The Model Yacht: Volume 21, Number 1 – Spring 2020 (Skiff Sailing)

The The Model Yacht Model Yacht SkiffSailing Journal of the U.S. Vintage Model Yacht Group Volume 21, Number One Spring 2020 Summer SPRING Fall 2019 Spring 2020 The Model Yacht US VMYG Leadership President: John Y. Stoudt, jstoudt309@gmail.com …………………………………………………(610) 316-8695 President Emeritus: John Snow, jsnowj@comcast.net ….………………………………………….(978) 594-8521 Treasurer: Tom Alessi, alessitr@icloud.com….…………………….…………………….…………(610) 566-9504 Journal Art Director: Bruce Richter, richterbruce@gmail.com….………..…….………….……….(917) 575-2221 Journal Editor: Jeff Beck, beck.jeff@gmail.com….………………..………………….………………(240) 252-0236 Editorial Staff: John Henderson, jgnhenderson@atlanticbb.net.………….….………….…………(443) 282-0277 Ken Young, youngrun@sbcglobal.net….………….………….………….…………(630) 957-7490 Webmaster: Jim Flach, Jim.flach@gmail.com.…………………………………………………….(610) 299-8138 Membership: Tom Alessi, alessitr@icloud.com.………………………….…………………………(858) 525-5217 Regatta Coordinator: Nick Mortgu, mortgu@comcast.net.……………….………………………..(609) 820-0509 Awards Coordinator: Rob Dutton, edwin653@aol.com…………………………………….………(703) 608-8812 Resources Coordinator: John Y. Stoudt, jstoudt309@gmail.com…….…………………………….(610) 316-8695 Historian: Earl Boebert, boebert@swap.com ………………………………………………………(505) 823-1046 Boat Yard Coordinator: Jim Linville, linvillejim@gmail.com ……………………………………..(781) 534-0203 Plans Coordinator: Ivor Walton, vintageplans@comcast.net Construction Advice: John Henderson, jgnhenderson@atlanticbb.net …………………………….(443) 282-0277 Social Media: Steve LaBrenz, srlabrenz@hotmail.com……………………………………………(484) 947-1327 Class Coordinators Free Sailed: John Fisher, jfisher577@gmail.com, ..………………………………………………..(719) 651-0762 Intl A Boat: Mike Denest, mjd12k@yahoo.com ….……………………..…………………………(610) 316-3570 Schooner: Tom Alessi, alessitr@icloud.com.………………………….……………………………(858) 525-5217 Skipjack: John Henderson, jgnhenderson@atlanticbb.net ………………………………………….(443) 282-0277 Unrestricted: John Henderson, jgnhenderson@atlanticbb.net ……………………….……………..(443) 282-0277 Vintage 36: Alan Suydam, alansuydam@comcast.net …………………….……………………….(301) 653-4899 Vintage Marblehead: Bruce Richter, richterbruce@gmail.com ……………………………………(917) 575-2221 Regional Coordinators European Continent: Russ Trapani, teamlebanner@gmail.com……………….……………………..(501) 789-3927 Mid-Atlantic: Scott Todd, dscotttodd63@gmail.com……………………………………………….(410) 310-2453 North Central: Ken Young, youngrun@sbcglobal.net….………….………….………….…………(630) 957-7490 North East: Cliff Martin, c_martin5@comcast.net…………………………………………………(508) 533-5971 North West:………………………………………………………………………….………………………Open South Central:………………………………………………………………………….……………………Open South East: Phil Ehlingher, philair41@gmail.com………………………….……………………….(386) 383-8415 South West: Ernie Mortensen, usvmygt@gmail.com……….………………………………………(858) 525-5217 UK Coordinator: Graham Reeves, graham@reevesmail.co.uk………………………………………………+44 151 936 1140 The Model Yacht The Model Yacht is published three times per year by the US Vintage Model Yacht Group. Copyright 1998 to 2020 by the US VMYG. Reproduction for noncommercial purposes permitted; all other rights reserved. Other copyrights are maintained by the original holders, and such material is used here under the fair use provisions of the relevant copyright acts for nonprofit research and educational purposes. Editorial Address: John Stoudt 309 Sundance Drive Chester Springs, PA 19425 jstoudt309@gmail.com On the Cover: From US VMYG Archives. No location info is available. If you have info please let us know. Membership Renewals: The annual membership fee will be due and should be renewed with the publication of the first newsletter of the calendar year. Please reference “Membership” on page 34 for the dues amounts. Please use the form that accompanies this issue of The Model Yacht to complete your membership renewal. Spring 2020 Summer 2018 The Layline By John Stoudt Definition: A layline is a straight line (or bearing) extending from the next mark to indicate the course a boat should be able to sail on the one tack in order to pass to the windward side ofthe mark. (vsk. wikia. com/wiki/Layline) Thank You – Where to begin! We all owe a huge thanks to those who have stepped in to help keep this organization running. They have volunteered and give countless hours to preparing the Journal, managing membership and budget, creating and updating the website, organizing the boat yard, coordinating our boat classes, preparing and presenting awards, and running successful regattas. Take a look at our leadership team – it is quite extensive. When you see one of them at the lake give them a hearty thank you! Assembling this Thing – Each issue of The Model Yacht takes around 250 hours to deliver to you. Four of us do the bulk of the work with a great group of authors providing the various articles and content. I solicit the content and prepare it to go into the work folder on our shared drive. Our copy editor, Jeff Beck (Journal Editor), works his magic cleaning up each article, ensuring copyright and formatting the illustrations and photographs. Bruce Richter, our Journal Art Director, takes the copy, photographs and illustrations and waves his wizard’s wand assembling it into the copy you receive. John Henderson jumps in to help edit the Journal to ensure accuracy. When the electronic copy is approved by our editorial staff, it gets emailed out to a group of individuals including Jeff Beck, Jim Flach and Unlimited Graphics. Jeff then receives a link to the location where Jim Flach (our Webmaster) stores the electronic version. Jeff is able to email the link to the electronic version to those who have agreed to receive the Journal electronically. Annette at Unlimited Graphics prints, stuffs envelopes, and sends them on the way to those who receive a printed copy. Phew! 1 The Model Yacht Inside Leadership Team………………..i The Layline………………………1 Year End Financial Report……………………………… 4 Barnacles…………………..12, 17 Lilliputian Cup Deferders…..5 Boat Identification…………..13 New feature: Gadgets and Gizmos…………………………..14 Earl Boebert Craftsmanship Award…………………………….15 Mad Hatter: An Unusual VM Design…………………….18 Gadgets and Gizmos: Plywood Plank Embosser….24 The Svea Project, Pt.3………27 Hulls + From Blue Crab Model Yachts…………………..31 Resources……………………….32 Boat Registration form……..33 Membership/Dues form……34 Spring 2020 Summer 2018 Budget – In 2017 the US VMYG checking account summary of funds in National Grand Bank, Marblehead, MA through December 31, 2017, was $1,516. Since that time the budget has grown to $8,199 as of December 31, 2019. There are a number of reasons for this increase, which include: ● The US VMYG stopped offering Life Memberships. This is generally not a good practice for an organization such as ours unless you limit the percentage of life memberships allowed. Given our yearly expenses, we lost money on each life membership after only four years. ● The group reduced the cost of printing and distribution of the Journal by: o Offering multiple membership options: one for a printed and mailed journal, one for an emailed journal, and another for journals mailed internationally. o Finding a printer that could print and distribute the Journal at a reasonable cost. ● We set up a new website with the capability of distributing plans and other publications