC’C`8a3’£6ei:£WH¥ghisa¥ga:’Mase` oGDENPARRKOB¥;TYifwH6IBoS:¥C#%’pse..Chicago.Ill’ SEATTLE M. Y. C., PROSPECT PARK M. Y. C.. sENFRANICEfo%o#.sYkeEcii6SeKoreegtak3’s`reet.sanFtandso 5425 Third Avenue, Log Aneele8 ARTHun W. BACRER, 5119-27th Avc.. N.E., Seattle. Wash. I F. H. TuexF4.€%ff’5treet, B[coklyn. N. Y`. Boys. Chob ‘ I)BLAWARE M. Y. C„ ::Huo:D::E:Ss:Tii:¥Hm;;NE:ic:i!;got:i,;k::a:tr::R:: TOLEDOM’AY`£…vounGQ#Ift:SHC]ff’&’fiooHoledo,oho wASHINGTgTG¥b¥incriLNMSccrGfery’cier[8office. -=U. S. Coiut Horace, Wachirigton. D. C, ROBERTEf7S68BUBRrgb£°s”t#trwiimington,Del. L|NcoLN[uF¥:gir¥.w¥].ssinN, 26 Clayt.on Street. Malden; Mass. •-~+`.~T-`.’k.A£;HYi3.J:1C3iB8h#:re63#t.Meridett,Cjnn. MERIDEN M. Y. C NORTH SHORE M. Y. C.. JACKA.W^R]¥gzBcffa?d¥n°’Sireet,Chicago.’I`[ For Your Book Shelf A h§t of I)ode and unag¢gjinis of intereJt to unodelmen and anodelunchers – BOOKS •,I- Y Build a Winning Model Yacht …. ‘Thomas Moore Miniature Boat Building. ` …… `Albert C. Leitch Elements of Yacht Design ….. Norman L. Skene -b. Ship Model Making (3 vol.) …… E. A. Mccanh MAGAZINES THE MODEI, YACHT The Modelmaker New Yock ‘ ‘ The. Model Yachtsman ,……. YACHTING =::: ew York `London New York THEM°DELYAC8:.,I:r:?’asEec€s?88jhE:aftt££d:s¥:ts:`*Cn:c::ri;o¥N¥r#’..,¥.bgchrtE::;td°£:t~:oii#!:c{,:?;.:Tgh;?::Chi’ahr:£r5=t|’9¥;¥:’t¥ca8h]ngton’D.C. / , 72 2 ff H mB MODmBm9 cur2AI®Hff The Magaeine of Model Y achting Vol. I SBPTEMBER,1929 No.12 e4/4z.o7z Wins International Event at Gosport €nghsb Boat Clafues Clbree-Day Series f or “Ydcbt¢rig JMantbky” Cttp -” Bostonid;” the q]§triner-UP pry JOHN BLACK The British Eliminations Ftoh::::::sstiti:e:ni:t:.h:aTis::ge|ofc:i:rr::i,n%:os: The first race of this series was held on Monday, port weather prevailed, with plenty of wind and rain, July 29th, in strong westerly winds, giving a beat and a run. There were eighteen entries -many less than and for the seventh time England successfully delast year. It was decided to sail one complete round fended the cup. Strong winds blew during both the British eliminations and the international races, and in the first two days, and then to sail the leading second, third and fourth suits of sails were used at eight boats on the following two days for three rounds each. Competition was very keen and many times. An unusual feature of this year’s race was a very large tall gas tank, to the southwest, not very close races were features during the day. There were several fouls, but no damage was done. At the end of far from the pond. This tank caused the wind to be broken when in that quarter, and many points the first day the following boats were in the lead: Albe;on, 34., Twinkle, 33., Iolanda 11, 32., Folly 11, 31., were lost when a boat was forced upon the weather Pat, 28., Shannon, 25., Linit, 24., hi,ltle Nell, 21. shore. The starters in the British elimination races at Gosport to pick a defender for the yachfing j`4lonfh/y International Cup. 2 THE MODEL YACHT AJbz.on, the successful British defender. She was Bos€onl.a JJJ, designed, built and sailed by John Black, was the American challenger and runner-up. designed, built and Sailed by W. J. Daniels. The second race of the series was held on Thurstwo weather boards, which showed remarkable sailday, July 30th, with a fresh westerly for the morning ing. With a safe lead of 21 points, 4Zbe.o7¢ was chosen races, changing to a southwesterly during lunch and as the British defender. increasing greatly in strength as the day wore on. The International Races It was attended by squalls, and some of the boats found it necessary to reduce to smaller suits. Very Five countries contended for the ya[cfaj¢.7Gg 44lo#jfazy close racing continued throughout the day, each Cup, England, United States, France, Belgium, and competitor doing his best to remain among the first Germany. The Latvia entry had been scratched. eight boats. The following were selected to sail in the Following are brief descriptions of the five boats with finals.. Albion, 72., Twinkle, 64., Folly 11, 64., Iolandetheir dimensions: I I , 62 ., Pat, 59 ., hiwi,i, 53 ., Shaunon, 45 ., Maureen, 44 .4/b¢.o73 (England) : Serpentine Model Yacht Club, jl4lcic47ee7G and £¢.!j/e Ive// tied for eighth place, and London. Daniels and Harvey, owners. Designed, Mr. Jbnes, owner of I;//Je IveJJ, withdrew in favor of built and sailed by Daniels. Mate, W. Shell. A beautithe Rev. Holland. I,a.#Je Ivez/, it will be recalled, was ful hull with full sections, perfectly balanced, making the winner of the yacfaJo.7Gg n4o7G!fady Cup in 1928. her very powerful in a breeze. The third day’s racing took place on the following Bosjo7¢;a; JJJ (United States) : Rhode Island Minia- day, Wednesday, July 31st. The wind was strong west-southwest, and a series of squalls caused the skippers to carry reduced sail. In the heavy going ture Yacht Club, Providence, R. I. John Black, owner, designer, builder and skipper. Mate, H. G. during the first round JOJo7Gda) JJ carried away her water line. Long easy lines. Showed good speed at all times. 47go JJ (France): Mod6le Yacht Club de Paris. A. Authenac, owner and designer. Skipper, Jacques Sottas; mate, J. Steinberger. A fine-lined hull with a wide transom. Long water line and small sail plari. Very fast down wind. mast. During the third round racing was temporarily stopped because of a heavy rain squall. When the racing was resumed the wind had increased to such strength that all the boats reduced to still smaller suits. r74.a.„fa/a collided with I,a.778o.!, losing her mast. In the afternoon only one round was sailed as the wind had by this time increased to such an extent that the boats were overpowered. Pyne. Had finer ends than 4ZbG.o7G and was shorter on Zrorje7Gs¢aL JJJ (Belgium): Mod6le Yacht Club, Anvers. Mr. de Wachter, owner and builder. C. On the third day the score stood as follows: 4/Z)G.o#, Hujdt, designer and skipper. Mate, Tom Willey. A 96., Folly I I , 88., Pat, 7 5 ., Iol,anda I I , 62 ., Twini\Ile, 61., very powerful hull with very full sections fore and Sham:ico`n, 66., Limit, 66., Maureen, 52. aft. Displacement rather light for heavy weather. The finals were sailed on Thursday, August lst, in E77¢774y (Germany) : Deutscher Segler-Bund. Eda strong westerly. 4/b¢.o7G continued to increase her uard Avenarius, owner and builder. Herr Roloff, delead in the heavy going. During the day Pa)£ made a signer. Skipper, E. Zwalgun; rna,te, H. 8. Tucker. remarkable showing, gaining several points and tying Largest boat among the competitors, rather fine forwith Fozzy JJ for second place, which was given to ward sections, with a quarter beam length well under Fo//y JJ because she had more weather boards than that allowed. Was able to take points from all boats Pcij. During the four days’ racing 4/a;o# lost only at times. THE MODEL YACHT These boats represent the pick of the five countries, each selected after elimination races. L.O.A. L.W.L. B.W.L. a.B. DisS. S.Au Pen. England .. . 75.5 47.5213.6 Unit,edstates… 75.25 46.15 13.6 .09 France …. 72.00 48.7S 12.4 .58 Belgium …….. 71.2 45.5 76.4 48.2 13.4 14.4 up well in the heavy breeze and dropped several points. Argo JJ and Hor/e7zs¢.a) JJJ found the going better and began to gain points. 4/bG.o» and Bos!o73¢a} PRINCIPAL DIMENSIONS Germany ……. 3 .6140.411,822 42.8 1,888 42.75 1,703 1.00 38.25 1,82S Nil 45.cO 1,750 The first day’s race was sailed on Saturday, August 3rd, in a strong puffy south-southwest wind, with rain squalls, which gave the boats all the sail they could carry at times. Bosjo7¢¢.a) JJJ drew a bye. Albeon alnd Horlensia Ill were the hrst paLir started, .4JD¢.o7£ winning both boards. Then followed 47go JJ and Eow7#y. 47go won on the leeward boards and was leading on the weather board when failure to guy JJJ were having a battle royal, with 4Zde.o„ getting the best of it on the weather boards. In the second round of the morning race an interesting incident occurred. Ho7je73s¢.a JJJ was to weather, Bosjo”a.a JJJ to leeward at the lower end of the pond, and both boats made tacks to the north and south banks, ZJor/cwso.a covering Bos/o#G.c} com- pletely. On the next tack both boats started together, not more than three feet apart, j7o//e„s¢.a) slightly in the lead. Sailing this way for almost one hundred feet , Bos/o7¢?.a} gradually pulled away from j7o//e77s¢.o’s ga.ve the board to Emmy. Hortens4a Ill aLnd Boslovicb JJJ were the next pair. Bof/o”¢.ci won both boards lee and won by a comfortable margin. This was the most picturesque sight of the meet. Larger yachts could not have made a prettiei. picture. Close finishes were common during the day, boats frequently being separated only by inches. 