electronically and offering these items at reasonable costs to our membership and others. These sales netted us $1,000 in 2019. ● Voluntary support from our life members, who contributed to help offset the yearly cost of their memberships. ● Setting up a boat registration process that enables members to register a boat and acquire a sail number. The US VMYG yearly expenses include: ● Journal printing and distribution of The Model Yacht ● Website fees and maintenance ● Marketing strategies (ad in Model Yachting and new marketing brochure) ● Printing and postage (for membership mailings) ● Plan digitization ● National regatta (reimbursement program) ● Awards, both craftsmanship and sportsmanship ● Checking account and PO Box fees ● Electronic fees (PayPal and credit card) ● Other administrative costs 2 The Model Yacht Spring 2020 Summer 2018 Boat Registration – As the US VMYG moves forward with boat registrations it is important to explain our purposes for this effort. We want to: ● Assist you in getting a sail number ● Keep track of who owns what particular boat ● Improve and maintain a design database ● Eventually merge our data with other sets of data about vintage model yachts* When you acquire a boat or build one, please complete the boat registration form and send it to the appropriate class coordinator. The form can be found at the end of this Journal or on our website.The link to the electronic form is: https://usvmyg.org/registration/ *We are looking for someone to take on this task. If interested contact me. Facebook Page – In an effort to improve our visibility and to try and attract more members we have launched a Facebook Page. Steve LaBrenz has agreed to put this together for us with the assistance of his wife. Go to Facebook and search US Vintage Model Yacht Group. If you have suggestions on ways to improve this please contact Steve at: srlabrenz@hotmail.com LIKE US ON FACEBOOK! The Boat Yard – The US VMYG is asking that those who list and sell a boat through the Boat Yard make a contribution to the US VMYG. Members are asked to make a 5% donation and non-members pay a 5% commission. This will help defray the yearly costs associated with our website. Do not forget to check out the Boat Yard. There are some very nice vintage boats available for sale right now. Searchable Index – The US VMYG would like to make all copies of The Model Yacht available on a private side of our website that only members can access. In order to do this we need to develop a complete indepth index of the material presented in our newsletters/journals. At the same time it would be valuable to make a list of articles that are worthy of being re-published in the Journal. If you would like to assist with the effort please contact me. 3 The Model Yacht Spring 2020 Summer 2018 4 The Model Yacht Spring 2020 Summer 2018 Commodore Lane ofthe American Model Yacht club Lilliputian Cup Defenders Author Harry Dillon Jones (1900) Photos Unknown believe model-yacht racing to be a serious matter, and any one hinting at races between Lilliputian boats being boyish sport would find a chill come over the warmth of his welcome at the clubhouse. The crash of an explosion goes noisily on its way across the dancing waters of New York Bay, ending its career in the hills off Staten Island. The little brass cannon of the Lilliputian fleet has spoken with no small voice in calling together the members for the great cup race of the model yacht season. And if the cup is less imposing in appearance than the one that Sir Thomas Lipton failed to “lift,” and the yachts that sail for it smaller and easier to handle, there is just as much excitement and interest on this occasion in South Brooklyn as when the hearts of two nations are set upon one of a pair of white-winged flyers showing the other how to win races. The members of the club Yachting talk buzzes on every side when the members gather on the float from which the pretty little craft are launched. In the clubhouse are housed at least fifty small boats modelled on the lines of the swiftest racing craft afloat. They are all seaworthy and could cross the Atlantic, if necessary, with their owners to accompany them to trim sails. You cannot offer a greater insult to a member of the club—all of whom, by the way, are clad in conventional yachting costume and wear the badge of the American Model Yacht Club, than to refer to these interesting craft as “toys.” 5 The Model Yacht Spring 2020 Summer 2018 Showing her heels to the fleet 6 The Model Yacht Spring 2020 Summer 2018 It is claimed that by modelling a boat on tiny lines and testing her sailing abilities on a small scale the best idea possible can be gained of the speed that the ordinary-sized craft will make when built in like fashion. Naval constructors have argued that these small boats are not built in exactly the fashion of the big yachts, but the members of the AMYC assert that some, at least, of their fastest boats, if used as models for international racers, would place the safety of the American cup beyond the possibility of doubt. To witness a race or a regatta of the club is to convince the doubter that if speed is the essential the models are certainly worthy of attention from the owners of larger craft. Drifting But now Commodore Lane, a veteran modeller of yachts and a man who looks as though he had been lulled to sleep all his Tacking life by the music of the sea, takes his place in a rowboat and is pulled out to the starting point of the course, marked by a flag placed there by Official Measurer Nichols, who seems to be the most active man in the preliminaries. Three pistol shots warn the racers that it is time for them to get into position. The first race is one between second-raters. Three contestants await the signal. Almost unconsciously the novice at this peculiar sport finds himself warming up to the proper pitch of excited interest. As for the members of the club who are gathered around in boats, watching the contestants get their little craft into place, they have eyes for nothing but Towing the miniature racers to the stake-boat 7 The Model Yacht Spring 2020 Summer 2018 Rounding the buoy under a stiffbreeze the line so as to avoid any crossing by the opponent, for there are as many tricks of seamanship open to the clever sailor in these miniature contests as in ordinary yachting. As the little boats fly along their way toward the red flag that can be seen bobbing up and down on the water half a mile away, the rowboats follow swiftly, the oarsman keeping a close watch over his shoulder at the yacht on which his hopes are centred. The tiny boat skims across the water like a thing of life, but its actions soon show that it is very far from being possessed of lifelike thinking powers. Carefully as the owner of the boat has fixed the rudder, the perverse craft insists upon flying off at a tangent from the line which leads straight to the stake. Now comes the crucial test of the seamanship of the owner. Every the racing yachts with their tall spars, snowwhite sails, and gaily painted hulls. The owners of the boats—and it is a club rule that the owner must sail his own boat, seamanship being as important a quality in the race as speed—tow the yachts to the starting line, and, first seeing that every sail is properly set, the rudder fixed in the right position to make the most of the breeze blowing, and the ropes taut and trim, rest on their oars and wait for the commodore to give the signal. When all is ready the pistol barks and the boats are off. It is pretty to watch the jockeying for position. The greatest skill is necessary to keep the boats on their course and to get them across 8 The Model Yacht Spring 2020 Summer 2018 time the boat is touched, according to the racing rules of Lilliputian yachting, the one touching it loses ten seconds. The problem that confronts the skipper when the boat veers from her course is: Will it be less costly to yank her back again and trim the sails afresh, or to let her take her course in the hope of some friendly breeze catching her up and whirling her into the way she should go? Surely Captain Hank Haff never cudgelled his brains over a more knotty problem than this. With sails bellying out, deck awash, and every stitch of canvas doing business, the little yacht is flying through the water at a pace that taxes the rowing powers of its skipper to keep up with; but it is flying in a direction that will take it clear out of the course, and meanwhile the rival boat, as though it hears the cheers of the excited spectators who follow the race in their rowboats, is skimming along toward the red flag at a giddy speed. It is heartbreaking to have to do it, but the wanderer has to be hauled in, her sails changed, and her rudder reset. “One touch,” calls out the watchful referee, and the commodore marks it down. qualities with a splendid pleasure boat that is bound south. It takes some time to persuade the puny yacht that such a contest would be ill advised, and by this time the other racers have regained lost ground, and the stake is rounded in something like equal time. Then comes the run home, which is made to the accompaniment of By this time the boat that looked so like winning has suddenly lost her head. Instead of keeping on its sensible course for the flag, it suddenly whirls off in the direction of the Narrows, apparently seized with an insane ambition to try its sailing 9 The Model Yacht Spring 2020 Summer 2018 Towing the winner to shore seamanship is the whole thing, and touches may be avoided by the exercise of proper skill in the sailing of the craft. shouts of encouraging advice from the rival yachtsmen. The finish is so close as to be almost a dead heat, and but for the fact that one man had only three “touches” recorded against him, while the others had six and nine respectively, it would have been a question for the committee to settle. But, as one of the yachtsmen explained for the benefit of the novices, The great cup race brought together contestants from numerous other clubs, and was sailed in heats over ~ triangular course. Each boat carried the Going gaily out to meet her contesting sister yachts 10 The Model Yacht Spring 2020 Summer 2018 Hard rowing to keep pace with the “crack” craft colors of its club and was escorted to the starting line by a cheering contingent of admirers, who anchored their rowboats so as to form a floating grand stand at the finish mark. Much more excitement and interest was evinced over this race than the other, for the winner would carry off the cup, and this trophy, in the estimation of model yachtsmen, is only one remove in importance from the object of Lipton’s racing hopes. The swiftest craft in the fleets of the various clubs enter for this race, and the cleverest seamen in the club are selected to sail them. Should a poor sailor own a particularly fast boat, it is expected that his club pride will prompt him to admit some skilled skipper to a part ownership, so that the boat may have the benefit of a practised hand for the great cup race. If the second-raters caused the spectators to become excited, what words are adequate to express their feelings during this infinitely more important race? “Tips” are given privately to the skippers of the boats as they gather for the start. The pet tricks of the rival sailors are explained by yachtsmen who have watched them race a boat and know just how near they try to go to breaking \ The scene at the yacht club Sunday morning is a pretty one 11 The Model Yacht Spring 2020 Summer 2018 Almost a collison choppy sea and the skill of a model yachtsman. the rules without actually infringing, and critical and experienced eyes examine the trim of the racers and volunteer advice without limit. Now the yachts are in line, the tow ropes cast off, the commodore blazes into the air again, and the fate of the cup is a matter of but a short sail on a NOTE: Harry Dillon Jones was a turn of the 19th century freelance New York City writer whose articles on various topics appeared in various magazines and newspapers of the day. A Great Cut-Off Saw Barnacle DRILL MASTER 2-in Mini Bench Top Cut-Off Saw This precision bench saw makes perfect cuts in soft metals, wood, and plastic in 1/10th the time it takes by hand. This bench top saw is so accurate that you might never have to file or sand ends. It is great for model making and is available from Harbor Freight. 12 The Model Yacht Spring 2020 Summer 2018 Boat Identification Photography Bill Sash, Author The Model Yacht Editorial Staff Bill Sash who lives in the upper midwest asked if the US VMYG could help identify a model yacht that he has. The boat is 6 feet long, stem to stern. It’s about 2 feet high. The keel is lead. The mast is 9 feet long when not installed on the boat. It’s definitely a quality piece with a lot of detail. After a few emails and detailed pictures, here is the response from Earl Boebert: “OK, the last pictures clinch it. First, the boat has been restored, as given its age the paint and sails are clearly not original. Second, the boat was designed and built to be skiff sailed, that is, sailed in open water and chased by a skipper in a single-handed rowboat. We know this because of the row of holes down the centerline of the deck. This feature, usually known as the “cribbage board” was how the sheet controls worked for skiff sailing. The sheets were attached to pegs that went in the holes. This arrangement allowed the skipper to adjust the sheets with one hand while using the other to hold the boat steady. 13 Spring 2020 Summer 2018 The Model Yacht Third, given the design of the steering gear (used only on the run) and the shape of the hull, my best guess is that she dates from the early 1920s. Skiff sailing was done almost exclusively on the East Coast: New York Harbor, Boston Harbor and Charles River, Marblehead Harbor and others. I am attaching a reprint we did some years ago of a 1900 article on skiff sailing in New York (see pages 24-31). The rules were complicated. Even though the boats raced together, they were actually racing against the clock. In New York the boats were divided into classes by length and then given a time handicap depending on sail area. A further time adjustment was made by assessing a penalty (usually 5 seconds) every time the skipper touched his boat. As an aside, when Pete Peterson started the Marbleheaders of Spring Lake, the boats were skiff sailed, not radio. Pete made all the boats and the skiffs. The idea was to provide exercise for retirees.” Ga gets and G iz : Author Ken Young, the Gadget and Gizmo Guy A new feature: m In the world of model boat building, there are those who can create anything out of a piece of wood. We have metal magicians who