47go JJ showed remarkable running qualities, taking all four easily. boards from 4/de.o7G and one from Bos/o7G¢.aL. At 11 o’clock Mayor A. A. Kent, of Gosport, with the Mayoress, was introduced to the several challengers, and the Mayoress started the next pair, Here ar`e the scores for the second day: 4/b¢.o7G, Its., Bostovia,Ill, 99., Argo 11, 54., Emmy, 4S., Hor- 4/be.o78 and Eow77Gy. 4Zb€o7G won both boards by small margins. Bog/o7G;a and Argo were sailed next. 47go won the leeward board and Bosjo73¢.a won the weather board. 4/ZJ¢.o7? and Bos!o7G¢.ci were then raced, Dos- /o”¢ci taking the leeward board and 4/ha.o„ the weather board in a close race. The racing continued in this way for three complete rounds, Dos/o#¢a) taking two weather boards in three rounds from 4;6Go”. Reversal of the umpire’s decision by the International Committee gave Argo one windward board, tensi,a Ill, 44. The following day, Tuesday, August 6th, was the last day of racing. The wind was heavy, south-southwest, very squally with constant rain. All the boats had to reduce sail to small suits, and still had too much at times. These conditions suited 4Zb;.o„, and she was at her best and continued to increase her lead. The weather bank on this day became a real hazard, and it was difficult to get off it once it was made. In spite of the uncomfortable weather there were a few close finishes which kept the spectators interested. Bos/o”¢.c} JJJ was able to take the last three points, against .Bosjo7G¢.a, on a foul. The score for the first day follows: 4/ZJGo„, 47; five points from i4/bjo7a. The races were called off at Bostovia,Ill, 31., Emmy, 25., Argo 11, 23., Hortens¢a the end of the ninth round as 4/bGo” had a safe lead. Ill,18. The second day’s races were sailed on Monday, August 5th. At the start the wind was fresh from Owing to the stormy conditions the presentation of prizes was held at the Crown Hotel. west by north. Under these conditions Bosjo7G;a) JJJ 11,13., Emmy, 53., Hortensia,Ill, 51. The conditions had not been ideal for model sailing, but they had been a good test of sailing in real Gosport weather. began to gain points. Later the wind backed to west by south and increased greatly in strength, giving the boats a beat and a run. The Eowow.y did not show Final score: 4/b¢o7a,150; Bosjo#G.a JJJ, 123; Argo if_–T_+_I+__`?-,i:;-±-=r_¥__I-I:_i=i —=:-.i–i:..-HPL Emmy, the German representstive at Gosport. : .—- _I Argo JJ, the French challenger, finished third. —— : —– Horferis].a JJJ, of Belgium, was a well designed boat. Organizing Model Yacht Regattas A Feu) Generdhties on GRgt4ng, Sa4hng and Pr¢zfeJ TIIE MODEL YACHT is constantly in receipt of JAI letters asking for information as to how to arrange and run model yacht regattas, especially from those doing it for the first time, or for the purpose of interesting the juniors, we offer these few ideas as a general guide. They do not cover the entire subject, by any means, and anyone who has successfully arranged regattas for boys and girls, where the entries were of miscellaneous character, can aid us, and others, by adding to these suggestions. We would appreciate such information. can be entered the names of entrants and their craft, addresses, size, type, and class of the model. A duplicate should be given each skipper. Classifying Classing, or rating boys’ craft is a hard task, as they vary widely in size. It can be done, usually, only in a most general manner. They may be rated by either over all or water line length, or by sail area. When the registration cards are all together you can tell into how many general classes the number of available craft should be divided. If rating Armouncement by over all length, a quick measurement with a ruler The city newspapers are always interested in or tape line will do the job. It will probably be best giving space to model yacht activities, we find, and not to try to use the water line length at all. If would undoubtedly be glad to run announcements of classing by sail area, the sails can be roughly marked off in right-angled triangles and the actual areas proposed regatta. These announcements should given the papers some weeks before the event, quickly computed. order that registration and all arrangements may There should be enough classes so that models of greatly different size will not be pitted against perfected in time. Just before the event it would well to offer the papers a second “ story” on the each other. Generally, if there is sufficient time and races, in order to keep the interest alive. If you can energy, the rating by sail area will be the better, as furnish a photograph or two of one or more models, boys’ boats vary greatly in size and sail area. For especially in action, they will in all probability be another thing, the number of available prizes in;y used. Notices should also be sent to the boys’ clubs, help determine the number of classes, since, if there etc., if the regatta is to be an open one, free for all are few prizes, there can be but few classes. But if comers. there are many prizes the yachts can be classified This second story should give all the details, and in groups more nearly of a size. if prizes have been obtained they should be listed. Unless there are many boats it would not be well The donors, particularly if local merchants, will to differentiate between home-made and ” store” appreciate the advertising. It should be made plain boats. Also, the girls should not be left out of it. whether races are for all classes, if restricted, and if There should be races for power models, classed open to boys, girls, or men, either alone or all according to steam, spring or electric power. Sometogether. times, also, there will be elastic (rubber band) powered craft. If there are enough power boats they Registration lt will be advisable to set a day and place for the registration of all yachts, when they can be measured, classified, etc. This date should be about one week previous to the event, and it should be stated that yachts not then registered will be ineligible to compete. If there are many yachts available, stick to this rule. But the main point is to have them all listed ahead of time, so that proper arrangement by classes can be made, and to have all “skippers” ready. Otherwise, there will be confusion at the last minute, when the committee in charge is overwhelmed by the gathering of the clans. If a few latecomers show up for the races they can be entered the day of the show. The place of registration might well be the bank of the pond where the races are to be held. This will arouse interest and prevent any confusion as to place. If you can have on hand someone who knows something about models the occasion can be used to advise the young skippers as to the proper rigging, trimming and sailing of their craft. Some “senior” models might also be on hand for exhibition. Small cards should be provided on which 4 can be grouped by size, a§ well. Rating The following plan, reprinted from THE MODEL YACHT of October, 1928, was suggested by Mr. Walter R. Many, experienced modelman of the Los Angeles M. Y. C.: Let the boys me;sure length over all and take twothirds of this for an ” L ” measurement. Avoid water line length, as it is rather difficult for boys to get unless they have the proper devices with which to work. The ” L” mentioned is not far from being the load water line length in most cases. Then measure the actual sail area and find its square root. Add “L” and the square root of the sail area, and divide by 2, which will give the rating. Thus: L+/5H – Rating Of course, there should be no limit or penalties, as in the regular rules, the only one I might suggest being that of draft. As most boys are inclined to give too much draft we might suggest a limit of J4 the THE MODEL YACHT proposed “L,” plus one inch. As an example: a boat 36 inches over all; the “L” is 24 inches; sail area, say 484 square inches, the square root of which is 22 inches. Therefore we have: 24+22 5 a race wherein each lad sails some other yacht than his