can turn a chunk of aluminum into a piece of art. They have workshops that are the stuff of legends. There are also those of us who reached the peak of modeling skills at the age of ten. But with any luck at all we will meet one of these wizards, our eyes will be opened, and we will learn from them. We would like to find all of you wizards and ask you to share any gadget or gizmo you may have developed in a new segment of the The Model Yacht called “Gadgets and Gizmos”. If you have come up with a tool that can help other modelers, please let us in on it. Just write up a short description of construction and operation, snap a few pictures (high resolution please), and you’ll be famous! Send it to me at youngrun@sbcglobal.net or call me at 630-957-7490 to discuss your idea. 14 The Model Yacht Spring 2020 Summer 2018 Earl Boebert Craftsmanship Award Author Rob Dutton, Awards Coordinator For many years, a regular feature of US VMYG National Regattas has been the awarding of a Craftsmanship Award. The Award was the creation of Earl Boebert as a way of recognizing excellence in the construction of pond yachts that were sailed in the regattas. It was decided by a popular vote of attendees. Earl’s Award Award Plaque will receive a Craftsmanship Award in the form of a sticker that can be applied to the boat. A winning boat will be ineligible for future voting. Clubs hosting regattas in the future are encouraged to continue the Craftsmanship Award. The US VMYG Awards Coordinator will provide organizational help in running the voting, and provide awards to be given to the winning boats. Earl personally built the presentation award; a restored antique Stanley #101 hand plane, magnetically mounted on a display plinth. These awards have positions of honor in many skippers display cabinets. Earl has achieved emeritus status within the organization, and responsibility for the Craftsmanship Award has been passed to the next generation. In the past, the award has been a “one of” for all classes sailed, which, unfortunately left some beautiful boats unrecognized. Award Sticker New Award Process – In 2019, the US VMYG Moving forward, our plan is to expand the scope of the award to each class sailed. Voting will be limited to skippers in that class, and only boats built by the skippers themselves will be eligible. Winning boats began to provide, along with the plaque, a sticker that would enable the winner to identify his/her craftsmanship award on the boat or stand. 15 The Model Yacht The 2019 award winners John Henderson (left) with Awards Coordinator Rob Dutton Rob Dutton with John Stoudt Ivor Walton with Rob Dutton John Stoudt with Rob Spring 2020 Summer 2018 Procedural Guidelines – For over 150 years pond yacht sailors have been scratch building exquisite pond yachts. This award is intended to honor an individual or individuals each time a regatta is held in a given year. The following will provide guidance to the host club: ● The award is then given to the builder/sailor of a boat selected by peers. ● The boat must exemplify the most wellcrafted boat at the event. ● This award is given to an individual who has scratch built the boat being sailed. ● The individuals competing will judge the boats at the event and make the selection. ● Because the US VMYG supports numerous groups of vintage boats, the award will be made for each class to recognize quality craftsmanship. This includes but is not limited to Marbleheads, V36s, skipjacks, schooners, ‘A’ boats and unrestricted boats. These awards will be provided by the host club. As other classes are added to the boats the US VMYG supports giving additional awards. A special craftsmanship sticker will also be provided (by the US VMYG) to be displayed at the discretion of the skipper/owner. ● The US VMYG awards coordinator and/or a member of the host club will be in charge of the selection process. ● The same boat may not win the award more than one time. This enables others to have the honor bestowed upon him/her. ● For a boat to be eligible, the builder/sailor must have completed at least 75% of the work on the boat. Questions or further elaboration concerning the award should be addressed to: Rob Dutton — edwin653@aol.com or John Stoudt — jstoudt309@gmail.com 16 The 2019 winners’ boats John Henderson’s Mad Hatter VM Marblehead John Stoudt’s Skipjack Ivor Walton’s schooner John Stoudt’s Chico II V36 The Model Yacht Spring 2020 Summer 2018 The Earl Boebert Craftsmanship Award Winners 1999 — Detroit, MI ………………………………………………………………………………….Harold “Pete” Peterson 2000 — Marblehead, MA ………………………………………………………………………………………….Al Hubbard 2001 — Tampa, FL…………………………………………………………………………………………………Alan Suydam 2002 — Spring Lake, NJ……………………………………………………………………………Harold “Pete” Peterson 2003 — Detroit, MI ………………………………………………………………………………….Harold “Pete” Peterson 2004 — Newport News, VA……………………………………………………………………………………….Harry Mote 2005 — Spring Lake, NJ……………………………………………………………………………………………Harry Mote 2006 — Spring Lake, NJ…………………………………………………………………………………Thom McLaughlin 2007 — Marblehead, MA………………………………………………………………………………………….Harry Mote 2008 — Spring Lake, NJ………………………………………………………………………………………..Bruce Richter 2009 — Solomons, MD…………………………………………………………………………………………….Harry Mote 2010 — Mystic, CT…………………………………………………………………………………………………..Harry Mote 2011 — Spring Lake, NJ…………………………………………………………………………………Thom McLaughlin 2012 — Marblehead, MA………………………………………………………………………………………….Harry Mote 2013 — Spring Lake, NJ………………………………………………………………………………………..Bruce Richter 2014 — Downingtown, PA……………………………………………………………………………………..Bruce Richter 2015 — Marblehead, MA 2016 — Spring Lake, NJ…………………………………………………………………………………………..Ivor Walton Downingtown, PA………………………………………………………………………………….John Henderson 2017 — Marblehead, MA Spring Lake, NJ…………………………………………………………………………………Thom McLaughlin 2018 — Marblehead, MA 2019 — Honey Brook, PA…………………………………………………………………….Skipjack: John Y. Stoudt Schooner: Ivor Walton V36: John Y. Stoudt Marblehead: John Henderson Barnacle Excellent Model Yachting Book by Graham Reeves. Graham has written a wonderful book about model yachting in the United Kingdom. The book is available directly from Graham (graham@reevesmail.co.uk) by purchasing it through PayPal. You go to your PayPal account and click on Send & Request. You enter his email address and send the appropriate amount to Graham. He will ship you the book/s. The books are £25 each and shipping for one is £20.00, shipping for two is £23.00 and shipping for the three is £28.00. All prices are Sterling and payable through PayPal. 100 Years ofModel Yachting & the Model Yachting Association 1911-2011 17 Spring 2020 Summer 2018 The Model Yacht Mad Hatter An Unusual Vintage Marblehead Design Author and photos John Henderson The Mad Hatter differs from most Vintage Marblehead designs because of its dramatic rounded cross-sectional shape. The deck makes a smooth transition into the topsides, which make another smooth transition into the bottom. There are no edges anywhere: no chine, and not even a sharp sheer. The design is by Roger Stollery of the UK, and it is one of three revolutionary designs that he produced in the 1966–1968 period. I scratch-built a Mad Hatter in 2019 using strip-planked western red cedar, and it made its debut at the Vintage Nationals in Honey Brook, PA in September 2019. The archive of plans on the US VMYG website contains all three of Roger Stollery’s designs from this period: Mad Hatter, March Hare, and White Rabbit. Fig. 1 was taken from this archive. The three designs are quite similar, but they differ in displacement and beam, with corresponding subtle differences in hull shape (primarily hull depth and beam). In preparation of this article, I contacted Roger Stollery through the Guildford Model Yacht Club in the UK. He provided much valuable insight during our email correspondence. His colleague, Graham Reeves, also provided me with copies of a series of articles about these three designs that appeared in the February, March, and April 1968 issues of the publication Model Boats in the UK. Much of the summary material that I present here is explored in more detail in those articles. Incidentally, the photos accompanying those articles show the boats with vane steering. My model is radio-controlled. While the installation of radio gear is not particularly challenging in this model, there is no abundance of internal space, particularly in the vertical dimension. 18 Mad Hatter under sail The Model Yacht Spring 2020 Summer 2018 Fig. 1. Mad Hatter profile and sections Let’s think about the problem for boats of more “normal” shape. Such a more usual shape, with a wide deck and likely some flare to the upper topsides, immerses considerable topside volume when the boat heels. This increases stability, but it also causes the boat to “lift” up, and this lifting shortens the heeled waterline. I realize that the usual claim for long bow and stern overhangs (as distinct from Mad Hatter’s plumb ends) is that they lengthen the heeled waterline. Actually achieving this claimed longer waterline, however, requires very careful design of the bow and stern shapes. If you look closely at most models (and full-sized boats) with long overhangs, the bow overhang very rarely contributes much heeled waterline length, and the stern must be fairly broad for it to immerse. The overhang trick rarely accomplishes much unless the design rating considers only the upright waterline length, and this simplistic rating approach has mostly passed. Models such as Marbleheads, which specify only overall length, don’t benefit from long overhangs. Mad Hatter’s hull shape is shown clearly in Fig. 1, which gives the lines for the hull profile and sections. Note the extreme tumblehome (i.e., rounded-ness of the topsides), revealed clearly in the cross-sections. Note also the long waterline and how the “line of maximum beam” reveals the modest flare at the bow. Closer inspection shows that the bow frame (station #0), which also forms the stem, does not come to a point. The bow is rounded rather than sharp, and the “round” is shaped into the bumper. Also note the relatively flat aft portion of the underbody. All of these attributes have implications for both performance and construction complexity, as I will try to illuminate in this article. Design attributes and performance Speed of a displacement hull is proportional to the square root of waterline length, and a plumb bow and stern allow the waterline length to be maximized. Plumb or nearly plumb bows and sterns are fairly common in model boats unless they are constrained to look like scale boats. The trick—and the performance contribution of Mad Hatter’s unusual shape—is to preserve this long waterline when the boat heels. This is the purpose of the tumblehome. When a shape like Mad Hatter heels, the tumblehome means that there is much less topside volume to immerse, so the boat does not “lift” as much when heeled, and the longer waterline is 19 The Model Yacht Spring 2020 Summer 2018 Mad Hatter, in contrast, has a somewhat raised preserved. A “real”, full-sized boat would not use a deck shape like this because of the difficulty of keeping the crew on board, but Marblehead models have no such constraint. foredeck with a subtle increase in width above the waterline, but the rounded deck and simple curves shed water easily. Perhaps there is not as much resistance to submarining as with a flared deck, but performance in waves is good. To my eye, this is somewhat like a wave penetrating hull on a modern catamaran, but without the reverse bow (whose benefits, I believe, are arguable). Moreover, the overall hull shape of Mad Hatter places the center of buoyancy fairly far aft and provides fairly flat surfaces aft, both of which tend to promote planing. Roger Stollery reports that the boat planes regularly, although I have not sailed it in suitable conditions. Planing, with its dynamic lift, helps prevent submarining. The other advantage of tumblehome is the way it enables Roger Stollery’s intended method of construction, which was molded fiberglass. He used separate molds for the top and bottom halves of the hull, and he joined them along the line of maximum beam. He molded a rebate or joint flange into the lower half to enable accurate, quick, and easy construction. I believe that, in its day, this was fairly revolutionary. For myself, while appreciating his ingenuity, I wanted a wooden boat. The hull shape also enables a different bow design. I have already pointed out that the bow is rounded, not sharp. More significant is the deck shape and the distribution of volume above the waterline. Modern Marbleheads often have a lot of flare at the bow, which I imagine is intended to offer reserve buoyancy to try to prevent the boat from “submarining” when going downwind in a blow. Perhaps the flare even provides some dynamic lift at speed. This is all well and good, unless waves wash over the deck, in which case there is a wide area offering resistance to shedding the water quickly. Fig. 2. The shape of the waterlines reveals some of these subtleties (see Fig. 2). The entry at the bow is quite fine, and the underbody is broad aft. This might be a mild form of the “wedge” shape seen in modern long-distance ocean racers designed to maximize performance downwind in planing conditions in the southern ocean. A frequent concern with wedgeshaped waterlines is that the helm becomes unbalanced upwind when heeled. The extreme tumblehome on Mad Hatter mitigates this problem while preserving a good planning surface. Mad Hatter waterlines plan 20 The Model Yacht Spring 2020 Summer 2018 chose the design and the wooden construction partly because that combination promised an “interesting” planking exercise, and it did not disappoint. I also confess that I was attracted by the unique shape. I believe that I reproduced that shape accurately, and the model met the specified 16-lb weight with the specified 10-lb lead bulb. That said, with its fairly wide beam and curvaceous shape, this is probably a project best undertaken with experience and patience. It is possible that having a significant asymmetry in the fore and aft distribution of volume may help damp out pitching in waves, but I have no firsthand experience with the boat in these kinds of conditions. A potential downside to flat and shallow sections aft is increased wetted surface, although the design is light enough compared to most Vintage Marblehead alternatives that this effect is diminished. I have not sailed my boat enough to have a strong opinion, but I worry that it might be “sticky” in light air. I have seen no other comment on this; perhaps normal sailing conditions in the UK are windier. The plans on our US VMYG website are lines drawings