own. Thus they will find which is the best skipper of the bunch. Trophies -23 rating 2 Draft would be: 2¥=|±nches We all like to have something definite in the offing to compete for; therefore a list of small prizes will add to the occaLston. Btlt on no account offer cash Pro.zt7s. Do not spoil the sport-and the contestants. Your outstanding newspaper may post a cup – not an elaborate affair necessarily – for the In case this rule of Mr. Many’s is used, and a boat is found to exceed the proposed draft limit, the difference (or a part of it) can be added to the final rating as a sort of penalty, thus making the overdraft boat go up against boats a bit larger in length. Racing If, when you come to sailing, there are so many boats in a given class, for the available space, that they will foul each other, divide them into heats, the winners of each heat coming together to sail the run-off. Do not have different classes sail at the same time. A heat may be across, or down, the pond,. and return. If the pond is long enough one run of the length may be enough to constitute a race. The direction of the race is rather important, as most hit-ormiss boys’ boats will not “run” very well. It may be well to arrange the course so that they sail on a reach, or close-hauled to windward. If you have a more or less experienced and able group of boys, with boats fairly well under control, sail them first to windward, and then to leeward. For a stunt, it might be arranged that a race is to windward (or leeward) and return, the boats being turned about and sailed back to the start as soon as each reaches the other end. If sailing heats, give the first three boats to finish the ” board ” five, three and one points; or, five, four and three. Or else just pick out the first three or four in each heat and let them race in finals for first, second and third. Another way is to have two or three boats sail together in each heat, arranging it so that each boat sails once against every other. If the first half of each race is to windward, give the winner three points. The others get nothing. The second half will then be a run to leeward, when the winner gets two points, and the others nothing. After each boat has raced each other, total the points, the top-notcher getting the prize. In case you can arrange more than one regatta for the summer, or have a group of boys with boats all of the same size, type,`class or ability (such as a onedesign class), arrange your races for points. Thus, a skipper may win a lot of points one day, but next week may lose out to another chap, or under differing sailing cond`itions; while the week following he may pick up again, or the “dark horse” may creep up from behind. Thus interest will be kept up, and stimulated. At the end of a series of such races the trophies are given to the high-point yachts. For a stunt, in such a one-design class, after the lads have raced each other several times, and when they have come to lmow each other better, arrange outstanding prize, or your chamber of commerce, trade association, merchants’ association, city government, or what not. If of good quality this trophy may be posted for annual racing, each year’s winner to have it for display for the ensuing year. A trophy of the sort is, however, only suitable for “class” racing, where there is decided interest in one class of yacht and a numberof such yachts built. There should be at least a first prize for each class; possibly, a second and third. These prizes can be obtained from local merchants, yacht clubs or other organizations interested in civic activities, outdoor sports, etc. In all cases they should be of a nature pertaining to the model yacht:. There are several good books on the subject, a subscription to THE MODEL YACHT, a kit of tools for first prizes; single tools, such as a drill, saw, vise, etc., for the others. Perhaps some store will put up one of its stock models for a prize for the smaller size boats. Or a construction set. Anything of the sort. Y-our prizes may be arranged so that the boats can be classed according to whether they were built by the owners, or purchased. In such case it would be well to apportion the better prizes for the homemade craft, thus stimulating construction. By all means, have a trio (or more) of prizes for good workmanship, regardless of the efforts of the craft in sailing. The lad who is able to turn out a good job of construction will better appreciate a good kit of tools, as a prize, than the lad who wins a race with a “boughten ” boat. And it should go to him. Exhibition While it might be well to distribute the prizes at the waterside after the races, it may be better to make such distribution the opportunity for a show or exhibit, elsewhere. The merchants who have donated the prizes would be glad to place in their show windows for a week the winning craft and the prizes they have given. A department store might be glad to exhibit a group of the winners. Or the newspaper may have a window where a group can be shown. At Cleveland, last year, model yachts were arranged in exhibit in the rotunda of the city hall, where thousands of interested onlookers had a chance to look them over. As there was a model yacht club already in existence there, it is likely a number of new members were added. If you have no model yacht club in your town the exhibit can be made the nucleus for organization. Finally, turn to, and see that not only is the event made an annual one-it lnay be in conjunction (Continued on Page 6) Cutting and Setting Sails for a Model Yacht THEmost one pronouncedly thing about a lack model which of yacht skill or care shows by the builder is the cut and set of the sails. For this he cannot always be blamed. The best of seamstresses are no doubt impressed for the service, but they, not knowing the special requirements, simply hem the sails in the best possible pillow case manner. Let us look first into the available material for the making of sails. Our first requisites are closeness of weave and lightness, and following these in importance is water resisting qualities and stretch. The best material for the purpose is the balloon cloth inade of special cotton, provided this material can be had in its raw state exactly as it comes from the loom. It contains a sizing used in making up the thread of which it is woven, and also contains vege- table rats natural to the cotton which makes the material moisture proof to a considerable degree. This material is difficult to purchase in small quantities, but certain model supply houses carry it and sell it by the yard. Bleached material is white and no longer moisture proof , unless again treated especially for that quality, whereas the unbleached is of a light brownish tone resembling closely the color of the sails on large vessels. Bleached materials may be colored by rinsing them in water tinted with tea or coffee, either of these giving a permanent tint if this should be desired. Other good materials which can be used are English and American long cloth, and some qualities of Londsdale cambric. Before cutting the sails all unbleached raw cloth should be placed in cold water and brought slowly to a boil. While boiling the cloth should be turned over and over so that all parts will be rinsed by the boiling water. After boiling ten to fifteen minutes the cloth must be removed and pressed (without twisting the material) to remove the surplus water. The cloth is then hung out to dry over a clean line and while still moist is ironed out smooth, without folding. It is then ready to cut. Any material, if deeply creased when received, should be wetted down and ironed out flat before cutting. Let us now regard the stresses to which sails are subjected so that when we cut the material it will not be drawn out of shape by a force acting along the diagonal or bias of the weave. It will be evident that all materials are less liable to distortion if a strain is applied in line with the threads composing the inaterial, as shown in Figure 1, than if a stress is applied as in Figure 2, when a large amount of stretch and distortion is sure to result. Now, the greater stresses on sails under wiml pressure are two, one in a more or less vertical direction and the other more or less horizontal. The first is due, of course, to limiting the play of the spars and their weight, the hauling taut of the cloth, etc„ while the latter is due to the ironing out process and friction of the air stream as it passes over the inicroscopic hills and valleys of the texture of the weave, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, 6 zr7777 777777 We cannot meet all of these conditions with a material made up of threads woven in two directions only, so we must lay and cut the material so that it will meet the major strains as best we can and reinforce the other weaker edges to reduce the stretch and resulting distortion to a minimum. (To be continued) Organizing Model Yacht Regattas (Continued, from Page 5) with some city celebration, general sports event, or other program – but that it is given a lot of publicity. Bring it to the attention of the city fathers, park and recreation officials, manual training teachers, boys’ club officials, the Y. M. C. A., so that the next winter more boats may be built for competition. Also, see that.the formation of one or more model yacht clubs results. A club in the ” Y.,” boys’ club, branch library, liigh school, or in the neighborhood of each city park with a pond, will give a string of competitors that will arouse keen sailing. .