only. They show no construction methods or details. The techniques and choices that I describe below are mine, and they are not the only possible good building methods for this boat. I will assert, however, that they work as claimed and are effective in managing the weight. Stability is always a design issue. Mad Hatter carries a bit more than 60% of its displacement in a lead bulb at the bottom of the keel. I think that, at the time and location of its design, maximum draft was determined by the water depth in the local lakes. The 12-in designed draft matches exactly (this is probably not accidental) the maximum permitted for our Traditional Marblehead models. Mad Hatter’s 11-in beam is pretty wide, which adds to its stability for modest heel angles. Of Stollery’s three related designs, Mad Hatter is the lightest and the widest. The extra weight of the other designs is entirely added ballast in the bulb, and they have narrower beam. I believe that the intent was for roughly equal righting moment (i.e., resistance to heeling). I will compare the three designs below. I built the boat with ⅛ by ⅜-in cedar strips in a process familiar to anyone who has built a stripplanked kayak or canoe. The general procedure is well-documented by designers/builders of such boats (see, for example, The Strip-Built Sea Kayak by Nick Schade). I used 11 evenly distributed permanent frames, corresponding to the sections on the plans. I cut out the central section of each frame to form “ring frames” to save weight. Note that the perimeter edges of the frames must be reduced from the section shapes on the plans by the thickness of the planking. The frames were supported on the building board with temporary “legs”, per usual model building practice. Building choices and construction decisions In something of a departure from normal practice, I did not employ a full-length inner or outer keel, nor is there a full-length king plank. The hull shape and construction provide plenty of strength and rigidity, and these longitudinals simply would have added weight and complexity. Although I built my boat using strip-planked western red cedar, I should acknowledge at the outset that the boat was intended to be built in fiberglass in a mold. Part of the “revolutionary” aspect of the design was its early attempt to provide builders an easy access to a highperformance Marblehead hull. I confess that I I did, however, pay strict attention to the structural 21 The Model Yacht Spring 2020 Summer 2018 a significant “rolling bevel” is required as the angle at which adjacent planks meet changes over the length of the boat. Some twist in the planks is required at bow and stern, and I accomplished this with application of dry heat from a paint stripper heat gun. (Be careful not to scorch the wood.) In general, I tried to keep “edge set” (i.e., bending the plank on its wide dimension) to a minimum. When edge set got uncomfortable, I left a gap and restarted the planks at a better location. The football-shaped gap was later filled in with tapered planks. This is fairly standard strip-planking practice, and I have documented it in construction articles about my build of the J-Boat Rainbow in previous issues of this journal. elements supporting the keel, mast, and chainplates. The fin keel is made with three layers of ⅛-in plywood laminated together and faired to an airfoil. The two halves of the lead bulb are epoxied to this fin. After the fin was attached to the hull and frames, the entire fin, bulb, and garboard fairing (required by our Marblehead rules) were covered with two layers of 4-oz fiberglass cloth. This fiberglass stiffened and strengthened the fin (which looked a bit slender to me) and solidified the attachment of the lead bulb. Yes, I was advised to use bolts, and yes, I worried about not doing so, but I think this method, at least for this boat, was stronger and better. The ⅜-in thick fin extended through the hull planking and locked into notches in frames 3–6 (located as shown in Fig. 1). Instead of a full-length king plank, a short king plank was notched into frames 3–5, as were under-deck reinforcements for the chainplates. In this way, the stresses of the keel, mast, and shrouds were transferred to and managed by this unified central framing—from hull bottom to deck—and loads on the planking were minimized. I learned later that Roger Stollery had planned a similar internal structure for his fiberglass boats. Full-length longitudinals were unnecessary, because the rest of the hull planking only needed to keep the water out. The photo below shows a close-up view of the deck planking. A careful examination will show the topsides planks wrapping around the curve of the hull, especially at the stern; these planks have a combination of bend and twist that worked well from below the waterline up to approximately the location of the chainplates. I then restarted the planking at the deck centerline and closed the “football” working outward with planks parallel to the centerline until they met the topsides planks. The line where these different sets of planks meet is visible in the photo, extending from near the bow to the chainplates and then back to the small deckhouse at the stern. The bottom planks follow a similar procedure. Care is needed to not form an unfair “hard” line at this juncture. I enlarged the Planking a boat of this shape requires some care. I beveled the plank edges to provide good fit, and Planking 22 The Model Yacht Spring 2020 Summer 2018 rudder and skeg by about 50% over the original plans, per usual practice when converting freesailed boats to radio control. Since I built the rudder as lightly as I dared, I used a strong piece of wood for the leading edge, and I extended that piece through the hull up to the deck. plans for Mad Hatter show an alternative rig that uses a short gaff in the mainsail. I am not sure that this rig conforms to our requirements, and I did not use it. It does, however, explore an area of concern with our very high aspect ratio rigs. While it is clear that a long luff (causing the high aspect ratio) is advantageous upwind, it is not clear that the narrow amount of sail at the very top is effective in generating drive. It is “hidden” by the mast. The short gaff is an attempt to support more roach higher up, to make this portion of the sail more effective, especially on a reach or downwind. Some comments on the three related Stollery designs Comparing the three closely related designs: ● Mad Hatter is the lightest and widest (16 lb, 11-in beam) ● March Hare is the heaviest and somewhat narrower (20 lb, 10.25-in beam) ● White Rabbit is the narrowest (18.75 lb, 9-in beam). Most of the weight difference is in the ballast bulb. I think that White Rabbit was designed first, March Hare next, and Mad Hatter last. It is my hope that this article generates interest among other builders to explore this or one of the other more unusual designs in our plans archive. White Rabbit, with its narrow beam, was intended to be relatively easy to sail because it would maintain a freesailed course with less fussing over sail trim and vane adjustment. March Hare had a bit more stability, and it seems to have been able to plane somewhat more readily, with its greater beam. Mad Hatter was an experiment in lighter weight and better planning ability, and its loss of stability from less