-,–=–=ii– The International Contestants at Gosport QAn expert’S OP4n4on of the eyitrd}nts pry H. 8. TucKER Tidinor , Tl.,e Model Yacl)tslmn Some of the gear appeared to me a little on the light HHAVE been the Editor of THE MODEL YACHT to asked give aby candid criticism of the yachts side for typical Gosport weather. Mr. John Black taking part in the international races held at Gosport may heartily congratulate himself on his boat. by the Model Yachting Association. I do not alI have left mention of our own boat, 4Jb¢o7G, till the together care about criticising other men’s yachts, last. She is a typical Daniels boat in model building but under the circumstances I ask pardon in advance and finish. That is equivalent to saying that she is a ” Looker. ” Her best point of sailing is a good plug to for anything adverse which I may say. In the first place, not only were there more repre- windward and she stands being driven hard. In light sentatives of various nations at Gosport this year winds she is by no means so impressive as was the than ever before, but the competing boats were far celebrated Cr”sade7., but in heavier winds she is far better, in every respect, than those which we have faster. I am inclined to think, however, that Mr. had the pleasure of meeting in previous years. Daniels has made her a trifle too hefty and large, and The best designed hull amongst the foreign comthat she would have been a better all-round boat had she been an inch less on the load water line and had a petitors was the Belgian Zro7!e78`s¢.ci JJJ, a boat with a charming round section and very high speed possilittle more canvas. bilities. I did not care for her rudder and skeg. Her As a matter of interest I have tabulated below a sails, though well cut, were of too heavy a cloth for few of the principal dimensions of the international a first suit, and this undoubtedly handicapped her. contestants: She was planked of gaboon and a good job, but her Hor/e7Gse.a JJJ-Designed and bui lt by Mons. Heydt : bottom was coated with a bronze paint which did I.o.a., 71.2”; I.w.1., 45.5”; beam on 1.w.I., 13.4”; not give too good a surface. This is Belgium’s debut q.b. penalty,1.0”; displacement, 38.25 lbs.; s.a., in international contests, and her designer and 1,825 sq. in. builder, Mons. Heydt, is heartily to be congratulated 4/go JJ~ Designed and built by Mons. Autonac: on the excellent boat he turned out. I.o.a., 72”; I.w.I., 48.75″; beam on I.w.1., 12.4”; The French boat, 47go JJ, was a magnificent q.b. penalty, 0.58″; displacement, 42.75 lbs.; s.a., specimen of plank building. She was a little reminis1,703 sq. in. cent of the plank-on-edge type of section, but aft, Eow7″} -Designed and built by Herr Roloff: I.o.a., flattened out into a wide counter. I did not care for 76.4″; I.w.1., 48.2”; beam on 1.w.1., 14.4″; q.b. her model, but her sails were excellent and her gear penalty, nil; displacement, 45 lbs.; s.a.,1,750 sq. efficient and workmanlike. Under certain conditions |n. she had great speed potentialities. The German boat, E77Gowy, was an excellent speci- men of bread-and-butter building, and magnificently finished. In my opinion she would have been a better boat had her displacement been less concentrated amidships. I did not altogether like her skeg, and her rudder was on the large side. Her fittings were excellent and showed great attention to detail, but her sails were not good, and handicapped her considerably. At the same time she was very good at times, in light weather particularly, and none of the others could afford to take any liberties with her. Your own craft, BOJjo73c.a) JJJ, was bread-andbutter built. The writer is not a believer in excessively light construction, and Bos/o7g¢.a) seemed exactly right in the proportion of displacement in her keel. She is far and away the best craft that you have sent across to Gosport. She is a very pretty boat, but her ends struck me as being on the fine side in comparison with her midship section, and a heeled displacement curve would probably reveal rather concentrated displacement. Her wave-throw was not as long as I expected. She was, however, a most formidable opponent. Her sails, gear and finish were splendid, and every care had been used in rigging her. Bosjo#q.a JJJ-Designed and built by John Black: I.o.a., 75.25″; 1.w.I., 46.15”; beam on I.w.1.,13.6”; q.b. penalty, 0.9”; displacement, 42.8 lbs.; s.a., 1,888 sq. in. 4/b4.o” -Designed and built by W. J. Daniels: I.o.a., 75.5”; I.w.I., penalty, 47.52”; 0.61”; beam on 1.w.I., displacement, 40.41 13.6″; q.b. lbs.; s.a., 1,821.25 sq. in. When Mr. W. J. Daniels built the now international champion model yacht 4%o73, it was with an eye cocked in the direction of the British Weather Man. In view of the fact that the weather had been very light during the past four annual regattas at Gosport, canny Daniels figured ’twas a good bet to count on heavy weather this year. So, although he built for a generally good all-round yacht, she had a preference for heavy weather. The result, 4jdr.o„, has been characterized as “the finest hard weather boat ever built on this side under the rule,” but no slouch in light weather, either. The story tells the tale. Had the weather been lighter Bosjo„¢.a JJJ would have had a better chance, we are told. It sure must have „blew.” 7 ii=:=iEiE-±iiiE±±=€;-i= -.—–. i—i ———- i —=– I ESIGNED for the fos 47Gge/es Ec/c„;7Gg Zrerozd by Matt J. D Walsh,Plans Thorobred, 2 of San Pedro.of The lines follow the 45-foot sloop A rfeo7obred, by the same designer. *s #4, #`c G, o,,t s,Dt I,NE> 7 r G 2£ IIIIZZ1 lay-N as E Z’ C J’ nch Model foi-the Juniors Reproduced by courtesy of the I,o5 47Ggezes Eue7G¢#g Zre7a)/d, from which working plans and specifications may be had. ..,, c¢t’o„±/ L’4 S€CT I oW #2 / rf„yo„f?I I DECK F€ct’o„*3 \ –/ I,.`t4 _–_-=_-=–I I, LeNCTw OVER Ai.L LENGTH `EA 3i “ –` A DEAN L.W.L. M EXTREME iA „ L.W.L. wEl CHT OF.iEAo.Aoovr” 222¢` 17 fro` 7 Srfo` 6%” 3.5 Ezi,,,z -I I-_ Races Sponsored by €¢G7¢z.7zg He/zz/J Prove Great Success Seven Hundred eritries ¢n LoS Angeles eModel Yacht GRfgditta SEVEN hundred yachts of yacht various sizes participated in model the June model regattas promoted by the Lo§ Angeles Eq/e#¢.78g HeroJd, the seventh annual event of the sort held by that newspaper. What with the large number Of entries, the interest aroused, the cooperation of city, school and yacht club officials, and the splendid trophies awarded, this will probably stand as the most successful model yacht regatta of the year. The regattas sponsored by the Zrera}/d are open to all school boys of Los Angeles, and practically every public school was represented. The success of the regattas and growth of the sport have been due in great part to the free distribution of working plans of two “class” design sloops, especially drawn for the paper from lines of successful ` ` major ‘ ‘ yachts. There were races for power driven models owned by boys of the sixth to ninth grades, open to elastic, spring and electric driven models. The windjammers competed in the “S,” “Thorobred,” and “R” Classes. Racing was confined to boys under 21 years of age, and was held in Westlake Park. There were five silver cups awarded the winners, while those who took second and third places won books on model yacht construction. Outstanding among these cups presented by the newspaper was the silver Perpetual Trophy, which goes to the school whose fleet scores the greatest number of points. To add to the joy of the victors, they won cruises on two of the Los Angeles racing yachts and memberships to one of the popular beach clubs. Each entrant was given a diploma of participation. The perpetual trophy was won on point scores by the First Street Elementary School when Jack Mays and Alfonso Moret took first and second places in class “S” racing on Saturda’y, June 8th. Roy Tate, of lnglewood High School, captured the open sailing championship in the “R” or Pirate Sloop Class, and took the jzeroJd first prize, sailing two heats, and winning out of a field of 300. Don Davis took second place, in the Pirate Class, for the Manual Arts High School, and walked off with the second silver cup. Louis Harper, of Leconte Junior High, took the third cup; Drexel Knowlton, also of Manual Arts, was fourth; while fifth honors went to Paul Wittenberg, who sailed under the colors of Polytechnic High. The first three yachts to place in the Pirate Class won silver cups; the winner of the Thorobred Class won the fourth cup; while the fifth trophy was the Perpetual Trophy. Winners in the “S” Class, together with second and third places in the Thorobred Class, were awarded the books on model yacht construction. In addition to the championship cup young Tate won an honorary life membership in the Deauville Beach Club. The first prize silver cup for the Thorobred Class was won by John Walkenhorst; Tommy Perez was second; with Cornelius Hoogenboom third. First honors in the hydroplane races went to Winfield Wyman; with John Bellingsley second; and Dionicio Armenta, third. In the “S” Class Jack Mays was first; Alfonso Moret was second, and William Milligan was third. More than 400 entries competed in four classes during the first day’s racing, June 8th, while on June 15th there were 300 more. Most of these boats were built by the youthful skippers. The Pirate Class race is open to boy-made yachts only. The growing interest in this sport is indicated by the fact that last year’s regatta attracted “only” some 350 entries, a figure which was doubled this summer. The regatta was held under auspices of the Southern California Yachting Association. Commodore 0. K. Hunsaker was chairman-in-chief. The rllDstllp sECTloN SaLl plan Of Los Angeles Evening Herald “orobred Model. Midship section of Thorobred Model, 10 _’iEEiiEi- THE MODEL YACHT 11 committee was headed by Frank A. Bouelle, super- smaller craft gathered pretty much in a free-for-all intendent of the Los Angeles city schools, assisted by class. The event was brought to a close on June 22nd a flock of manual training instructors, yacht skippers, when bo.y-built models were exhibited at one of the and prominent officials of a number of the California city’s large department stores, and prizes awarded yacht clubs. in several classes for design, finish and good conThe Pirate models that competed were built by the struction. Later the trophy winners went sailing on boys from working plans given out by the newspaper. This design was drawn up by Mr. L. E. Geary, of the large yachts from which the models were patSeattle, designer of the famous R Class sloops terned, and the youthful skippers got the thrill of their lives when they were given spells at the helm. P¢.rojc and S€r roow. Details of the rigging plan for the model were made by the late Thomas E. Lander, of Los Angeles, a well-known model designer and builder. The model Pirate is a one-inch-to-the-foot adoption of the major yacht. Her specifications are: Length overall, 39”; load water line length, 24.3″; extreme beam, 8.S”; water The Perfect Yacht line beam, 7.86″; quarter bea,in length, 23.15”; displacement, 160 cubic inches, or 5.77 pounds; weight of lead, 3.4 pounds; sail area, 667 square inches. The R|T|I\TG in YACHTING, back in November, model was designed to be at her best in light breezes. 1924, shortly after he had sailed the F¢.rccreJj Under the Universal Rule this model is of Class R single-handed across the Atlantic, Alain Gerbault on ill rating. making several changes in the cutter remarked that The Thorobred Class model was designed by Matt F¢.recresj is not “a perfect boat.” ” In fact,” he added, “there is no such thing as a J. Walsh, well known designer and builder of Sam Pedro, California, from the lines of the sloop rfeo7o- perfect boat. Each type, each form of hull, each rig bred, champion of the Southern California 45-Foot has its advantages and disadvantages. rfee good Sailing Association. This is a rather able-looking, satlor ds the one who knows his shiF s good, Poi,nts and shallow-bottomed craft with an over all length of /a”J!s, who understands her behavior in a storm, her 22J4″; I.w.I. beam of 17%”; extreme beam, 73/i6”; reactions to the tiller …. ” I.w.I. beam, 6%”; sail area, 233 square inches. DisGerbault recently came into prominence by his replacement is not given in the plans at hand, but turn to France after completing a single-handed weight of lead is noted as about 3.5 pounds. cruise of six years around the world, and his stateWorking drawings of both these models are disment now carries more weight than formerly. He tributed by the Ezre7G¢.„g Hc7ojd, and while the drawmight have gone even farther, and added that no hull ing of the Thorobred notes that it is presented “free design is perfect, and this is a point the modelman of charge to the youth of the country,” the sheet for may keep in mind. the Pirate notes it is presented free to the youth of Regardless of the infinite calculations the designer Los Angeles. However, it is understood these plans can make before considering his lines completed, it may also be obtained through the following newsis yet impossible for him to calculate the results of all papers.. Seat,tie Ti,mes; Son Franctsco Call; Al,tonto combinations of lines and form under every condition Georgian; Washington Ti,mes; and Detrckt Tines. The of wind, wave, speed, and heel of the yacht. For the plans are printed in black, on very heavy white paper model owner to ” cuss ” and sweat because his yacht and give almost complete instructions for building. does not perform perfectly under all conditions, is Unfortunately, the builders will have to get plans therefore a waste of time and energy. for steering gears `elsewhere, as they were not inThis point was recently brought out in a discussion cluded. with one of our best model designers as to the probPrevious to the regatta the jzc7a)Zd printed f ull able best type of model for pond sailing or skiff sailinstructions for building models by the “bread and ing; for broad open water or constricted calm water; butter ” method, written by Mr. Walsh. A great deal for heavy breezes and for light breezes. of space was given to the regatta in the news columns The main consideration in designing, he remarked, of the paper, and the result was a ” gallery ” of some- is to produce a hull that will have ends that “balthing like 6,000 interested spectators. Under the ance” as nearly as possible under the sailing condidirection of Superintendent Bouelle plans are all.eady tions that prevail most of the time`on the waters over which she is to clo most of her racing. You will going forward for the construction of many new models in the manual training classes of the public most generally find that a yacht that performs at her schools, and a great number of instructors have be- best in a very light, or light, air is not so good wh’en come interested in using the model yacht as a shop it freshens; and ei;cc ue7sa). A model that will perforin construction project. to your satisfaction on the very smooth water of an F`orty-five hydroplanes, 55 ” floating exhibits,” 100 enclosed pond will not necessarily take the cups Class S models, and 200 Thorobred Class models were when she goes on open water. And it must be reshown during an exhibit in Westlake Park on the membered that a model is generally sailing in what first day’s racing. (for her size) is a hea.vy breeze and a heavy sea. A description of the Class S was not furnished this If your local waters are of one type, endeavor to magazine, but it is gathered that this comprises produce a yacht suited for such conditions. 