ballast was compensated with greater beam. I believe that performance differences among the three boats were small, with Mad Hatter perhaps having a slight edge in planning conditions. The articles in Model Boats (published in the UK) also describe some experiments with the rig. The 23 The Model Yacht Spring 2020 Summer 2018 Ga gets and Giz m Plywood Plank Embosser : Author Ken Young John Richmond is a member of the Chicago R/C Model Yacht Club. He is a former machine maintenance technician who evolved into a selftaught machinist. At General Mills he was responsible for machine and plant maintenance and a boiler operator for 29 years. He still wants to learn new skills, as well as come up with new techniques for building model boats. John operating the embosser His plywood plank embosser is one of the gizmos he’s come up with to make model building a little easier. John actually developed this version 35 years ago specifically to plank the sides of the cabin for an R/C sternwheeler. That was what determined the size of the machine. The whole idea is to take a piece of plywood and make it look like individual planking by embossing lines into the wood. If you want, you can then run a Sharpie or a pencil down the groove to accentuate the illusion of planks. A view ofthe machine 24 The Model Yacht Spring 2020 Summer 2018 This version will do a piece of plywood 4 ½ in wide with planks ⅜ in wide and 1/32 in deep.This one was designed for ⅛-in wood at the maximum thickness. John has plans to make another one that would be 6 in wide. It can be made any width, but will require more cranking power or multiple passes at increasing pressure. The sides are made from ⅜-in steel. Two pieces of ¾-in steel conduit spacers form the guides for the wood to slide on. The embossing roller has brass bushings. Wood spacer used to change position ofplywood The steel handle is attached to the knurled roller. The pressure of the embossing wheel is variable with adjusting screws to accommodate different thicknesses of plywood. This version is held in a large vice. If he builds another, John would make two changes: he would make it out of aluminum and mount it on a board to eliminate the need for a vice. Operation is simple. Adjust the tension on the screws for the plywood thickness or for a groove of less depth, if desired. Feed the wood into one end and crank the handle attached to the knurled roller to pull the wood through. It comes out the other end with grooves embossed. If you want, you can move the plywood over, run it through again to have smaller planks. Embossed stock exiting the machine 25 The Model Yacht Spring 2020 Summer 2018 You can even make it look like wainscoting. Just slide a small piece of plywood against the vertical side of the desired thickness and let that guide the wood. With this version your wood will be cut into pieces 4 in wide, or less. The seam between two pieces forms the edge of two planks. The planks only go in a straight line, although there has been some experimentation, with limited success, on doing curved lines. Finished product with no markings John’s gadget makes it possible to have a planked deck without all of the individual planks. It can make life easier when we put the finishing touches on our boats. Finished product. Some markings with pencil, some with Sharpie 26 If you have technical questions for John, he can be reached at johnrichmond@att.net. The Model Yacht Spring 2020 Summer 2018 The Svea Project Author Gene Novak This is the final installment on the Svea Project as seven hulls have been produced and at least five are sailing as you read this article. It has been a great project made possible with the assistance of so many individuals, and it has generated a great following amongst hobbyists around the world, so thanks to all of you involved. Part 2 ended with me figuring out the ballast for Svea and pouring the ballast that fit just right. The second hull out of the mold went to Bob Eger, who finished the boat with the assistance of John Hanks, secretary of the AMYA J Class. Everything looked great, until … Part Ranger and Svea 27 3 Photo Bob Eger The Model Yacht Spring 2020 Summer 2018 After finishing the detailed planking on the deck of Svea hull #2 and getting the boat out of the shop and into the water, it was discovered that the ballast needed some adjustment. After some consulting and adjusting, a new lead ballast piece was added to the forward portion of the keel ballast, and the aft piece was lightened by 7 lb! This got the bow of the boat out of the sky and sailing on her lines. Modifications were made to all other sets of ballast, and we were able to get Svea out on the water to compare her to our 1/16 scale Ranger. Photos of Bob’s build and videos of preliminary shakedown sails can be seen on the AMYA J Class website. It is interesting to note that on the shakedown sail of Svea vs. Ranger, Bob Eger was filming the boats while passers by were allowed to sail Svea, and she held her own very well against Ranger even with novice sailors at the controls. Everything looked good, and we felt we had a very competitive boat. So we made the commitment to finish three hulls and transport them to Mystic Seaport, CT to compete in the 2019 J Class National Championship Regatta. I had decided early on that the sail plan would be the same as I was using on Ranger because the design was fairly close and the sail area was near the upper limits allowed on both designs. We were within 80 in2 of the maximum 4245 in2 for Ranger and 4262 in2 for Svea, and I felt that was plenty of sail for our light air conditions here in California. While getting three hulls together for the trip to Mystic, I received another order for two hulls to go to North Carolina. Since we were making the trip to Mystic as were the new buyers, delivery terms were arranged. Svea deck Photo Gene Novak That put a time crunch on finishing three boats and getting two new hulls, ballast and rudder complete in time to make the trip. I also had to put together three new sets of sails and all of the hardware and accessories. And there are always delays and setbacks. In the meantime, we had two hulls done for test sailing in one of our club J Class events, and Svea proved to be very fast, taking first for the day with eight first place finishes in 10 races. We made the necessary arrangements for the road trip to Mystic, and with preparations complete, Dan Robinson and I set off with four complete J boats and rigs, three additional Svea hulls and 11 10-ft masts for our trip across country. 28 The Model Yacht Spring 2020 Summer 2018 The fleet at Mystic Seaport Photo Gene Novak Organization of the event was great, and racing was competitive for 18 J class skippers. The AMYA quarterly will have a full article on the event so I won’t rain on their parade except to say that the winds were stronger than anticipated and coming from an unusual direction, which caused the race committee to set up a course that took the boats offshore about 100 yards. This made depth perception extremely valuable for clearing the weather mark and avoiding other boats. The weekend proved to be exciting as 18 boats started and only seven were sailing at the end. Svea proved to have great speed under a reefed main and won several heats over the 2 days finishing fifth overall. We departed Sacramento, CA on Monday, August 5 and arrived in Mystic, Connecticut on Thursday, August 8. Friday we were able to meet the rest of the competitors and move the trailers onto the Mystic Seaport grounds for the weekend. Dan was also able to sail his new Svea, for the first time! Again, pictures of the trip and NCR are available on the AMYA J Class website. The website tracked our progress across country, and Dan and I had fun keeping the J Class up to date on our travels. The National Championship Regatta took place August 10 and 11 in the Mystic River fronting the Mystic Seaport Museum. 