12 THE MODEL YACHT qITHB MODm;m9 clfA®Hff THE MAGAZINE o/ MODEL YACHTING Pullished Monthly at 10 Ferry Street, Concord, N . H. Ed®.jor¢.aJ OjScc, 4735-13th Street, N. W.. Washingt.on, D. C. Gc„cra; Oj#ce, 205 East. 42d Street, New York, N. Y. to accept his word. We usually love to give advice and hate to take it. No doubt we would hardly cherish another’s dislike of some of the points of our yacht. But-if one is out to build the best and fastest yacht, no matter how he might disagree with an adverse belief , it is to his profit to sit down and think it over. There is nothing slighting in Mr. Tucker’s all too brief statement, and, gauged by his experience, it should be helpful to more than one builder or designer. Vol.1 ‘ September,1929 Single co¢ies,15 cents ` No.12 Yecirly svebseri¢tion, $1.50 Foreign, $ 1.7 5 All checks and money orders should be made payable to TIIE MODEL YACHT. OMETIMES we get ahead of ourselves, and you Gammin’ Wi’a remark the Skipper may find in one issue anent something supposed to be in that number that you will be unable to find anywhere. For instance, last month we made a brief explanation about the big regatta at Los Angeles, but decided to keep the story for use this month. So, here it is. In July we gave thanks to Commodore Baron, of Chicago, for photographs of the Washington regatta, which we later found unsuited for reproduction. Some of you rna.y have looked for the pictures we spoke of , and wondered where they were. S With this Rounding the First Mark number, THE MODEL YACHT completes her first year of existence. It has not been altogether an easy course we had to steer, but the good ship is still seaworthy and able. Although you will find this to be No. 12 of our first volume, it should really be No. 13. You will remember that various obstacles prevented the publication of the December, 1928, number, and that the issues for the following January and February were combined. If some of you do not receive notices to renew your subscriptions -as we have no doubt you all will – it will be because your subscriptions will be extended to make up for the lapse. Nevertheless, the time is approaching when you will have to dig down into the old jeans and come across with your passage for another year. So be ready, and if you want to sta,rt ahead of time by making your reservations in advance, more power t’ ye. To those who have helped us, without remuneration and with scanty thanks for the most part, in the Well, once more we look over the returns from the international races at Gosport, and declare we must gird our loins and win #e#j }eor, s„re. We have not a doubt but that Skipper Black sailed his very best and has no excuse other than that the best man won. On the other hand, we have not a doubt but that we shall hear from a horde of “I Told You So’s.” So, the Skipper wants to be put on record here to the effect that whatever anyone says, he considers no better man or yacht could have been sent to England. And he does not believe the wrong combination was picked under wrong conditions at Washington. Further, deponent sayeth not. Since comparisons are “odorous” we do not name you; but you know whether or no you stand in thaLt category or with those who have sent us promises and then forgotten that the mails are still being carried. To those of you who have not, so far, sent us stuff to print, let us say our arms are outstretched, and that we are in need of your cooperation. Mr. H. 8. Tucker, Editor of rfee tl4lodez yocfr,£s7»aL7G he was so unfortunate as to meet her in her own weather. ” Bos!o”¢.a JJJ would, I think, be a very good boat (London), introduces his very valuable analysis of the Gosport competitors with an apology for any adverse statement. However, we consider an apology unnecessary. The yachtsman -or any other chap, for that matter – who cannot receive with interest and gratification an adverse criticism of his craft, his ability, the color of his eyes or the cut of his jib, especially when coming from an experienced expert, is a, poor sportsman, and one unlikely to go far if unwilling to profit by experience, and the other fellow’s viewpoint. And Mr. Tucker knows what he is talking about. Probably no other person can give a better judgment of a model yacht. We shall be glad difficult task of launching and piloting THE Mol)EL YACHT, we want to extend our most sincere thanks. “John Black,” writes another British modelman, ” met a magnificent hard weather boat in 4Jb¢o„, and in lighter weather, and she was very fast down wind. But to windward 4Jde.o7a beat Bosjo„¢.a), as she had beaten all our other boats. It was a race of a light weather boat against a hard weather boat, and possibly the weather was the deciding factor. Of course, one cannot be certain, as we never had any light weather. “Your representative made himself still more popular over here, and should he be your representative again he would be most heartily welcomed. He sailed like the fine sportsman he is and he pllt up a greater fight than the score indicates.” Model ill E have a couple of interesting snapshots of a model owned by Mr. J. F. MCMullen, of New South Wales, Australia, that shows a craft owning three different rigs -sloop, yawl and schooner. Ko¢Ja) is 48 inches over all; 36 inches on the I.w.I. ; with 12 inches beam and 7 inches draft; displacement, 21.5 pounds, of which 11.5 pounds are in the lead keel. With the yawl rig she has about 1,700 square inches of sail, but this, according to her owner, proved a bit too much except in a light breeze, and has been cut down. Rigged as a Marconi sloop, she carries 1,420 square inches, while the schooner KoaJa’s schooner rig has an area of I,582 square inches. rig has the most area, with 1,582 square inches. She carries her schooner rig well in ordinary weather, and works well in a heavy wind under the four lowers found in their country, and find them not so very only. different from what we experience here. We might Although her skipper is now nearing his eightieth also point to various numbers of our British conyear, he is still an ardent modelman. We understand temporary, rfee jl4ode; yocfajs#Go7® (London) , describthere is much activity with the miniature yachts in Australia, and several model yacht clubs have been ing conditions even worse than those at Washington last June. We might point to a statement that last heard from. Most of these modelmen have migrated from England, and have carried the sport with them. year (if we remember not incorrectly) the breeze was so strong that it took one Class A model over 45 minutes to go the length of a pool not half as long as the Lincoln Memorial reflecting pool. We might go so far as to point out similar statements to the effect that breezes on the Gosport pool have been disappointing in as many instances as at Washington. We might suggest that you look on page 92 of the August issue of the aforementioned paper and find a statement to the effect that: “During the last few years the Gosport Regatta has not been favoured in the matter of winds …. ” And we might point out that this year’s races were sailed in rather strong breezes. Jroa/a under sail, yawl rigged. Comparisons ALo??he°fwvaesTinh;`opnfu;ocor[£ti:isFhe°¥:ie:th£:ncho°f:C: challenger to compete in the international races in England has poured in upon us. It is stated that conditions of wave and breeze as presented at that pool are not Such as to make possible selection of the ablest model yacht, nor even the best yacht to compete in England; and that conditions at the Gosport pool are quite different. We might state, for the benefit of these speakers and writers, that we have the word of John Black, who has now been at Gosport three times, and of Joe Weaver, who was there twice, that the Gosport pool is frequently just as poor a sailing station as the Washington pool, and that the winds are just as unreliable. We might add that we have written word from several English modelmen, on the breezes to be It is the belief of many that a.s the Gosport races are sailed on a small enclosed pond, our eliminations should be sailed under conditions as nearly similar as are obtainable. Up to this point the Washington water has been the best suggested. The proposition of sailing on open water over a course roped off to simulate the banks of a pond would not give at all similar conditions. Sailing a model yacht on open water, whether on such a course or from skiffs, is quite a different thing from sailing bank to bank. It is often presumed that it is the best (?) yacht that should be chosen for the challenger and that the best way to find her is on open water. We take issue with this belief , since the tricks of pond sailing are so different, and consider that the yacht and skipper able to grab all the open water cups will not necessarily take first place on a pond. There are tricks in all games, and it is hard to say that there is any enclosed pond boasting, as a general condition, a free breeze lacking in puffs and flaws. Therefore the yacht and skipper that can make the best of these tricks and flaws would seem the better combination for the purpose. 13 WITll TIIE CLUBS Meriden M. Y. C. Ralph P. Jackson, Secretary of the Meriden (Conn.) Model Yacht Club, writes us as follows: ` ` I had a very interesting experience the other day. I was working on my 57-inch model in the garage and just happened to step to the door in time to see a car with Illinois licenses turn around in front of the house. A boy stepped from it and, coming around to where I was, asked if my name was Ralph Jackson. When I replied in the affirmative he introduced himself as Jack Waring,. Jr„ Commodore of the North Shore Model Yacht Club, of Chicago. Was I surprised? I wonder. It seems that his family were traveling through to New York and they had been stopping off at the various model yacht clubs on their route. He looked my model over and then I went out to the car and saw his model (one of them, I mean), the Va%a)7G/, a 39-inch one-design class. We trophy was won last year by Skipper Joe Branham, and various contenders are now tuning up to take it away from him. Skipper J. R. Branham has laid down the keel of a new Six-Metre for next year. Skipper A. E. Moebs, a new club member, this summer turned out a ” Six ” in short order. However, while the hull was a beautiful job the Sail area seemed insufficient, and the builder intends to turn out a new craft to the top of the rule this winter. Schooners, Ahoy ! A correspondent from England writes: ” Schooners -we have tried, but have always failed to get a class. They don’t win.” ” But,” says Commodore Wanker of the Prospect had a very interesting talk and discussion while it lasted and I enjoyed it very much. In view of the fact that I had never expected to see him, it surely was a great surprise.” Park M. Y. C., ” please be advised that the P. P. M. Y. C. has had a class of schooners for the past twenty years. At present the club can boast of a fine fleet of Washington ing rule as for the popular Class 8, in other words, under the American Universal Rule, and then 90 per cent of their actual rating classifies them in either Class A, 8 or C. ” In the club’s Saturday afternoon and Sunday It is pleasing to see the I,og, previously put out regularly by the Washington M. Y. C., make its appearance again under the direction of Secretary Buhrman. The breezy little sheet is used to give notice of coming events and meetings, and reports of past ones; notes on the members; comments, and even poetry! It is our contention that a club sheet of some sort (this one is mimeographed on one sheet) is invaluable in keeping a club together and interested. Plans are being shaped for exhibiting the club fleet in connection with several shows to be stage(1 in the capital this fall and winter, and to show the yachts in store windows and elsewhere. A “drive” for increased publicity and membership is to be put on, and the city is to be shown and told more about the sport. During repairs to the bottom of the Lincoln Memorial reflecting pool races are to be held solely on the Tidal Basin, and a series for the Secretary’s Cup (posted by Mr. Buhrman) will soon be started. The 14 eight Schooners. ” These-models are measured under the same rat- morning point races schooners and sloops very often race together, boat for boat, and quite often, especially in triangular course races, the schooner wins out over the sloops. “The writer has had a schooner-rigged model for the past six years whose actual rating is 50 inches, and by very careful balancing and trimming this model can be made to point up fully as high as any sloop she has ever raced-and then on a broad reach, look out! ” There is no prettier picture than to see this fleet of schooners dusting along in a brisk breeze, especially when they are all on the same tack.” From various sources, now forgotten, we have learned in past years of the existence of other schooner fleets. It would be interesting if some correspondents would give us the dope on these craft, and tell us all about them and their action. The Skeg Keel OFcoC:nps::i::::1:n!n::rdees[tj:cthhtedreess£:`ntc°ofnaupcrt£:: by our contemporary, The Model Yachtsman (o£ London). Of seven designs submitted, it was remarked by the judge that only two plans showed “skeg” keels. The use of this type of keel has been groiving in recent years, and some discussion may be of interest. The skeg keel is an additional area of lateral underwater plane which is well aft, and which permits the use of a perpendicular (or nearly perpendicular) rudder. While it seems to have advantages it does not entail any considerable added labor in construction. In the planked job it may require a bit of neat fitting, and in building by the dugout, or bread-andbutter system, it entails a considerable degree of additional gouging on the outside of the hull. While giving additional lateral plane (which makes for steadiness), there is no actual increase of wetted surface, as it is usual to cut away the true keel to a considerable extentr. This additional lateral plane is far aft, where it i§ increasingly effective, and may be said to exert some additional “leverage” in the water. It would seem that an overabundance of wetted surface i§ a handicap in so small a craft as a model yacht. The advantage of the perpendicular rudder thus made possible is obvious. The rudder is easier to hang and the tiller or quadrant is easier to affix. No allowance is necessary for up and down movement of tiller or quadrant used with a perpendicular rudder. However, Francis Lee Herreshoff believes that when a perpendicular rudder is helmed over, the stream of water flowing by the blade is forced “up hill” and gives a tendency to hold the yacht back because of added friction. It is his belief that when the blade is at more of an angle the by-rushing water clears the yacht more easily, and an angle of up to thirty degrees from the perpendicular is suggested, even for rudders hung on skeg keels. There is some agreement that the forward area of the rudder exerts most of the pressure (as with sails or airplane wings) and that a long, deep rudder is therefore the most efficient. To get what has been considered the requisite area for the rudder, it has been the custom of builders to use rudderswith rather long blades. However, a look at .photographs and plans printed in THE MODEL YACHT, from time to time, indicates that many builders consider a very small rudder area sufficient. One point about this skeg keel is that its use brings the rudder pretty far aft, and the farther aft the rudder is the less area is needed. Unfortunately, it also lessens the available deck space for the steering gear. Mr. Thomas Moore, a successf ul designer, draws our attention to the fact that the use of the skeg keel gives two ` ` cutting edges I ‘ to the lateral plane of the hull. Again, the proposition of the leading edges brings up the question of greater efficiency in the leading section of any plane. While the stem line of the hull is the forward “leading edge,” the forward (or forward and downward) edge of the skeg keel gives the second ” leading edge.” As the water flowing past the run of the hull has an upward tendency at that point, the downward edge of the skeg keel is as much of a “ leading edge” as though it were clear of the hull and perpendicular. This double “leading edge” seems to have more efficiency than a greater amount of lateral plane area in one piece, in the true keel, and it would seem that a lesser area would be the more efficient if so divided. This is