29 The Model Yacht Spring 2020 Summer 2018 I pulled out with three races to go due to the carnage on the race course. I wanted to take a boat home, but I felt this was a pretty good showing for a new boat and design. We were plagued with leeward helm when the wind was high, and steerage was an issue on the new design. Even with a larger rudder, I wasn’t happy with the control, so a new larger rudder has been designed and incorporated into the kit. Leeward helm was an issue, so the mast was moved aft by 1 inch to neutralize the helm. The full size Svea suffered from lee helm and was returned to the yards Rounding the mark Photo Bob Eger for modifications. Comments from interested parties placed the blame on incorrect location of the mast by design had the advantage. Results: Svea won 9 races and the manufacturer, but I think we have confirmed that Ranger won 11, so the results are cut and dry, right? Not so fast. Skipper A won 17 races and Skipper B won 3 the design may have been off a little in 1937. races, two of which were with Ranger! No definitive proof of either design because in the two races skipper B 1940 America’s Cup! It was always our intent to establish what would have won with Ranger, Svea sailed into a hole as Ranger been the faster boat had WWII not gotten in the way continued on in good wind. What can we take away about the Svea design? of yachting after the 1937 win by Ranger. When Gustav Plym went back to Sweden and teamed with Tore Holm to design this J boat, I’m sure they did it Consensus by the race director and contestants was that Svea accelerated faster, was stiffer in the wind due to her with the intention of challenging for the America’s wider keel, and had an advantage on top end speed that Cup in 1940. We thought that it would be fun to was marginal but faster. As shown by the results, the stage the 1940s cup at our sailing venue in West skipper makes a big difference. The participants are all in Sacramento, CA. We were looking for definitive agreement and will stay with their Svea design for proof as to which design would be faster, and on Saturday, October 5, 2019, 79 years later, we would competition, and two have already sold their Ranger strive to answer that question. Winds were light at 5 boats. With two boats being developed on the East Coast mph with gusts to 10 mph. We set up two courses, and one in the Midwest, I am sure we will see Svea in the winner’s circle at many events in the future. just as was typical in the 1930s. We had a windward–leeward course and would run two laps Thanks again to all who helped bring this project per race, and we used an offset mark to test the reaching abilities of the boats and would run two laps together: from John Lammerts van Bueren, who discovered the plans in Sweden in 1999; to Elizabeth per race with the offset mark. Myer and TJ Perrotti who approved of and supplied the drawings necessary to produce this 1/16 scale model, and We had an official starter and planned to race 20 races, switching skippers every five races to establish my fellow modelers here in the Sacramento area who assisted in all areas of construction; it could not have which design had an advantage. been done without your assistance. I look forward to fine tuning this design and competing against the best AMYA We had high hopes that this would equalize the sailors in the future. competition and establish once and for all, which 30 The Model Yacht Spring 2020 Summer 2018 Hulls + from Blue Crab Model Yachts Chico II hull Author Blue Crab Model Yachts If you are interested in building a vintage model for the beautiful lines of each vessel is evident in yacht and do not have the inclination or time to the execution of his molding techniques to recreate build one using the bread-and-butter or plank-onthese model yacht replicas. Fine fiberglass hulls are frame method, we have just the source for you. The available for the vintage model yachts listed below. US VMYG is working with Scott Todd to provide vintage hulls for the aspiring model yacht builder. Custom decks as well as hand crafted custom Blue Crab Model Yachts (BCMY) is an authorized wooden planking for decks and plank-on-frame builder for the US VMYG. Scott has been building, construction are also available. BCMY is also sailing, and racing commercial full-sized yachts and making ballasts available for certain boats. operating a commercial crabbing boat for over forty Plans are also available. For more information years. His model yachting experience has led him to contact Scott at: dscotttodd63@gmail.com or re-establish BCMY. Scott’s devotion and passion 410-310-2453 36/60 Vintage 36 Chico II designed by AJ Fisher Plug by Alan Suydam Comet (36 inch version of the dinghy) designed by C. Lowdnes Johnson (available soon) Plug by Scott Todd 50/800 Vintage Marbleheads Madcap (traditional class) designed by H. E. Richardson Plug by Alan Suydam Yankee (traditional class – 50 inch J boat) designed by Frank Paine (available soon) Plug by John Stoudt White Hare (high flyer class) designed by Roger Stollery (available soon) Plug by Roger Stollery (England) Schooner (under 50”) Brilliant designed by Sparkman and Stevens Plug by Jack Wubbe 48” Skipjack Class Skipjack designed for RC by Pepper Langley (available soon) Plug by Scott Todd 31 The Model Yacht Spring 2020 Summer 2018 Resources Plans: • A.J. Fisher (http://www.ajfisher.com/) • Pinterest (http://www.pinterest.com/pin/506866133039763052/) • Solomons Island Model Boat Club (https://sites.google.com/site/simbclub/home) • Sublime Boatworks (http://www.sublimeboatworks.com) • The Vintage Model Yacht Group, UK (http://www.vmyg.org.uk) • US Vintage Model Yacht Group (https://usvmyg.org/store/plans/) Hulls: • Biff Martin, Marblehead, MA – Biff Martin (978-828-9765) • Blue Crab Model Yacht, Cambridge, MD – Scott Todd (410-310-2453) • The Vintage Model Yacht Group, UK (http://www.vmyg.org.uk) Construction Manual and frames for Wampum • Steve Deligan, stevedeligan@gmail.com (www.rcmodelyachts.com) Parts and Tools: • Horizon Hobbies: https://www.horizonhobby.com/ • Long Beach RC, Hickory Corners, MI (http://www.longbeachrc.com) • Micro-Fasteners: http://www.microfasteners.com/ • Micro-Mark: https://www.micromark.com/ • MidWest Model Yachts, Plainfield, IN (http://www.midwestmodelyachting.com/) • Model Yacht Fittings, The Villages, FL (http://www.modelyachtfittings.com) • SAILSetc (http://www.sailsetc2.com/store/index.php/products-by-category/fittings/vintage-style.html: • ServoCity: https://www.servocity.com/ • Small Parts: https://www.smallpartsinc.com/ • Tower Hobbies: https://www.towerhobbies.com/ • West Systems: https://www.towerhobbies.com/ • Worth Marine, Marblehead, MA http://www.worthmarine.com/store2/) 32 The Model Yacht Spring 2020 33 The Model Yacht Spring 2020 Summer 2018 34