a technical proposition that gets badly jumbled as to language when set down on paper, but we shall try to have Mr. Moore set it forth in his own words. He indicates that practical experience on his own recent models has convinced him of the efficiency of the skeg keel. Jibs opportunity for Some ingenious mind to bring to its owner the gratification of model yachtsmen is open to the chap experimentally inclined who can devise a means of trimming an overlapping jib on a model yacht. It seems definitely proved that overlapping jibs are more efficient than jibs that do not pass the foreside of the mast, as they render the pull of the mainsail greater from the directed back-draft caused. While overlapping jibs are used on many major yachts, their use is restricted on models because of the present lack of sheets that will trim the jibs JAI properly when the yachts are put about without a stop for retrimming. Double sheets would be required and, of course, the jib club must be Short, so as not to foul the mast. The club, or boom, should probably be omitted entirely. As the tack of the jib must be sheeted well aft, this brings up complications. It hardly seems possible to devise a method of double sheets so arranged as to permit the sail sliding across the deck with the changing wind in tacking, without stopping to pull it across and trim sheets by hand, thus requiring a full stop. It should be possible, however, to tdevise sheets that could be quickly snapped over, sail drawn across and trimmed, in such a brief period that the disadvantage of having to stop would not be so great that the added efficiency of the sail could more than overcome it. In any event, if this jib were not of such greater pulling power and efficiency as to give considerably increased speed, the trouble of adj ustments would not be worth while. The actual sail area of a model yacht rated under the rules could be considerably increased with a jib extending abaft the mast. 15 ”The News” W[Pngh:#aasdttmw°er[ev:h£:nat£[:t,t::::Tt:::tyinodduei: men to cooperate with us in publishing news of the sport and the news from all sections. Obviously, it is impossible for so small an amateur paper to have a pa.id correspondent in every town and city, and we have not tried to have even one, depending, rather, upon the modelmen themselves to keep us posted. It is impossible for the editor to at- tend every model yacht regatta in the land and he must, therefore, depend upon somec)ne at the scene for a “story.” We have been unable to report even the bare results of some very interesting races and regattas because no club member or officer has been sufficiently interested to send us the material. The editor may, after a month or two, receive a personal letter, at the bottom of which may be tacked a pc)stscript to the effect tha.t, “Oh, yes, we ha,d a regatta at Whosis tion methods, new gear and gadgets, sails, materials, racing kinks and tricks-a long line of such informative material. We are especially anxious to have good photographs of va,rious classes of yachts -and power models as well as sail designs -draw- ings and accounts of gear and fittings, etc. It is not essential that you be a first-rate novelist or “literatoor” to send us such correspondence. Write it up as a bunch of disconnected notes, if you wish. We’ll edit it. Use a pencil if you lack a typewriter~we’ll try to decipher. BUT, send us the dope. If you have tinkered with a new device, a new method, and found that (apparently, at least) better results were accomplished -write it. If you tried some method new to you and found it N. G. -write it. If you found why your yacht would not sail, corrected the troubles and made a win-write it. If your club is to stage a regatta, a series of races, or a Lake. There were 200 entries. I got first place, while cup race -write it. And afterwards, write about it. sc)me other lad – whose name I forget – got secIf you think your club has a good sa,iling station, a ond”! Perchance the correspondent, with all due good fleet, a good bunch of fellows-write it. respect to him, will even omit the results, satisfying There’s no end of interesting material you can send himself by remarking that fine races were run. As to in that will be received with pleasure by readers any description of the yachts -nothing doing! everywhere, particularly if it is informative as to Now this magazine was founded, and is being construction, rigging or sailing. There are lots of you who don’t care a whoop for printed, for the main purpose of aiding the sport to the extent of its ability. If it is to f ulfill this purthe sailing model but are putting in a lot of time and doing a lot of interesting things with power models. pose it can only be through the cooperation of modelIt has been our continuing hope (waning of late, we men. must admit) to print as much good stuff about the rfee Ivews does not mean a simple announcement of an event to come, or one held in the past. It means power model as the sailing racer. And a goodly line a complete story with all the details, pa,rticularly as on the ship models. Won’t those who “know their to the types, classes and measurements of the com- stuff ” send it in? We also want more readers. If you are interested in peting yachts, their origin, design and construction, the sport, and interested in a,iding another interested and comment upon their performances. We have received flattering comments as to the person, we believe you can well enough afford the modest price of our subscription. We do not believe it value of the comparative material describing the sufficient that your club, or one member in your yachts that competed at the 1929 elimination regatta held at Washington, publish’ed in the last two club, should have a subscription. Fine enough to be issues. We believe that material such as that – brief brotherly and let your copy circulate around, but that does us little good. We believe that every club though it was under the particular circumstances is of value, equally to old-timers and new modelmen. member should be a subscriber. Fortunately, one or two M. Y. R. A. clubs ha,ve thought likewise, and We should like to print more. rfee Jve7„s includes not only accounts of the acwe have their 100 per cent membership subscribed. tivities of the various clubs, but the dope on construc- But the others are lagging. 16 MEN TELL SO BUY E LIVEST ODEL YACHTING MA6AZINE! INmaENATlopiAL ` Einnded b; E. ARMITAGE MGi an Official 5 Sman M®der Ta I.u8.rated Middagh` Street Bro`oklyn, N. Y. IREaTOR¥ ”–‘`_a : \FOR\SALE ” 8 ” _M.0_DEI, ,’YACHTS: FroR ,S?sLco; SALE – 2A%rora, FAs`r ‘ers.oo.- ‘Internati.tif[al ~c;rae. ,A vy5»`Jfn¢wn international `:A CHa8B’,’ ,mgdel yacht/ ‘ `:-:vf/I :;-, BOSTONIA Ill -NATIONAL CHAMPI-`ON` 1929 \ `..pR’ICE’cOMPLrfuE, $2bo.00 I+ ,` Hal;iesns&Si:,Cfams¥Bt*E:eMV¥9qur ‘ B_UII,D A REAI. JOHN BLACK ,`95wi€s¥faeRdtEr€?£g8ap L STEAM boat8. §ma g bozes. `Caialo ENGIN\FS topeuerB+` rolLErs FOR r 6hof¢ be&rinff , ire Street, DBADEyrs FOR smp` MODErs. slzrs 3-16\AND inch. -_’ S}.50 `per hhndred. Belaying Pimf 1& cents a. a.|mblf, 8c.XRt.’°sAF#%°MGa¥hpeHaHt&.°£.°# 56 Dabenport Street, Stamford, Com. “Original: ir Miniatvite” `SEA ScotJ*” YACHT F]TTINCS 8%¥:u¥%SfeA#§i¥.a:#B:kgr8a;a,:?§f;!€i¥£S:a:¥vF;i%aEce:€trk:stu;etfec:S;Sgivi¥::I;e:i:;¥eeig¢1o§o;ots¥rnFsl:?!ta#:I:gts#£ `~ :AL. I’. ‘EIS:HB;R-Shig Modet~Fittiowg§ M,1002 Etowah Avenue Royal oak. Michiian 80 CHER MODEL YAC TS Win ¢t Equ€ry Regcittfi A 5:iezreys.righaet`tfaz;upa¥:}£t:a:feBa:t¥rceHSE:fE%Cuhct£ESRa]#:8ef`svaaiTin¥`.;!£cthht: :;]e°r#:nsga:i;#na£:ertobsehisJudgmentandtotakefulladvantageof ;i;1;Ice::!j;§:i§e!L[:ao§n:i;Stt;:i;a;n:i;;°L::e;i; i:u#i:eiL#i:i;yie:x¢p;i;:;;SrL°tri£Osd:e:; available. BoucHER products are the choice of model yachtsmen frgm 8 to 80 complete tagalog will be mailed upon request. The H. E. BOUCHER MFG. CO. 150 LAFAYETTE STREET, NEW YORK Sail Boats -ri-Motor Boats .~ Steam Engirtes ComDlete and construction sets _Steam-TyDe Electric Tr?ins utereste\ in keeping abreast of the develgpments in yacht designing and plcafsure boating, read each issue- of -:—.*::-:I:-i “:Edited bly Yachtsmen, f or Yqchtsmen’ ‘ For the Windjammer, the Power Boatman, the Cruiser. -` The-First of Each Morith From^¥ot:.r newsdealer or By tdeh.Q^ren 35c the copy 205 E. 42nd-St.. YACHTING, Inc. $4.00 New York C3rty’